• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.35-53
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• 2021

A field survey was carried out targeting 59 pine wilt disease control areas distributed in Andong, and the ecological characteristics of the areas affected by pine wilt disease were analyzed using vegetation information, ecological information, and land use information. Vegetation characteristics of Pine wilt disease affected forest area showed a 3-layer vegetation structure, high percentage of accidental occurrence species (37%) and secondary vegetation species (59.6%), appearing 12 taxa naturalized plants and 3 taxa ecosystem disturbance organisms designated by the Ministry of Environment. Ecological information of Pine wilt affected area showed frequent occurrence of water stress in south and west slopes, low lying grounds in mountains, and in well-drained soils. Also, surrounding the area has been used as roads, tombs, and cultivation where intensive human activities were the cause of disturbance and stress to the pine forest. It was analyzed that the pine forest in Andong city suffered extensive damage due to the onset of pine wilt disease while the pine trees were weakened due to continuous human activities. Conclusively, the spread and onset of pine wilt disease are worsened by artificial factors than natural environmental conditions.

• Water Engineering Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.9-20
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• 2006

The watersheds are functional geographical areas that integrate a variety of environmental and ecological processes and human impacts on landscapes. Geographical assessments using GIS recognize the relationship between interdependence of resources and ecological/environmental components in watersheds. They are useful methodology for viable long term natural resource management. This paper performs through the using hydrological analyses, landscape ecological analyses, remote sensing, and GIS. Indicators are items or measures that represent key components of the small watersheds, and they are developed to be evaluated. Some indicators are described that they represent watershed condition and trend as well as focus on physical, biological and chemical properties of small watershed. Also, ecological functions such as stability, resilience, and sensitivity are inferred from them. The model implemented in GIS allows to reflect the ecological and hydrological functioning of watershed. Methodology from image analysis, landscape ecological analysis, spatial interpolation, and numerical process modeling are integrated within GIS to provide assessment for eco-logical/environmental condition. Results are described from the small watershed of Gwynns Falls in Baltimore County and Baltimore City, Maryland, an area of about 66.5 square miles. The small watershed within Gwynns Falls watershed are subject to a number of land-use. But it is predominantly urban, with significantly lesser amounts of forest and agriculture. The increasing urbanization is ass-coiated with ecological/environmental impacts and citizen conflicts.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.18-33
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect that consumption patterns of human affect the ecosystem using analysis of ecological footprint(EF) and assessment of ecosystem service value in Daegu Metropolitan Area. The data for analysis were constructed from statistical yearbook of each city and average of public land price on land category. According to the EF analysis on city, total EF of Goryeong was showed the highest by 3.3052gha in 2007. However, total EF of Daegu was assessed the lowest by 2.0134gha among 8 cities. In the results of ecological deficit, 7 cities except Gunwi were assessed by condition of ecological deficit and had exceeded environmental capacity until 2007. Specially, it was analyzed that Daegu may need additional area more than about 30 times to maintain the present consumption patterns. On the one side, the results of analysis of ecosystem service value in Daegu were assessed that citizens of Daegu have borrowed about 1,078.6 million wons to ecosystem per year and one person.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.14-23
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• 2002

Daejeon is a large city in Korea and very high-speedly developing city. Recently urban area is expanding and large forest patch is fragmenting into small habitats because of urban sprawl. The fragmentation of large forest patch decreases the size of habitats and increases the loss of biodiversity in urban area. This study is to analysis the connectivity of green space of Daejeon metropolitan city, and suggest the optimum location of greening site and corridor in order to increase the connectivity of green space of Daejeon metropolitan city. The findings of this study are as follows; (1) The result of this study showed that ${\alpha}$ and ${\gamma}$ index are -0.24 and 0.20. A ${\alpha}$ index is very low and a ${\gamma}$ index is relatively low. (2) The dispersion was very high, for urban forest patches were isolated through fragmentation. Therefore, it needed ecological corridors in order to connect the patches. (3) A urban streams were very important in connectivity of urban green space. Urban riparian corridor must be preserved and restored. (4) A urban green space policy and planning must be prepared to increase the connectivity and assessment of alternatives must be accomplished from perspective of connectivity. The results of this study show the practical implications in perspective of green space planning and policy in Daejeon metropolitan city. The suggestions by findings of this study are to connect green space between large forest patch in urban fringe and island green space in inner city. Also, It is required that urban stream is restored to natural feature for use of corridor by wildlife.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.1-7
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• 1995

