• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.13-15
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• 2014

Purpose - This paper discusses the effectiveness of EcoFarmer in Zimbabwe. The effectiveness of EcoFarmer still needs to be established because it is a new product that is hardly a month old. Research design, data, and methodology - The paper follows a qualitative research methodology and an exploratory approach to establish the effectiveness of EcoFarmer in the promotion of productivity in the agricultural sector in Zimbabwe. Using an Internet-based literature review, the paper explored the link that exists between Econet's EcoFarmer program and agricultural development in Zimbabwe. Results - The findings are that the innovation promotes agricultural productivity. This is in line with what was established by Safaricom Foundation in Kenya. Conclusions - The paper used literature sources because the phenomenon is exploratory. This limitation could have been avoided by using a field survey. The paper shows that the EcoFarmer is an innovative project that was developed by Econet as a replication of the Kenyan program.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.247-263
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• 2007

This study was complied to analyze the professional agricultural techniques level and to suggest a desirable direction for the professional education system for women farmer. The research was conducted by using in-field surveys and interviews. Data was gathered by questionnaire from 147 women farmer in five specialized crop regions: strawberry, cucumber, rose, apple, and oyster mushroom. The results obtained are as follows. First, the technique levels in computer usage and electronic commerce, machinery usage, pesticide and fertilizer utilization, facility automation, and eco-agricultural cultivation were low. Second, the demand for professional education, evaluated through technique level by standard management diagnosis, was recognized. Areas of concern included: cucumber (temperature control, carbonic acid gas control, grading, funds management), strawberry (light control, soil temperature control, irrigation watering, shipping), rose (temperature control, light control, funds management, cooperated management), oyster mushroom (growth cabinet sterilizer), and apple (flower bud pinching, defloration, fruit thinning, funds management). Based on the results of this study, the following are suggestions for the planning of a professional education system for women farmer. First, it needs to address formal education in marketing, machinery usage, facilities automation, and techniques in pesticide and fertilizer utilization. Second, it needs to be a multi- level program with appropriate terminology at every level which is suitable to each age and ability of women farmer. Third, it needs a more comprehensive manual developed by need analysis of women farmer and a larger lecturer pool for professional education.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2004

Understanding farmer household and community management of crop diversity is necessary in order to effectively strengthen the local plant genetic resources management system in Vietnam, Assessment and management for distribution of farmer's cultivars of rice, taro and tropical tree species were conducted in four different agro-ecological zones in Vietnam using participatory approaches, focus surveys, diversity fairs, agro-morphological field trials, isozyme analysis to understand why Vietnamese farmers grow diverse types of these crop cultivars, when and where these crops cultivars are grown and how farmers maintain and use them. Results showed significant differences in the extent, distribution and use pattern crop cultivars diversity in contrasting environments and between community farmer households. Seed system is an important role in the access and use of diversity in eco-geographical regions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.105-113
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• 2014

This study analyzed settlement motivation, life satisfaction factors, policy requirement targeting return farmers on mountain village. 8 target villages where return farmers live at least 10 people were selected according as cooperation of the local governments through literature by considering the area of the whole country. The return farmers in target villages were conducted a face to face survey with village headman's pre-coordination from February to September 2013. A total of 94 surveys were performed and 87 copies were used in the analysis. According to the results, the most important factor influenced the decision to be a return farmer was "my family health(3.97)". The correlation analysis was performed to examine factors related with satisfaction of "return farmer life in general". The result showed that "change of physical health" was the most important correlativity with 0.544 correlation coefficient and 0.05 significant level and "family relationship" was followed with 0.424 correlation coefficient and 0.05 significant level. According to the "important factor for the successful return-farmer life", 42.7% of respondents chose "harmonious relationships with local residents" and "stable source of income" was chosen by 29.3% of residents. A questionnaire for the analysis of policy requirements showed that "education system related Forestry(Agriculture)" was the highest demand with 4.oo points. The result can be used as a basis for establishing policies with activation of mountain villages to attract to constantly increasing population of return farmers.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.659-682
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• 2015

This study was conducted to suggest ideal management system for organic materials. As the performing method of the study, surveyed results on understanding of related persons (organic farmer 846, organic materials manufacture 70 and Organic materials Auditors 7) with eco-friendly farming were used. And the opinion on unintentional pollution source contained in organic materials was surveyed additionally. The issues pointed out by organic farmers on product of organic materials were high price (60% to total), poor efficacy (16%), disorder on distribution system (13%) and containing chemicals as a pesticide (10%). And notification system for organic materials was accepted in general (positive and so so 76%) while most interviewees preferred (89%) unification of certification system dominantly. As unintentional contamination source, pollution on imported row material was indicated as major reason, and other causes were confirmed as insertion during manufacturing process, agricultural by-products using as product additive et al. Based on these surveyed results, authors suggest bellows as considerable methods for effective improvement of management system on organic material. First, establish new integrated certification system which contains standard of quality certification and notification system on organic material. Second, for evaluation of efficacy, apply relative evaluation system of significance such as Duncan's multiple test instead of existing absolute evaluation system. Third, constitute and operate selection of standard comparison subcommittee in organic Agro-materials committee in RDA.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.33-37
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• 2019

