• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.256-259
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• 2016

활물기생 병원성 진균류인 Puccinia zoysiae는 한국에서 한국잔디류(Zoysia spp.)에 녹병을 일으켜 피해를 준다. 그 곰팡이는 감수성 한국잔디의 잎과 줄기에 병을 일으키는 병원균들 중 하나이다. 한국잔디 녹병이 2014년과 2015년 경남 합천, 충북 음성, 경기 양주에서 발견되었다. 포장에서 한국잔디 녹병은 잎에 작은 하얀 반점으로 나타나고 갈색으로 변한 후 여름 포자가 형성되는 전형적인 증상을 나타냈다. 여름포자는 연한 갈색으로 원형 또는 타원형으로 크기는 $22.0{\sim}25.0{\times}15.0{\sim}17.5{\mu}m$의 범위였다. 채집한 여름포자로부터 들잔디에 대한 병원성이 확인되었고, 형태적인 특성을 기초로 병원균은 P. zoysiae로 동정되었다. 우리나라에서 한국잔디 녹병은 6월 중순부터 10월 중순까지 관찰되었다. 포장에서 금잔디는 들잔디에 비해 지역에 관계없이 상대적으로 저항성을 보였고, 금잔디와 들잔디 모두 계통 간에 병 반응에서 차이를 나타냈다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.203-212
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• 1986

Hypertension is one of the most well known risk factors for cerebrovascular or coronary heart disease and is a major public health problem. Early detection and treatment of hypertension are essential, but the compliance of treatment on hypertension is not easy to achive. Hypertensive workers are being detected by the annual screening under the Labour Standard Law in Korea but the solidified control system for them is not existing. This study about workers 'Motive-Belief-Action in non-drug and drug treatment of their hypertension would be worthwhile to interpret how the workers actually behave in coping with hypertension, and also would be advisable to construct the follow-up program in Korea. In the field research process two criteria were used to select sample group. The first criterion included the workers who were screened to be hypertensive with their blood pressure above 160/95 in this survey. The second one was used to classify study-group respondents who had known their hypertension by successive annual screening. From such criteria a total of 156 male workers were sampled in 21 industries, the author interviewed them using the structured questionnaire which consisted of Belief-Motive-Action items about non-drug and drug treatment for hypertension with open-ended question on symptom of hypertension. The summary is as follows: 1) Sixty-one percent of respondents had ever checked their blood pressure somewhere besides the annual screening. 2) Most respondents(97.2%) complained no symptoms of hypertension at all. 3) Belief level of non-drug treatment was relatively high (82.1%-64.7%), but motive(55.1%-28.2%) and action(38.5%-16.7%) levels were low. 4) Belief level of drug treatment was relatively lower than that of non-drug treatment, blue collar workers showed higher artier level of drug treatment than white collar workers, and correlation coefficient between belief and motive on drug treatment was lower in group of not-recognizing their family history of hypertension than recognized group. Such findings indicated that belief on drug treatment of hypertensive workers would be problematic. 5) White collar workers showed significant lower correlation coefficients between Motive and Action of salt restriction, restriction of fatty diet and relaxation than blue collar workers. 6) Mild hypertension group showed low levels of Motive and Action of non-drug treatment(salt restriction, restriction of fatty diet and relaxation) and also showed low correlation coefficient between Belief and Motive of above non-drug treatment.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.281-291
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• 2010

2009년 7~12월, 축제식 양식장에서 돌돔의 백점충 감염 조사결과, 감염률은 20.0~88.0%로 9월이 높았고 7월이 낮았다. 7, 8월에는 죽는 개체가 없었으나 9월 중순 이후에는 폐사가 발생하였다. 수온 $19.3{\sim}24.3^{\circ}C$, 용존산소 5.0~7.1 mg/L, pH 8.0~8.1, 염분 31.9~33.7psu로 폐사 발생시의 수온은 약 $24.0^{\circ}C$ 였다. 백점충 감염초기의 외부증상으로는 돌돔의 활력은 양호하였으나 체표에 점액분비로 번들거림을 확인 수 있었으며, 대량폐사가 발생한 시기인 10월에는 점액분비 과다, 꼬리지느러미 탈락 및 발적, 체표 출혈반점과 안구충혈 증상을 보였으며 유영력이 매우 저하되어 있었다. 내부증상으로 간, 장 충혈 및 비장비대 증상을 나타내었다. 백점충은 아가미의 호흡상피 아래 조직 내에 매몰되어 기생기와 자유유영기 상태였음을 확인하였다. 백점충은 7월경에 감염되어 수온 상승과 함께 사료급이량 증가와 돌돔의 빠른 성장이 백점충 증식의 호조건 조성으로 폐사가 더욱 가중된 것으로 추정되었다. 조사기간 중 간중량지수 (HSI)는 $1.9{\pm}1.1{\sim}3.5{\pm}1.7$ %로 폐사발생기인 9월에 가장 낮았으며, 11월에 가장 높았다. 백점충에 감염된 돌돔 혈액의 헤마토크릿트 값은 7, 8월에 각각 37.3%, 41.0%, 9, 10월에 각각 32.14%, 24.17%로 차이를 보였다. 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방은 7, 8월에 비해 10월에 급격한 저하를 보였고, 폐사 발생후 AST는 약 7배, ALT는 약 5배 높았다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제4권
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• pp.97-115
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• 2003