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.25-29
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• 1995

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.143-155
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• 2018

The article compares economic and environmental performance of Taipei and Almaty from the point of view of "green" economy, which is able to act as a key tool to ensure sustainable development of the region. As the comparison of the parameters of ecological and economic development of the Taipei and Almaty cities shows, they are similar in population size, but demonstrate completely different trends of sustainable development. Economic performance of the Taipei city is achieved with a decrease in the consumption of natural resources and the production of pollution, while the situation in Almaty is the opposite. Almaty maintains a high level of air pollution due to the use of coal in electricity production, as well as increased traffic and density of construction, including the southern part of the city, which is a zone for the transit of mountain air flows. The article discusses the activities jointly conducted by the Government of Taiwan and non-governmental organizations on environmental issues, as well as environmental NGOs, which resulted in significant improvements in the environmental field. Measures to stimulate the development and implementation of environmental innovations applied in the field of sustainable development in the city of Taipei can be adapted for the city of Almaty, where the environmental situation deteriorates year by year.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.21-26
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• 2010

This study is to suggest basic data for the policy on the energy demand and management of an U-based city compliant with characteristics of regions and districts in future city by conducting research on the energy consumption and management of an U-based city, considering city energy demand characteristics focused on the center district of Daegu metropolitan city. U-based city energy consumption and management solution is considered to be effective in establishing the guideline of environment-friendly urban architecture planning as well as the assessment of energy consumption characteristics in a city.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.190-203
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• 2021

Water quality, benthic macroinvertebrate communities, and other factors were investigated to explore the effects of the effluent discharge from a sewage treatment plant into Jwagwang stream in Busan in 2019. During the study period, the flow rate of this stream was in the range of 10,400 m³/day to 52,200 m³/day except for the discharge of about 24,000 m³/day of the effluent. After discharge, the flow velocity increased by about 65% and the water depth increased by about 40%. At sites downstream of the discharge point, BOD, COD, TOC, T-N, T-P, and other water quality values were worse than those of the upstream sites. The periphytic algal chlorophyll-a concentrations in the natural substrata were higher than those of the upstream sites, especially in May and August. However, at sites downstream of the discharge point, the individual numbers of Annelida were decreased and individual numbers of the insecta of arthropoda were increased. Also, species numbers and the diversity and dominance indexes were improved in the sites downstream of the discharge point. The functional feeding groups (FFGs) of collector-filterers were increased and the habitat orientation groups (HOGs) of sprawlers, burrowers, and clingers were especially increased at the sites with additional reclaimed wastewater effluent flow. Regardless of the effluent discharge, BMI, an indicator of ecological stream health using benthic macroinvertebrate species, did not show large gaps between the study points. Although the water quality of the sites downstream of the discharge point was much worse than those upstream, their ecosystem soundness was better than those of the upstream sites from an ecological perspective.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.65-70
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• 1999

This study is written with a purpose to force the changes of way of life in the 21st century through recognizing an environment based on a correct ecological world-view, and to create environmental design of seeing the nature and humans as one organism. This study is focused especially in environmental design and written generally based on urban ecology, human ecology, cultural ecology, and plant ecology with this multi-interdisciplanary approach. To understand meaning of ecosystem by considering the theory of ecology for ecological approach of the environmental design, and to grope for possibility of applying environmental design by considering what to analyze and how to differenciate concept for ecological environmental plan from the mechanical design. Through this study it was realized that the ecological design starts from the recognition of seeing the humans and nature as a one and form being aware of significance of all the living things in our surrounding environment.