• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.57-66
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• 2012

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of nutritional knowledge on food habits of male employees in Korea. A questionnaire was developed and distributed to 265 male employees of Seoul and Kyunggi area in Korea. The data were analyzed by t-test and ANOVA using SPSS (ver 12.0). Regarding the general aspects of subjects, the highest percent of ages were between the age 21-30 year old. Most respondents were graduates from a university. About twenty percent of male employees' average income was 1-2 million won per month. Most of their families were nuclear families. Eighty three percent of the respondents did not experience any education on nutrition and obtained food and nutritional information from television and internet. The respondents had a high level of perceived knowledge (86.2%); yet, the accuracy of knowledge was lower than the perceived knowledge (72.31%). Regarding the nutritional knowledge, single groups showed a lower score than married groups and groups living with family. Higher nutritional knowledge correlated with higher educational levels, among man in their twenties and thirties. With regards to their eating habits, the frequency of food intake within a weekly period was significantly different; a large percentage of respondents had high frequencies of instant food, alcohol consumption, and smoking. The higher scores regarding dietary habits were for age groups ranging from 41-60 year old, married individuals, nuclear family groups and educational groups with university degrees. Based on the results of this study, male employees have problem concerning food habits in that they are unbalanced and have a tendency to skip meals. Therefore, for the improvement of nutritional status and eating behavior of male employees, the importance of nutrition needs to be emphasized with proper nutritional education programs.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.183-196
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• 2019

Objectives: College is an important time for students to establish their identity as an independent subjects and develop a foundation to maintain a healthy adulthood. However, after female students become college students, their eating habits are likely to become more irregular and they may experience various health problems because of excessive weight control. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the dietary behaviors and blood clinical indices of female college students by residence types. Methods: A total of 374 subjects were classified as home group, self-boarding group or boarding group according to residence type. Dietary habits, frequency of food intake, and eating attitudes were examined through questionnaires and anthropometric measurements and blood clinical indices were analyzed. Results: The meal most frequently skipped by female college students was breakfast, and the frequency of skipping breakfast was significantly lower in the home group than other groups. Most college students recognized that their eating habits had worsened since becoming college students, with the self-boarding group in particular feeling that their eating habits changed negatively. The consumption frequencies of protein foods, fruits, dairy products, seaweed, and fatty meats were significantly lower in the self-boarding group than other groups. The home group ate food cut into smaller pieces, while the self-boarding group tried new and rich foods. Residence types did not affect blood clinical indices. Conclusions: The self-boarding group had inadequate dietary habits compared to the home group. Although residence type did not affect the blood clinical indices, the students still had poor dietary habits. Therefore, proper nutrition education is needed to improve the nutritional status of college students, especially those that self-board.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.626-633
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• 2007

This study was conducted to determine the eating habits of obese elementary school students residing in Iksan city, in June 2006 using 1167 participants(obese: 233, normal weight: 934). The results are summarized as follows. The average age was 12 years-old in both the obese and normal weight groups. The average BMI, ideal body weight and obesity index in the obese and normal weight groups were $24.8kg/m^2$, 39.8 kg, and 32.5% and $18.2kg/m^2$, 37.7 kg and -1.4%, respectively. Regarding the number of subject who acknowledged their physical build, the obese group was highest(88.9%) in stating obese or extremely obese, while the normal group was highest(71.5%) in stating they were normal weight. For the frequency of eating breakfast, the obese group the results were: "eating it everyday"(69.1%) and $"3{\sim}4\;times/week"$ (13.7%), while in the normal weight group, the highest response was "eating it everyday"(75%) and the lowest response was "never eat it"(4.1%). In terms of having breakfast with someone, there were slight differences for eating alone between the obese group(17.4%) and normal group(12.4%) and also between the obese group(19.6%) and normal group (39.6%) for eating with parents. There were considerable gaps in the association of eating habits with weight such as having irregular meals in the obese group(52.4%) and having regular meals in the normal group(61.1%). The frequency of having snacks was different by the rate of obesity, where 65.9% of the obese group, and 57.8% of the normal group had snacks more than once. There were significant differences in the practice of controlling intake with the obese group at 77.3% and the normal group at 36.3%. There were high numbers regarding eating more than average in stressful times for both the obese group(10.3%) and normal group(7.7%). The results of this study show the prevalence of obesity in Iksan, and proper nutrition education is currently needed. Moreover, the greater the level of obesity, the higher the frequency of skipping breakfast, eating alone, and eating irregular meals, and the more experience in attempting to control weight. To resolve the problems triggered by inappropriate food habits, proper food and eating methods to control weight should be included in nutrition education programs for elementary students.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.578-588
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• 2004