Middle and high school girl students' menstruation characteristics, appearance of menstruation dysmenorrhea, and coping with the menstruation dysmenorrhea were examined in order to give information in instructing girl students about menstruation dysmenorrhea, in delivering health education in the school, and establishing health policy. 970 girl students in middle and high schools in Cheju-do were selected and surveyed using the questionnaire the author developed based on the previous studies. The findings are as follows. First, the age of first menstruation was average $12.9{\pm}1.22$ years. The younger they were, the earlier their first menstruation came. The most common menstrual cycle was such one that continuously irregular from the beginning or that regular and irregular cycle run together. The first irregular menstrual cycle changed regular one within 1 or 2 years. Most of the respondents had normal menstrual cycle of $21{\sim}35$ days and menstruation period of $3{\sim}8$ days. Second, symptom of menstruation dysmenorrhea was orderly; hurt in the underbelly, tired, hurt in the waist, and headache. It was higher with high school students than middle school students. For the most part, time of heavy menstruation dysmenorrhea was the 2nd day after menstruation starts and period of menstruation dysmenorrhea was 2 days. More than the half of the respondents felt that the present menstruation dysmenorrhea was similar with the first one and they felt not comport in daily life due to menstruation dysmenorrhea, and 'hard to live a normal life' was higher with the high school girl students than with the middle school students. Third, how to cope with menstruation dysmenorrhea was enough sleep, relax and rest, taking a hot water shower, listening to music or watching a movie, taking medicine, and doing excercise. Few of the respondents have ever visited a doctor due to menstruation dysmenorrhea, and the reason was mostly irregular menstruation and heavy dysmenorrhea. Forth, when they took medicine due to menstruation dysmenorrhea, they gathered information on the medicine from family members and friends, while extremely low from a pharmacist or a doctor. The most of them have ever took medicine during menstruation once and took standard dose. While excess dosage was higher with high school students than with middle school students. From these findings, a good many girls are experiencing menstruation dysmenorrhea since their first menstruation. To discover early the severely abnormal findings and to treat, more interest from home and school, counseling and sexual education on time, and expert's diagnosis are necessary. Rather than unconditionally taking pain-relievers which can plainly solve the pain, continuous health education at home and in the school should be carried on for the girls to practice proper measures one think effective or an expert recommends.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.252-264
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• 2019

