• Trans-
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• v.12
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• pp.81-106
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• 2022

The possibility of metaverse system to be a catalyst for hyper-connected society will be dependent on the speed of connected technological development and its social utilization in the same manner as AI technology. Putting these technical realization processes in brackets, this paper focus on some philosophical-political issues in connection with cognitive-ecological changes in the future cinema which will be influenced by the complexive techno-socio couples of accelerated development of metaverse system. Generally speaking, essence of metaverse system seems to be the degree of immersion by technical accuracy, but is not true. In perspective of cognitive-ecology, flow degree of a picture or photograph is relied not on 'accuracy of representation' but on its message's contextual link-up. In this aspect, real potentiality of metaverse system shall be understood in the context of cognitive-ecological changes of human brain's multi-intelligence networking abilities(intersection of augmentation-simulation and outside-inside) which will be activated in the new structure of natural-social-technological coupling of metaverse system. These cognitive-ecological potentialities have been partially actualized in the cinematic process of tripod mimesis for the longest time, [real contradiction/conflicts (Mimesis-1) -->fictional solutions of cinema (Mimesis-2) --> selective interpretation of spectator's wish fulfillment (Mimesis-3) --> real change (Mimesis-1')]. Therefore metaverse's real potentiality must be considered to be dependent on the possibility of deepening and extending of cinematic circulation between real seperation/problems and ideal connection/solutions. In this context, advanced metaverse system can be compared as a modern technical version of ideal circulation of physics and metaphysics

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.25-38
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• 2022

Urban problems are constantly occurring around the world due to rapid industrialization and population decline. In particular, as the number of vacant houses is gradually increasing as the population decreases, it is necessary to prepare countermeasures. A plan to utilize vacant houses has emerged to restore the natural environment of the urban ecosystem where forest destruction, damage to habitats of wild animals and plants, and disconnection have occurred due to large-scale development. Through connectivity analysis, it is possible to understand the overall ecosystem flow based on the movement of species and predict the effect when vacant houses are converted into green spaces. Therefore, this study analyzed the green area network to confirm the possibility of greening of vacant houses neglected in Jeonju based on circuit theory. Using Circuitscape and Least-cost path, we tried to identify the connectivity of green areas and propose an ecological axis based on the analysis. In order to apply the resistance values required for analysis based on previous studies, the 2020 subdivision land cover data were integrated into the major classification evaluation items. When the eight forests in the target site were analyzed as the standard, the overall connectivity and connectivity between forests in the area were high, so it is judged that the existing green areas can perform various functions, such as species movement and provision of habitats. Based on the results of the connectivity analysis, the importance of vacant houses was calculated and the top 20 vacant houses were identified, and it was confirmed that the higher the ranking, the more positive the degree of landscape connectivity was when converted to green areas. In addition, it was confirmed that the results of analyzing the least-cost path based on the resistance values such as connectivity analysis and the existing conceptual map showed some differences when comparing the ecological axes in the form. As a result of checking the vacant houses corresponding to the relevant axis based on the width standards of the main and sub-green areas, a total of 30 vacant houses were included in the 200m width and 6 vacant houses in the 80m width. It is judged that the conversion of vacant houses to green space can contribute to biodiversity conservation as well as connectivity between habitats of species as it is coupled with improved green space connectivity. In addition, it is expected to help solve the problem of vacant houses in the future by showing the possibility of using vacant houses.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.517-529
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• 2020

Various facilities in the river working in a complex interdependence network result in both desired and adverse effects. Among these, the weir crossing the river continuously acts in various ways, such as securing river maintenance flow and water level during dry-period, and rising flood level during rainy period. Until now, weir planning was only limited to flood mitigation management. Recently, the demand for securing river environment functions is increasing. Therefore, the necessity for an environmental flow has emerged. Nevertheless, there is no analysis and evaluation of the ecological functional aspects applying the environmental flow when planning facilities. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and systematize an assessment method that considers not only flood control but also river environment. Environmental flow was applied to the weir named Dondaet-bo and hydraulic analysis was conducted for each retention, demolition, and re-installation case. Also, this research was conducted to minimize the impact on the surrounding river facilities and flood assessments from previous perspectives were performed. The study result demonstrated a plan to reinstall the weir as a natural riffle. Through this study, it is expected that the flood control and environmental functions of rivers can be secured in combination.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.96-109
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• 2021

