• 한국보건간호학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.415-430
• /
• 2000

From March 10 to April 3, 1999. questionnaires were sent to 157 students at an university located in Hongsong. South Choongchung Province in order to find out their eating habits and exercise patterns. The analysis of the questionnaires collected reveals the followings. 1. Eating Habits 1) 76 out of total 157 respondents (48.4%) said that they skipped breakfast. The significant difference was shown in the frequency of breakfast eating based on respondents' sex. Male students had higher rate of going without breakfast (73.92%) than their female counterparts (28.41%). 2) Most respondents finished eating their meals within 20 minutes. with 58.5% spending 10 to 20 minutes. followed by 28.0% taking less than 10 minutes. 3) With respect to the frequency of eating snacks. 1 to 2 times per day came on top with 63.7%. Significant difference was shown based on sex. with male students having more frequent snacks than female students. 40.1% of those surveyed said they ate snacks because they were either bored or hungry, respectively, 67.5% took snacks after school followed by 23.6% who had snacks after dinner. 4) Concerning the frequency of taking food. 1 to 2 times per week recorded the highest mark for beta-carotine. fruits. fish. beans. milk. seaweeds and fries. As for vegetables. 6 to 7 times a week received the highest points. Males showed significantly higher frequency of taking fruits than females. while the opposite was true for beans. 5) More than 50% of the respondents chose rice and fruits as the food they could eat really well. All those surveyed ate fruits and vegetables. More than 10% of students said they did not eat donut. chocolate. candies. fries. coke and clear carbonated beverage. milk. ham and sausage. The food that revealed significant difference based on sex included ramyon, coke and clear carbonated beverages, ham and sausage, yogurt and milk, with males showing greater preference than their female counterparts. 6) The most preferred by respondents was spicy taste (49.04%), followed by sour (36.31%), sweet (25.48%), and salty tastes(21.1%). Those surveyed shunned sweet taste the most (21.02%), followed by sour (14.65%), spicy (8.92%), salty (5.10%) tastes. 2. Workout Patterns 1) 14.01% of the respondents said they took exercise. Based on sex, males showed significantly higher rate of 21.74% than 7.95% of females. Those who took exercise did so mostly three times a week. With regard to the time spent on workout. 'within 2 hours' received the highest points. Soccer was found to be the most popular sport among the respondents. The above analysis demonstrated that the students surveyed selected relatively sound answers in the categories of the food preference and taste. However. some skipped breakfast and liked eating snacks. and most did not take exercise, which may raise health problems including the weight increase. Therefore, ways should be devised to tackle such problems to ensure healthy lives.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.563-576
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate night-time eating habits, and dietary habit and nutrient intake of university students in a particular area of Chungnam. We surveyed night-time eating status, frequency, and preference for eating foods at night in 458 university students. We divided the subjects into two groups according to their night-time eating habits and gender and compared dietary behavior, lifestyle, and nutrient intake between the groups. In total, 77.1% of the students ate a night-time snack. The major reason why they ate a night-time snack was hunger. The cost of the night-time snacks was 3,000~10,000 won and they ate mostly with their friends. The order of frequent night-time eating foods was beverage, milk and its products, snacks, flour foods, and fruits. The subjects with a night-time eating habit skipped breakfast, went to bed late, and drank alcohol more than subjects without a night-time eating habit. Total and animal fat intake of subjects with a night-time eating habit in both men and women were significantly higher than subjects without a night-time eating habit. In conclusion, night-time eating by university students may be a bad habit from the viewpoint of skipping breakfast, drinking alcohol, and eating a high fat diet. Therefore, in support of proper dietary management, it is necessary to form positive dietary habits, including night-time eating.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제33권5호
• /
• pp.55-70
• /
• 2015

The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of personality style and emotional dysregulation on female adolescents' eating attitude, and the mediating effect of emotional dysregulation on the relationship between personality style and eating attitude. For this research, questionnaires on personality style, emotional dysregulation and eating attitude were administered to 1370 female high school students based in Seoul. Among 1370 questionnaires collected, 1239 were selected and statistically analyzed by frequency analysis, Pearson's correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and stepwise multiple regression analysis using SPSS Win 21.0. The main findings of the study are as follows: First, according to female adolescents' BMI, the level of their eating attitude differed significantly. Second, according to female adolescents' BMI, female adolescents' personality style and emotional dysregulation were found to affect their eating attitude significantly. Third, emotional dysregulation had a mediating effect on the relationship between female adolescents' personality style and eating attitude. To be more specific, for the normal weight group of female adolescents, emotional dysregulation was found to have a partial mediating effect on the relationship between sociotropy and eating attitude, and a full mediating effect on the relationship between autonomy and eating attitude. On the contrary, for the overweight and obese groups of female adolescents, emotional dysregulation was found to have a full mediating effect on the relationship between sociotropy and eating attitude, and a partial mediating effect on the relationship between autonomy and eating attitude. The results of the study show the ways in which personality and emotional traits contribute to female adolescents' eating attitude according to their BMI, and provide useful information for treatment of adolescents' eating disorder in clinical settings.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.209-221
• /
• 2023