본 연구는 ADHD 자녀를 둔 어머니의 양육경험을 통한 본질의 의미를 탐색하여 양육 경험들을 영역과 범주로 구분하는데 목적이 있다. 연구 참여자는 12명의 ADHD 어머니를 대상으로 반 구조화된 질문지로 2~3회 심층면접을 통해 자료 수집하였다. 자료 분석은 수집된 자료를 바탕으로 현상을 기술하고 결론을 귀납적으로 도출할 수 있는 합의적 질적 연구방법(CQR)을 채택하였다. CQR을 통해 ADHD 어머니들의 다양한 경험들을 심도 있게 분석하였으며 합의 과정을 통해 12명의 사례를 종합하여 수치화하여 전체적인 패턴과 특수성을 파악하였다. 그 결과 11개의 영역들과 51개의 범주들이 도출되었다. 11개의 영역들은 'ADHD 증상에 대한 무지', 'ADHD 진단 마주하기', 'ADHD 진단 후 주변 반응', 'ADHD 진단 수용', '약물치료에 대한 양가감정', 'ADHD 진단 후 양육 감정', 'ADHD 적극적 치료 개입', '가족의지지', '사회적지지', '사회적 인식변화', '성숙한 부모'로 나타났다. 이를 통해 ADHD 아동에 대한 조기의 치료 및 개입이 중요하며 ADHD 진단 수용 및 부모교육을 통한 정확한 이해를 바탕으로 적절한 중재가 ADHD 자녀와 어머니의 삶을 긍정적으로 이끌 수 있다는 점을 시사한다. 마지막으로 이를 근거로 추후 연구를 위한 제언을 하였다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to collect and analyze the KCD codes applied to the treatment of 27 postpartum women who had been treated with Korean traditional medicine in a Korean medicine hospital, so that this study may be used as a basic data for setting the direction of postpartum Korean medical treatment research. Methods: It was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ University medical center (IRB approval number : WSOH IRB H1708-02-01). Twenty-seven postpartum women who had been treated at ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ University medical center were received outpatient treatment for two weeks (from September 27, 2017 to January 5, 2018), and the KCD codes applied to the mothers were collected after obtaining the consent. On the day of registration of the study, the fertility, obstetric history and high-risk pregnancies were identified through an interview. Results: 1. The mean age of the 27 subjects was $33.33{\pm}3.99\;years$ old. Among the subjects, 17 mothers (63.0%) were high-risk pregnancy and 10 mothers (37.0%) were normal. 2. Among the 22 major disease categories, 8 categories were used. M code (musculoskeletal system) was used 243 times (70.85%), followed by R code (unclassified symptom) of 51 times (14.87%) and U code (special purpose code) of 23 times (6.71%). 3. The most commonly used code among the ten frequently used codes was M25.57 (joint pain, ankle and foot), a total of 47 times. Of the remaining nine codes, except for R60.1 (systemic edema) and U68.4 (The deficiency of yang in Bi), all codes were M codes (musculoskeletal system). 4. The M code (musculoskeletal system) was the most used major disease category in high-risk group, a total of 159 times. But in specific categories, the most commonly used code was R60.1 (systemic edema), a total of 28 times. 5. In normal group, the M code (musculoskeletal system) was the most used major disease category, a total of 84 times. Also, in specific categories, the most commonly used code was M25.57 (joint pain, ankle and foot), total 29 times. 6. The U code, corresponding to 'the diagnosis of childbirth and other obstetrical medical use', was used 23 times (6.71%), O code three times (0.87%) and Z code two times (0.58%), which was less than 10% of the total number of codes used. Conclusion: When analyzing KCD codes related to Korean medicine treatment for postpartum diseases, it is important to select the KCD codes that reflect the actual clinical state.

• 식물병연구
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.239-249
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• 2020

2019년 국내의 사과와 배에 화상병이 크게 발생한 원인을 파악하기 위하여 화상병 발생한 30개 과원을 대상으로 각각의 발생 상황과 농가 면담을 통해 경종적 특징 등을 조사하였다. 화상병은 이미 감염된 지 2년 이상 오래 된 과원에서 대부분 발생하였는데, 이런 원인은 (1) 농가가 병 증상을 정확히 알지 못하여 농작업과 방화곤충 등을 통해 과원 내에서 퍼지게 되고, (2) 방화곤충이나 농작업자 등에 의해 처음 발생 과원에서 주변 과수원으로 확산되었고, (3) 동일 경작자 또는 공동 농작업자에 의해 근거리 또는 원거리로 확산된 것이라고 추정할 수 있다. (4) 이런 일련의 과정이 새롭게 확산된 지역에서 반복되다가 농가들이 화상병을 알게 되면서 신고가 증가한 것이 2019년 화상병 대발생의 일련의 원인이라고 추정할 수 있었다. 국내에서 화상병 확산을 최소화하기 위해서는 조기진단을 위한 철저한 농업인 교육과 무병징 식물체에서도 화상병균 진단이 가능한 정량적 검출기술이 요구되고 있다. 또한 큰 열매를 주로 생산하는 국내 재배법에 적합한 약제방제 체계 개발이 필요하다. 화상병 방제에서 가장 중요한 가지의 궤양 증상, 묘목, 양봉장 등의 전염원 관리를 위해서 과원별 병원균의 분자역학연구를 통해 정확한 확산경로를 구명할 것을 제안한다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2021