Since terrestrial input plays a major role in coastal primary production, an understanding of land-ocean coupling (LOC) is key to understand coastal ecological changes. In this study, the LOC has been classified into three stages (i.e., the baseflow, plume event and residual flow). In order to characterize its pattern in Nakdong River estuary, multi-platform data were obtained from remote sensing (geostationary ocean color image (GOCI)), in-situ measurement (marine environment information system (MEIS)), on-site measurement (discharge data and meteorological data). The MEIS data were grouped into three stages of LOC using principal component analysis (PCA), and the LOC (2013 ~ 2018) was examined at each stage using multi-platform data. In the Nakdong River estuary, the maximum value of chlorophyll-a (chl-a) was unexpectedly appeared during the plume event. It is assumed that there was no significant increase in turbidity, expected during the typical plume event, together with the weak flushing effect, caused the enhanced phytoplankton growth. Compared with other estuaries, LOC is common in estuaries affected by freshwater inflow, but LOC has different pattern depending on the size of the plume. While estuaries that form small plumes of about 10 km (low freshwater discharge and weak flushing effect) observed high chl-a in the plume event because the phytoplankton can response to the increased nutrient more rapidly. estuaries that form large plumes of more than 100 km est (high freshwater discharge and strong flushing effect) follow the typical LOC pattern conceptualized in this study (high chl-a in the residual flow).

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.393-402
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• 2023

Drought, which has been increasing in frequency and magnitude due to recent abnormal weather events, poses severe challenges in various sectors. To address this issue, it is important to develop technologies for drought monitoring, forecasting, and response in order to implement effective measures and safeguard the ecological health of aquatic systems during water scarcity caused by drought. This study aimed to predict water quality fluctuations during drought periods by integrating the watershed model HSPF and the water quality model QUAL-MEV. The researchers examined the SPI and RCP 4.5 scenarios, and analyzed water quality changes based on flow rates by simulating them using the HSPF and QUAL-MEV models. The study found a strong correlation between water flow and water quality during the low flow. However, the relationship between precipitation and water quality was deemed insignificant. Moreover, the flow rate and SPI6 exhibited different trends. It was observed that the relationship with the mid- to long-term drought index was not significant when predicting changes in water quality influenced by drought. Therefore, to accurately assess the impact of drought on water quality, it is necessary to employ a short-term drought index and develop an evaluation method that considers fluctuations in flow.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.109-118
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• 2010

This study aims to propose practical strategies for the new urban ideal of regeneration. A book review highlights the emergence of new trends of urbanization in knowledge-information industrial society beyond the new town Ideal of the industrial society. The meaning of ‘landscape’ in landscape urbanism represents not the visual and decorative pictures, but the dynamic process in the context of changes and evolutions. Also, knowledge-information industrial society and landscape have a meaning in the same context of flow and process with changes of velocity. Finally, these key words convey a meaning with the new urban trends of urbanization in knowledge-information industrial society in the context of value-oriented characteristics of dynamics and process. Urban regeneration is emerging as the new urban ideal in the knowledge-information industrial society, beyond the new town ideal of industrial society. It is in the same context as landscape urbanism with respect to green infrastructure buildings and designs for the transformation of urban surfaces covered with concrete and asphalt into the ecological surface, and of the ecological surfaces into the cultural surface that could be communicated with human beings. This research revealed the six strategies for urban regeneration as follows. The First, the strategies for the transformation of urban surfaces into ecological surfaces, the second, the strategies for the transformation of ecological surfaces into cultural surfaces, the third, the introduction of mixed and convergence land use, the forth, the transformation of former sites(e.g. military and factory) into urban parks, the fifth, the introduction of waterfront park zones that have the function of ecological and park-oriented mixed land use and, the sixth, the building and design of green infrastructure in the residential and commercial complex in CBD. These strategies call for the reforms of development laws and regulations to restrict building coverage ratio, building heights, and the introduction of park-oriented mixed zoning regulations. Another method for implementating the above listed strategies was the introduction of a strategic planning system instead of the traditional master plan system. This system uses a value planning approach and brand making by imagery. It is able to construct the meaning of an image and its creativeness directly.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.21 no.2 s.75
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• pp.42-49
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• 2007

It has been known that shallow-water regions, such as tidal flats, sea grass and sea weed beds have water purification capability, and they also serve as nursery grounds for many fishes. On the other hand, tidal flat areas are economically attractive sites for reclamation, to be used for developing industries. When developing shallow-water areas, we have to propose a plan to mitigate the environmental impact associated with such a development plan. However, it is difficult to estimate the affects on the ecosystem and water purification, and the literature related to this matter is insufficient. In order to evaluate the ability of coastal tidal flat and to predict the future changes, it is necessary to develop a reliable prediction technique and construction of data by using a field investigation. In this study, we carried out a numerical model test for the tidal flat ecosystem, using the pelagic system and the benthic system, simultaneously, in order to show a change in the tidal flat ecosystem. The flow of nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon has been identified as a primary consideration of marine ecosystem components, and the capability of water purification and the change of the tidal flat were predicted using this flow. In order to make a more reliable prediction, a field investigation to determine tide, current and creatures of the object coastal area has been done. The purification capability of this shallow-water region is estimated from the model results. According to the results of experiments, the tidal flat has a capability of water purification (Sink) of 11mgN/m2/day, but the other area has a load (Source) of 20mgN/m2/day. As a result, we could confirm that the tidal flat of an object coastal area plays an important role in water purification.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.1-15
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• 2017