This study aimed to provide fundamental data that could guide high school students' night eating behavior by investigating habits of their night eating consumption during COVID-19 pandemic (From 2021/5/13 to 5/20). Association between their eating habits and the Nutrition Quotient for Korean Adolescents (NQ-A) were also explored. This study included a total of 604 students, among whom 441 students were identified as night eating consumers. Among all subjects, 30.5% consumed night eating 3~4 times a week, 27.3% consumed 1-2 times a week, and 27.0% did not consume any night eating at all. The high-night eating group had a higher score of total NQ-A than the non-night eating group for both male (p<0.05) and female (p<0.001) students. This was because male students in the high-night eating group reported significantly higher rates of daily dinner consumption compared to non-night eating group. Furthermore, both male (p<0.05) and female (p<0.001) students showed a significant increase in 'Moderation'. 'Diversity' was also significantly increased in female studies (p<0.05) as subcategories of dietary habits according to night eating frequency. These findings highlight the need for practical research to develop nutritional guidelines for night eating that reflect preferences of students while providing adequate nutritional habits.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제1권4호
• /
• pp.313-320
• /
• 2007

This study sought to compare intake levels of major dish items and food groups between normal and obese Korean children in order to understand obesity-related eating behaviors. The study was also conducted to apply the information on the differences in major dish items and food groups found in this study to development of a brief food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for children's obesity-related eating behaviors. Finally, the developed FFQ was evaluated for reliability. A total of 290, 24-hour dietary recall data from 9-11 year-old normal or obese participants in the 2001 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were reviewed to identity dish items and food groups showing outstanding differences between the normal and obese groups. Based on the level of intake amount between the two groups, a total of 7 items, including ddeokbokggi, spaghetti, ham roast, pork cutlet, dairy products & ices, kimchi, and fruits, were selected to be included in the FFQ. The former 5 items were seen to be consumed more in the obese group, while the latter 2 items were so in the normal group. The questionnaire was formatted into a frequency response section of a seven-category option and reference period of the last 7 days. Test-retest reliability of the developed FFQ was examined by administering it to 153, 9-11 year-old children at a public elementary school in Seoul twice at a month interval. The level of reliability was found to be reasonably high. In conclusion, this study suggests that high consumption of several high-calorie dish items and low consumption of kimchi and fruits may be important eating behaviors in relation to obesity risk among 9-11 year-old children who need nutrition educators' attention. The current study also implies that a simple FFQ can be utilized to reliably assess 9-11 year-old children's diets.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.468-478
• /
• 2014