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of nutrition education program on nutrition knowledge, eating behaviors, food habit, nutrient intakes in obese children and their parents who live in Gumi city. The subjects were 16 obese boys, 20 obese girls with obesity index over 130% and 36 of their parents. The nutrition education for the subjects was carried out by the professional personnel such as doctors, professors, and dietitians. The children were provided with well-balanced lunch meals and had 40 min-lectures on the reasonable weight management, 40 min-games and also had regular exercises (stretching, swimming) for 90 mins everyday during 2 weeks of the program. The parents had 90 min-lectures on childhood obesity, diet therapy, behavior modification, and exercise for 6 times. The nutrition knowledge, eating behaviors and food habits were surveyed by using questionnaires before and after the education. The nutrition intakes of the children were surveyed before and after the education by 3-day food record method. The nutrition intakes of the parents were surveyed before and after the education by using semi-quantity questionnaires. After the education, the mean nutrition knowledge scores were significantly improved compared with the pretest scores in both children and parents. After the education, all subjects' eating behaviors were significantly changed positively and calorie and carbohydrates intakes were significantly decreased and vit. C was significantly increased in obese children. The food habits of the parents were significantly improved after the education. These findings show that the well-designed nutrition education program for obese children and their parents can be an effective approach to help them to improve their nutrition knowledge and to establish desirable food habits and eating behaviors.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.529-535
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• 1999

This study was aimed to evaluate any influence food habits food intake freqyuency and factors associated hair conditions. The subjects of this study consisted of 291 female college students in Chung Ju. Questionnaires were completed by them Eating habits of subjects was irregular and hair type was not good generally hair glossy was most Who had hair trouble. The relationship between hair type and eating habits was not significant. But the rate of hair troubles, fallen hair, white hair, glossy were lower at the fish and soybean intake frequency to increasrd.(p<0.05) The drinking trime of coffee(p<0.01) and alcoholic beverage(p<0.05) per day was significant negative correlation with hair growth.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.192-199
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the structural relationship between eating habits, physical activity, and subjective health perception, which can affect the mental health status of adolescents, and to examine whether subjective health perception has a mediating effect in these relationships. In this study, raw data from the "17th 2021 Youth Health Behavior Online Survey" were used, and a total of 1,998 people were used for the analysis of Gangwon-do adolescents, except for data with missing values. For analysis, SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 25.0 programs were used to analyze descriptive statistics, t-test, and structural equation models(SEM). Physical activity was found to have a positive and significant effect on mental health status, and subjective health cognition showed the effect of physical activity mediating mental health status.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.307-322
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• 2008

This study was carried out to examine dietary habits, food frequency and dietary attitudes by gender and nutrition knowledge level in upper-grade school children. Subjects were 223 boys and 208 girls attending 13 elementary schools (5 th and 6 th graders). A self-administered questionnaire was developed to assess nutrition knowledge, dietary habits, food frequency, and dietary attitudes. Nutrition knowledge score assessed by 19 questions was significantly higher in girls than in boys. There were significant differences between boys and girls in several items in dietary habits such as enough breakfast time, dinner regularity, number of side dishes, eating speed, type of snack after dinner, and degree of saltiness of dishes. Girls consumed staple foods such as rice, noodles or bread more frequently, and consumed less frequently ramyun, fried foods, fast foods, and Chinese foods than boys. In addition, girls had more positive dietary attitudes in trying to reduce fast foods, Chinese foods, ramyun and fried foods. Also children in the high or moderate nutrition knowledge level groups had better dietary habits in frequency of meals, frequency of breakfast, enough breakfast time, dinner regularity, activity during the meal, number of side dishes, eating speed, type of snack after dinner, and better food choices by eating staple foods and vegetable side dishes, meats and beans more frequently, and fried foods, doughnuts/cakes, Chinese foods less frequently, and had better dietary attitudes in breakfast, vegetables and fruit intake than children in the low nutrition knowledge level group. Our results showed that dietary habits, food frequency and dietary attitudes were different by gender and nutrition knowledge level. These results suggest that in developing nutrition education program for elementary school children, the differences between gender and nutrition knowledge level should be considered. Nutrition education in elementary schools may change dietary habits and dietary attitudes through increasing nutrition knowledge.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.46-58
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to compare the nutrition intakes and factors related to dietary behaviors according to age in female. The subjects included 579 females aged 15 - 59 years. This survey was conducted using a selfadministered questionnaire to obtain data about eating behaviors, living habits, eating disorders by EAT-26 (Eating Attitude Test-26), and nutrition knowledge. In younger women aged 15 - 20 years, the living habits related to health such as smoking, drinking and exercising were undesirable. In addition, the younger women group had significantly higher levels of skipping meals and frequency of eating snacks compared to the older women group and their eating times were not regular. And they showed a lower score of health eating index by mini dietary assessment (MDA). Although, all age groups consumed energy, Ca, Fe, and thiamin below the Korean RDA; especially, in adolescent, Ca intakes ($67.1\%$ RDA) were extremely low. In addition, mean score of EAT-26 was significantly higher in young women aged 15 - 29 years than older women. Also, they had rather lower levels of accuracy and perception for nutrition knowledge compared to older age group. These results suggested that Korean adolescent had undesirable nutritional intakes and attitude, and nutrition knowledge, indicating inadequate eating behaviors. These poor dietary behaviors can affect the health status. Therefore, the nutrition counseling and education to help people to have correct nutrition knowledge and to form better eating habits needs to be established.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.283-295
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• 2008