Eutrophication of surface waters is of concern worldwide, because it can result in many undesirable water-quality and ecological problems, such as hypoxic 'dead' zones and harmful algal blooms, both associated with considerable economic costs. In this study, we used LSM (Land Surface Model) to simulate nitrogen in five major rivers in the Southern Korean Peninsula. The main objective of this research was to enhance nitrogen data for input of LM3V model in South Korea. Input data for nitrogen fluxes were categorized into three sections including agriculture fertilizer, livestock manure, atmosphere deposition, biological fixation, and sewage pollutants were used as the nitrogen input. For using LM3V model, the nitrogen input data were regenerated by considering states of agriculture and industry in South Korea at a $1/8^{\circ}$ resolution. Then, we simulated stream/river flows and N loads throughout the entire drainage networks in South Korea at a $1/8^{\circ}$ resolution. By using the same parameters for the entire country ($100,210km^2$), composed of 5 river basins with varying climate and land use, the model simulates spatial (11 sites) and temporal (1999~2010) patterns of flows and nitrate-N loads are resonable by comparing observed flow and nitrate-N loads. The r (Pearson's linear correlation) for water temperature, flow and nitrate-N at river were 080~0.93, 0.62~0.92 and 0.5~0.9 respectively. Based on enhanced N input data and model results, we find that LM3V model as land surface model can be applied in South Korea with interaction of atmosphere and land conditions.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.67-71
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• 2016

Purpose: There is a growing interest in rainwater runoff reduction effect of green roof, as flooding caused by increasing impervious surface is becoming more and more frequent in urban areas. This study was conducted to prove runoff reduction and runoff delay effect of the retentive green roof and to investigate its influencing factors to the rainfall events that occurred in the summer of 2013. Method: The experiment intended to monitor the runoff quantity of the retentive green roof($140m^2$) and normal roof($100m^2$) in #35 building in Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea for 75 days in 2013. Result: On analysis of 9 rainfall events, it showed that the retentive green roof has 24.8~100% of runoff reduction ratio, 21.2~100% of peak flow reduction ratio, 0.5~3.75 hours of peak delay, and $1.8{\sim}7.2m^3$ of retaining capacity in an area of $140m^2$. It shows different results depending on rainfall and antecedent dry days. The results show that runoff reduction effect is effective when the rainfall is less than 50 mm and antecedent dry day is longer than five days on average. By installing retentive green roofs on buildings, it can help mitigate urban floods and rehabilitate urban water cycle.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.109-114
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• 2016

Purpose: The underground air is the warm air discharged from the porous volcano bedrock 30-50m underground in Jeju, including excessive humidity. The temperature of the underground air is $15-20^{\circ}C$ throughout the year. In Jeju, the underground air was used for heating greenhouses by supplying into greenhouses directly. This heating method by supplying the underground air into greenhouses directly had several problems. The study was conducted to develop the heat pump system using underground air as heat source for resolving excessive humidity problem of the underground air, adopting the underground air as a farm supporting project by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs(MAFRA) and saving heating cost for agricultural facilities. Method: 35kW scale(10 RT) heat pump system using underground air installed in a greenhouse of area $330m^2$ in Jeju-Special Self-Governing Province Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Seogwipo-si, Jeju. The inlet and outlet water temperature of the condenser, the evaporator and the thermal storage tank and the underground air temperature and the air temperature in the greenhouse were measured by T type thermocouples. The data were collected and saved in a data logger(MV200, Yokogawa, Japan). Flow rates of water flowing in the condenser, the evaporator and the thermal storage tank were measured by an ultrasonic flow meter(PT868, Panametrics, Norway). The total electric power that consumed by the system was measured by a wattmeter(CW240, Yokogawa, Japan). Heating COP, rejection heat of condenser, extraction heat of evaporator and heating cost were analyzed. Result: The underground air in Jeju was adopted as a farm supporting project by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs(MAFRA) in 2010. From 2011, the heat pump systems using underground air as a heat source were installed in 12 farms(16.3ha) in Jeju.