From 2016 to 2018, approximately 15% of kohlrabi were observed displaying significant clubroot symptoms in farmer's fields in Jeju, Korea. The initial infection appeared as hypertrophy of root hairs, and as the disease progressed, galls formation occurred on the main roots, finally disease progress resulted in yellowing and wilting of leaves. Pathogenicity was proven by artificial inoculation of plants with resting spore suspension, fulfilling Koch's postulates. The resting spore is one-celled, spherical and subspherical, colorless, and $3-5{\mu}m$ in diameter. On the basis of the morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer rDNA, the causal agent was identified as Plasmodiophora brassicae. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the occurrence of P. brassicae on kohlrabi in Korea.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.1651-1659
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• 2017

Objective: Lao PDR's recent accession to the World Trade Organization necessitates a greater understanding of the patterns and risk of livestock production in order to better align national policy with the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures. This eco-health study was conducted to improve understanding of the interrelations between market chains and zoonotic infection risks at two strategic cross border points between Lao PDR, Thailand and Viet Nam. Methods: Information gained from smallholder farmer/trader interviews was integrated with serological surveys for pig-associated zoonoses-including hepatitis E virus (HEV), Taenia solium (T. solium) and trichinella-to identify potential linkages between disease risk and pig production and slaughter in low input systems common across the country. Results: Trichinella and HEV exposure was high in both humans and pigs in both study areas, significantly associated with pig slaughter and the subsequent consumption and handling of raw pork products. T. solium demonstrated a strong geographical and ethnic association with the northern study area bordering Vietnam. With the right knowledge and accessible, affordable inputs, the majority of smallholder farmers indicated a willingness to invest more in pig production, which could simultaneously improve livelihoods and decrease exposure to HEV, Trichinella, and T. solium through increased access to formal markets and an improved slaughter processes. Conclusion: The linkages identified when assessing disease risk in the context of potential economic and cultural drivers of transmission highlight the importance of a systems-based approach for the detection and control of zoonotic disease, and contributes to an improved understanding of the Lao PDR livestock sector.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.1-17
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• 2003

Populus species have been as a model species in tree breeding and we have enormous varieties resulting from the poplar breeding because of their fast growth performance and short rotation age. New varieties developed in Korea are common italian poplar(P euramericana, I-214, I-476), P euramericana“Eco 28”(Italian poplar No.1) and p. deltoides“Lux”(Italian poplar No.2), which were introduced from foreign countries. As hybrid polars, Hyun-Sasi(p. alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa No.1, No.2, No.3, No4.), P. nigra x P. maximowiczii and P. koreana x P. nigra val. italica, were developed, and P. davidiana was selected as the result of selection breeding The total plantation areas covered with the new varieties are 935,162ha that include 745,773ha of P. euramericana, 184,636ha of P. alba x P. glandulosa, and other new varieties are 4,735ha. The new poplars are contributed to increase farmer's income as well as bare land tree-planting in Korea. The technologies associated with the poplar species were developed, such as the determination of optimum site for new the poplar species, the crossing method between incompatible poplar species, and the vegetative mass propagation. In the future, poplar species will be considered for phytoremediation species at contaminated areas such as landfill sites or with lives stock's waste water as well as wood production, a shade tree like road-side tree and public park tree.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.371-381
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• 2023

The effectiveness of plant-based attractants was studied using large traps, which attracted relatively more snails in agricultural water drainage ditches and rice-cultivating environments, although their effectiveness in rice fields and lakes was limited. The rate began to rise after three hours of observation. Watermelon peel exhibited the highest apple snail attraction rate (13.8%), followed by potatoes (10.0%), and apple peel (8.8%). These values significantly differed from the attraction rate attributed to papaya leaves (F=3.84; P=0.0387). After 24 h, watermelon peel and apple peel indicated a higher rate of attraction (23.4% and 21.7%, respectively), which were significantly different compared with those of papaya leaves and potatoes (F=9.94; P=0.00455). Large bait traps outperformed funnel traps in capturing golden apple snails and trapped a significant number of snails measuring over 1 cm in size. Watermelon peel was the most effective attractant for a large bait trap, followed by apple peel, potatoes, and papaya leaves. On average, 110 snails were captured in the lure net. However, potatoes, apple peels, and papaya leaves caught an average of 93, 80, and 79 snails, respectively. Among the attractants, the lure effect of the snails was not significantly different. The efficiency of large bait traps in capturing snails, regardless of the plant attractant employed, followed the order: apple peel > watermelon peel and potatoes > papaya leaves > melon > Korean melon. Watermelon peel is highly recommended for farmer use, as well as apple peel and potatoes. Utilizing these snail attractants may contribute positively to developing a safe and environment-friendly integrated pest management strategy.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2016

Recently, bacterial angular leaf spot disease, caused by Xanthomonas fragariae, causes severe damage in strawberry production and its' export to other countries, since the pathogen has been classified as an A2 quarantine pathogen. Typical the Angular Leaf Spot (ALS) disease represent that water-soaked angular spots symptoms, bacteria ooze exudate under relatively high humidity condition and later the spot become reddish brown on the leaf surface. The pathogen disseminated by irrigation water, infected mother plant and farmer's hand. In this study, we reported that rubbing inoculation method showed more effective in the pathogen dissemination than infiltration with needles, regardless the strawberry cultivars. Additionally, Dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) treatment in commercial strawberry fields provided reliable efficiency to reduce the bacterial angular leaf spot disease incidency and severity.