• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.166-178
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• 2023

Undeniably, endothelial cells (EC) contribute to the maintenance of the homeostasis of the organism through modulating cellular physiology, including signaling pathways, through the release of highly active molecules as well as the response to a myriad of extrinsic and intrinsic signaling factors. Review the data from the current literature on the EC role in norm and disease. Endothelium maintains a precise balance between the released molecules, where EC dysfunction arises when the endothelium actions shift toward vasoconstriction, the proinflammatory, prothrombic properties after the alteration of nitric oxide (NO) production and oxidative stress. The functions of the EC are regulated by the negative/positive feedback from the organism, through EC surface receptors, and the crosstalk between NO, adrenergic receptors, and oxidative stress. More than a hundred substances can interact with EC. The EC dysfunction is a hallmark in the emergence and progression of vascular-related pathologies. The paper concisely reviews recent advances in EC (patho) physiology. Grasping EC physiology is crucial to gauge their potential clinical utility and optimize the current therapies as well as to establish novel nanotherapeutic molecular targets include; endothelial receptors, cell adhesion molecules, integrins, signaling pathways, enzymes; peptidases.

• Proceedings of the Korea Database Society Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.499-507
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• 1999

CALS/EC의 도입ㆍ활용은 생산 및 유통비용의 감축과 업무처리시간 단축 및 조직간 정보교환의 원활화를 통해 산업 및 국가경쟁력 향상에 기여하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이제 제조업이나 서비스업을 막론하고 세계화의 추세에 맞춰 국제적으로 경쟁력을 갖춘 기업으로 성장하기 위해서는 CALS/EC의 도입이 필수적으로 요구되고 있다. 우리나라와 같은 CALS/EC 후발국의 입장에서 볼 때, CALS/EC 도입 환경이 제대로 성숙되어 있지 못한 채 구체적인 도입 유형 및 방법론 등에 대한 연구가 취약하여 도입 관련 의사결정에 많은 어려움을 겪고 있는 실정이다. 결국 CALS/EC 도입 의사결정에 수반된 도입 목적의 파악 및 효과 측정방안, 대상요소기술의 선택, 적용 대상분야의 산정 등에 관한 구체적인 대안제시가 실무적으로 요구되고 있다. 본 연구는 위와 같은 문제점을 인식하고, CALS/EC 도입과 관련된 의사결정을 위한 기반연구를 수행함에 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 CALS/EC가 그 유형별로 고유한 특성이 존재한다는 전제하에 우선 CALS/EC의 유형별 분류체계 정립을 시도하였으며 각 유형의 차별성을 부각하는 유형별 특성 모형을 개발 제시하였다. 다만 본 연구의 결과물을 근거로 수립될 구체적인 유형별 도입방법 및 절차는 후속연구에서도 다루기로 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 1999.03a
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• pp.499-507
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• 1999

CALS/EC의 도입·활용은 생산 및 유통비용의 감축과 업무처리시간 단축 및 조직간 정보교환의 원활화를 통해 산업 및 국가경쟁력 향상에 기여하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이제 제조업이나 서비스업을 막론하고 세계화의 추세에 맞춰 국제적으로 경쟁력을 갖춘 기업으로 성장하기 위해서는 CALS/EC의 도입이 필수적으로 요구되고 있다. 우리 나라와 같은 CALS/EC 후발국의 입장에서 볼 때, CALS/EC 도입 환경이 제대로 성숙되어 있지 못한 채 구체적인 도입 유형 및 방법론 등에 대한 연구가 취약하여 도입 관련 의사결정에 많은 어려움을 겪고 있는 실정이다. 결국 CALS/EC 도입 의사결정에 수반된 도입 목적의 파악 및 효과 측정방안, 대상요소기술의 선택, 적용 대상분야의 산정 등에 관한 구체적인 대안제시가 실무적으로 요구되고 있다. 본 연구는 위와 같은 문제점을 인식하고, CALS/EC 도입과 관련된 의사결정을 위한 기반연구를 수행함에 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 CALS/EC가 그 유형별로 고유한 특성이 존재한다는 전제하에 우선 CALS/EC의 유형별 분류체계 정립을 시도하였으며 각 유형의 차별성을 부각하는 유형별 특성 모형을 개발 제시하였다. 다만 본 연구의 결과물을 근거로 수립될 구체적인 유형별 도입방법 및 절차는 후속연구에서도 다루기로 한다.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.21
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• pp.271-297
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• 2007

Since B2C EC websites not only become a valuable channel for selling goods to customers and for communicating with the potential clients, but also offer companies an important vehicle for attaining competitive advantages in the new digital economy, the design and content of website must reflect its business goals and customers' needs. However, as little empirical evidence on the effect of B2C EC website contribution of firm performance exist, the functionality of B2C EC website has been decided voluntarily from its business experience. Hence, there has been a call for a rigorous empirical studies to examine the function level of an B2C EC website application. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the function level of B2C EC website and its performance considering the characteristics of B2C EC strategy as moderating variable. 125 questionnaires from internet shopping malls which sell physical goods direct to an individual end consumer were collected. The results showed that four factors(price, product recognition, reliability enhancement, and purchase confidence) affect positive effects on the performance of shopping mall, and the characteristics of B2C EC strategy can be considered as a significant moderating variable between price factor and the performance of shopping mall.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.467-472
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• 2017