The slimness favored trend made students shape up body image by weight control using restrained eating. Many students especially female ones tend to be in eating disorder status. The aim of this study was to find the relation between weight, eating habits and dietary self efficacy in the selected middle school girl students group with high risk eating disorder (7.9%) and the one with low risk eating disorder (24.1%). This study was conducted by EAT-26 questionnaire method and all the data was analyzed by SAS (Statistical Analysis System) program. The results were as follows; The physical condition of eating disorder students (159.5cm height, 50.7kg weight and 97.4% PIBW) was higher and bigger than that of normal students(158.2 cm, 47.2 kg, and 92.6% PIBW). Weight control experience in the high risk group (69.4%) was significantly more frequent than normal group (p<0.001). The gap between actual body weight and desired weight was higher in high risk eating disorder group than in normal group (p<0.001). Dietary self-efficacy score of middle school female students in the high risk eating disorder group was high when they were in temper, in confusion, and after argument. However, when they were in cooking (p<0.01), with friends (p<0.05), in assembling dishes (p<0.01), and with family (p<0.05) the dietary self-efficacy score of high risk group was lower than that of normal group. In the high risk eating disorder group, eating speed was often faster (p<0.05) and overeating rate (p<0.01) was higher than in normal group. In general, EAT-26 score was correlated positively with gap weight, but negatively correlated with dietary self efficacy score(p<0.01). Gap weight and dietary self efficacy were significantly different in normal group. however, there was no relation in high risk eating disorder group. Under the circumstance of high risk eating disorder, as weight and dietary self efficacy did not affect the relation with eating disorder score, when it is determined as eating disorder some other factors besides weight and diet self efficacy seem to affect the eating disorder score. In conclusion, the factors related with eating disorder were gap weight and some items of dietary self efficacy. Thus, correct understanding of healthy weight and dietary self efficacy enhancement require the development of nutrition education contents and the practice of nutrition education.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2023

This study examined changes in dietary life and dietary life satisfaction in one-person households during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a sample of 916 one-person households from the Food Consumption Behavior Survey, we applied ANOVA and a system of equations model for our analysis which produced four main results. Firstly, during the COVID-19 pandemic, eating homemade and delivered meals increased, whereas eating restaurant, group, and HMR meals decreased. Eating breakfast and regular eating habits also increased during the pandemic. Secondly, approximately 30% of the sample reported increased expenditure on fresh food and HMR meals. The proportion of positive changes in dietary life was also greater than negative changes, and dietary life satisfaction was about three times higher than it had been before the pandemic. Thirdly, having breakfast and regular eating fully mediated the relationship between spending on fresh food and dietary life satisfaction, as well as the relationship between HMR purchases and dietary life satisfaction. Changes in expenditure on fresh food and HMR meals positively affected dietary life satisfaction through eating breakfast and regular eating. Fourthly, increased consumption of delivered food had a positive direct effect on dietary life satisfaction. Among sociodemographic variables, gender, education, occupation, and age were also significantly related to changes in dietary life satisfaction.