Objectives: Intake of fruits and vegetables has protective effects against stroke attack. This study intended to examine the status of consuming fruits and vegetables and to find out which factors may influence the frequency of consumption of fruits and vegetables in individuals with a history of stroke. Methods: The data of 208 subjects from 5th (2010, 2011) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES) who reported a stroke diagnosis was used for analysis. To identify major factors influencing the consumption of fruits and vegetables, a classification-tree analysis was carried out. Results: Among those who reported a stroke diagnosis, the frequencies of consumption of fruits and vegetables were influenced by their age, place of residence (urban or rural), economic status, educational level, occupation, number of family members, frequency of eating out, and having meals (breakfast or lunch) with family members. Two factors from fruits and three factors from vegetables were generated by exploratory factor analyses. Urban residents ate fruits and vegetables more frequently in all factors than rural residents. Eating frequencies of 'seasonal fruits (orange, apple, strawberry, melon, pear and watermelon)', 'easily-accessible fruits (persimmon, tangerine, grape, peach, banana)', and 'Western-style vegetables (cabbage, mushroom, carrot, tomato, spinach)' were influenced by the socioeconomic status. Eating frequencies of 'Korean-style vegetables (bean sprout, radish leaves, pumpkin/squash, sea weed)', 'preserved vegetables (Korean cabbage, radish, laver, cucumber)' were influenced by having breakfast with family members. Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that by eating more fruits and vegetables, more preventive effects against secondary stroke attack are expected in stroke patients who live in the rural areas and who do not eat breakfast with family members. In addition, more outreach and education programs are needed for them.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제54권2호
• /
• pp.152-164
• /
• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the association between depression and eating behavior factors in Korean adults. Methods: Study subjects were selected (n = 5,103) from the participants of the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2018 and divided into depression (men, 59; women, 162) and normal groups (men, 2,083; women, 2,799). Subjects with a Patient Health Questionnaire 9 score ≥ 10 (out of 27 points) were defined as having depression. Results: A higher prevalence of depression was observed in both men and women who were unemployed (p < 0.001, p = 0.008), had lower income (both p < 0.001), poorer subjective health (both p < 0.001), and poor food safety (both p < 0.001). The prevalence of depression was higher in women with lower education levels (p = 0.008), who were unmarried (p = 0.010), smokers (p < 0.001), and in a one-person household (p = 0.001). Obese men showed a higher prevalence of depression (p = 0.009). Men who were eating alone or skipping lunch had a high prevalence of depression (p = 0.009), while women who were eating breakfast (p = 0.012), lunch (p = 0.001), and dinner (p = 0.010) alone had a high prevalence of depression. The relationship analysis between men and women according to dietary habits using logistic regression showed that, in women, after variable adjustment, skipping lunch (odds ratio [OR], 2.677; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.090-6.574), meal frequency of 2 times per day (OR, 1.658; 95% CI, 1.084-2.536), and lunch frequency of 3-4 times per week (OR, 3.143; 95% CI, 1.725-5.728) were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of depression. Conclusion: Depression in women was not only affected by more sociodemographic variables but also associated with decreased frequency of lunch and dinner, especially with skipping lunch.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.117-131
• /
• 2014

The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of self-forgiveness, the forgiveness of others, shame and guilt on female adolescents' eating attitude, and the mediating effect of shame on the relationship between self-forgiveness or the forgiveness of others and eating attitude. For this research, questionnaires on self-forgiveness, the forgiveness of others, shame, guilt and eating attitude were administered to 700 female adolescents from middle and high schools in Seoul, Incheon and Daegu. Among 683 distributed questionnaires, 640 were selected and statistically analyzed by frequency analysis, t-test, Pearson's correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and stepwise multiple regression analysis using SPSS Win 12.0. The main findings of the study are as follows: Firstly, grades had a significant influence on self-forgiveness, guilt and eating attitude. Religion was not found to have a significant influence on any of the variables. Secondly, female adolescents' self-forgiveness, the forgiveness of others and shame were found to significantly affect their eating attitude. Lastly, shame was found to have a partial mediating effect on the relationship between self-forgiveness and eating attitude.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.325-337
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate several aspects of eating out behavior especially in relation to food waste. The data were collected from 620 housewives in Jeonbuk area but, except for 134 case not eating out . The 66.9% of subjects ate eating out 1 to 2 times monthly. The younger in age, higher in education level and employed housewives, higher in monthly income have a more increase in eating out frequency. In the 50.8% of subjects food rest was rare when eating out. The higher in educational level and higher in monthly income have an inclination to more food waste. The 51.4% of subjects don't know [Good Menu System]. We housewives should order a planned and moderate food amount when eating out, and make an effort normally anywhere for the reduction of food waste, and then the wasted food and food rubbish will be reduced. Besides this, the restaurants should practice [Food Bank] & [Good Menu System] and the academic world should make further researches on this field. Moreover the government administration should enlighten the people and have a public information for the more reasonable food culture.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.380-389
• /
• 2014

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between intake experience of mother's milk intake/baby food intake, present eating habits, and atopy symptoms in elementary school students in Chungnam province. More frequent intake of mother's milk was associated with less atopy symptoms. Subjects who had good attitudes for baby food in the past had less unfavorite foods. In addition, subjects that ate fruits and vegetable-baby food had better eating attitudes for a balanced diet. Unbalanced diet was associated with worse behavior characteristics. Frequency of eating breakfast affected behavioral characteristics. As this study had regional and size limitations, it is necessary to further investigate the relationship between past intake experience of mother's milk/attitude towards baby foods and present eating habits/physical growth. Based on these results, past intake experience of mother's milk/attitude towards baby foods might affect present physical growth/development and eating habits of subjects.