There is increasing interest in developing flavor-enriched concentrate using byproducts of skipjack tuna Ktsuwonus pelamis as a replacement for commercial beef bone extract concentrate (CBB-EC). This study was compared on sanitary and nutritional characteristics between skipjack tuna frame extract concentrate (ST-EC) and CBB-EC as a control of skipjack tuna frame extract concentrate. The moisture contents of CBB-EC and ST-EC 41.4-4.9% and 45.3%, respectively. The results of viable cell counts and E. coli assays suggested that CBB-EC and ST-EC is a safe and sanitary for use in food. There were no differences in peroxide values among CBB-ECs. The total amino acid contents in CBB-EC and ST-EC were 25.6-29.3 g/100 g and 37.9 g/100 g, respectively, and the major amino acids present glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine and arginine. Regardless of kinds of the mineral, mineral contents of ST-EC higher than those of CBB-EC. The major fatty acids were 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1n-9 in CBB-EC, 16:0, 18:1n-9 and 22:6n-3 in ST-EC. These results can be used as background information to develop flavor-enriched concentrates from byproducts of skipjack tuna as replacement for CBB-EC.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.37-40
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• 1972

Experiments were carried out to control white-tip nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi Christie, during the period just before transplanting. The experimental results were summarized as fellows: 1: From a 12-hr to a 24-hr sled-soaking application into 500 times dilutions of Malathion $80\%$ Ec, Sumithion $50\%$ EC and Lebaycid $50\%$ EC were highly effective than other emulsifierble concentrations of chemicals. 2) The water surface application of PSP-204 $5\%$ G, Diazinon $3\%$ G, Nemagon $20\%$ G and Terracurr-P $5\%$ G were effective. 3: Root·dipping application of Sumithion $50\%$ Ec, Lebaycid $50\%$ Ec and Nemagon $80\%$ Ec were more effective chemicals than others.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 1995

Embryogenic cell (EC) suspension cultures derived from mature seed-embryo of rice (Oryza sativa L cv. Kye Hwa) were used for the expression patterns of isozyme and enzyme activity. EC suspension cultures were composed of cells that were densely cytoplasmic, potentially embryogenic. However, nonembryogenic cell (NEC) cultures were composed of large, elongated and vacuolated cells. These cells were analyzed for the isozyme pattern and enzyme activity of EC and NEC. Isozyme patterns of peroxidase, esterase, acid phosphatase and malate dehydrogenase exhibited striking difference in the total number of bands, specificity and intensity of band. Also, these isozymes showed very high activity in the EC. Specific band, band activity and higher enzyme activity of isozyme in EC was absent or low in NEC, which may indicate an association of these specific isozymes with morphological characterization and totipotency of embryogenic cells. These results indicate that specific pattern and activity of enzyme in EC could probably be used as a biochemical marker of EC in rice.n rice.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.4D
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• pp.553-560
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• 2008

As it was developed to korea standard of the CAD Drawing in Construction CALS/EC for the productivity Improvement in Construction Industry and efficiency rising of construction management. it is high time to design the standard system in water resources. The purpose of this study is to establish the strategies for standard system of drawing information in water Resources parts for construction CALS/EC. This study is to analyse the existing construction drawing standards including CMS, CMMS, drawing guideline of a water Resources public institution, ISO, US National CAD Standard, Japanese Standard. As a result of the analysis, this study proposes the prime structure of the water Resources drawing information standard to support construction CALS/EC. For the establishment of standard system in real practice, this study establishes the numbering system to joint the current standard system for a water Resources order institution and to keep construction CALS/EC. In conclusion, the standard system of drawing information is proposed as a fundamental frame to water Resources parts of construction CALS/EC.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.501-504
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• 2001

The effect of soil EC on tissue morphology of leaf and shoot tip in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Euinchim-baekdadagi) seedlings was investigated. Number of trichomes on leaf upper epidermis increased with the increase in soil EC from 1.0 to $3.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, but the shape and number of stomata on lower epidermis remained unchanged. Epidermal cells of cucumbers grown in EC $1.5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ soil was occupied mostly by large vacuole whereas those grown in EC $3.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ soil were filled with a nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast and other micro-organelles. Sponge parenchima cells were also larger and contained fewer chloroplasts at EC $1.5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ than those grown at EC $3.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. Leaf thickness decreased at high EC and the color of epidermal cells became significantly darker on the photograph of optical microscope. Normal tissue differentiation was greatly suppressed in plants grown in soils with $3.5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ or higher EC.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.712-718
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• 2000

The alkali extraction of anticoagulant from a clove revealed 3-to 6-fold more effective than hot-water extraction. The highest anticoagulant activity was found with 0.1 N NaOH at 7$0^{\circ}C$. The anticoagulant fractions from a clove, EC-2B and EC-2C were separated by alkali extraction, ethanol precipitation, cetavlon treatment, and ultrafiltration. The anticoagulant activities of these two fractions were, respectively, 6.57 and 8.63 times higher than those extracted with hot-water. As of the sensory evaluation, boiled pork added with EC-2B fraction revealed similar sensory acceptability to raw clove material, while EC-2C fraction had low sensory acceptability due to a mild chemical odor. Antibacterial characteristics against pathogenic microorganism of both fractions were confirmed in the control strain. The inhibitory effect of growth by EC-2B was noticed above 0.016% in S. aureus. Also, EC-2C showed the inhibitory effect at 0.004% in both E. cole and S. aureus control strains.