연구목적 본 연구는 우울증의 동반증상으로 알려진 인지 기능 저하가 우울증보다 선행될 수 있다는 점에 착안하여 정상인에게서 우울 증상과 불안 증상이 인지 기능에 미치는 영향을 관찰하고자 한다. 방 법 일반인 50명을 모집하여 인지 기능 및 임상 증상에 대한 평가와 임상 증상이 인지 기능에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 피어슨 상관분석과 다변량 회귀분석을 시행하였다. 우울증에서 흔히 저하되는 인지 영역을 평가하는 검사 소항목간의 상관성을 알아보기 위해 위해 소항목간 상관분석을 시행하였다. 결 과 선로잇기검사(B형)는 우울 증상(r=0.300, p=0.03)과 나이(r=0.323, p=0.02)와 상관 관계를 보였고 이에 영향을 미치는 독립변수는 우울 증상(β=0.304, p=0.03)과 나이(β=0.335, p=0.01)이며 선로잇기검사(B형)에 대해 14.8%의 설명력을 보여주었다. 주관적 인지 기능 검사는 불안 증상(r=0.434, p=0.002)과 상관 관계가 있었다. 인지 기능 소항목간 상관분석에서 주관적 인지 기능검사는 주의력검사를 제외한 나머지 항목과 상관 관계가 있었다. 결 론 본 연구에서 우울 증상은 나이, 교육기간 같은 인구학적 특성 외에 독립적으로 실행기능에 기여하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 우울증에서 인지 기능 저하가 흔한 장기적인 임상 결과임을 감안할 때 인지 기능에 대한 적극적인 조기 개입과 평가가 도움이 될 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제65권6호
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• pp.816-824
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• 2022

Objective : Emergency superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) anastomosis in patients with large vessel occlusion who fails mechanical thrombectomy or does not become an indication due to over the time window can be done as an alternative for blood flow restoration. The authors planned this study to quantitatively measure the degree of improvement in cerebral perfusion flow using perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after bypass surgery and to find out what factors are related to the outcome of the bypass surgery. Methods : For a total of 107 patients who underwent emergent STA-MCA bypass surgery with large vessel occlusion, the National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin score (mRS), infarction volume, and hypoperfusion area volume was calculated, the duration between symptom onset and reperfusion time, occlusion site and infarction type were analyzed. After emergency STA-MCA bypass, hypoperfusion area volume at post-operative 7 days was calculated and analyzed compared with pre-operative hypoperfusion area volume. The factors affecting the improvement of mRS were analyzed. The clinical status of patients who underwent emergency bypass was investigated by mRS and NIHSS before and after surgery, and changes in infarct volume, extent, degree of collateral circulation, and hypoperfusion area volume were measured using MRI and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Results : The preoperative infarction volume was median 10 mL and the hypoperfusion area volume was median 101 mL. NIHSS was a median of 8 points, and the last normal to operation time was a median of 60.7 hours. STA patency was fair in 97.1% of patients at 6 months follow-up DSA and recanalization of the occluded vessel was confirmed at 26.5% of patients. Infarction volume significantly influenced the improvement of mRS (p=0.010) but preoperative hypoperfusion volume was not significantly influenced (p=0.192), and the infarction type showed marginal significance (p=0.0508). Preoperative NIHSS, initial mRS, occlusion vessel type, and last normal to operation time did not influence the improvement of mRS (p=0.272, 0.941, 0.354, and 0.391). Conclusion : In a patient who had an acute cerebral infarction due to large vessel occlusion with large ischemic penumbra but was unable to perform mechanical thrombectomy, STA-MCA bypass could be performed. By using time-to-peak images of perfusion MRI, it is possible to quickly and easily confirm that the brain tissue at risk is preserved and that the ischemic penumbra is recovered to a normal blood flow state.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.198-209
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a Korean Adult Patients Delirium Screening Tool (K-APDS) for those admitted to general wards, and to verify its reliability and validity. Methods: For the development of the tool, 12 items were derived through the results of literature review and focus group interviews with general ward nurses, and the content validity was confirmed by experts. To verify the reliability and validity of the developed tool, 317 adult patients who were admitted to general wards of three tertiary general hospitals from October to November 2022 were evaluated by the attending nurse and data were collected. Results: After factor analysis for construct validity verification, two factors were extracted, which explained 60.1% of the total variance. After the validation of the control group, the difference in the delirium incidence scores calculated using the K-APDS between the delirium group and non-delirium group was very significant (Z=-10.82, p<.001). To verify the criterion validity, K-APDS, Delirium Observation Screening, and Pearson's correlation coefficient were checked and found to be .94 (p<.001). The predictive validity test reported that the sensitivity was 91.1%, specificity was 82.4%, positive predictive value was 52.6%, and negative predictive value was 97.8%. The reliability of K-APDS was found to be high with Cronbach's ⍺=.91. Conclusion: K-APDS can screen for delirium with 2 or more points, excellent validity and reliability have been verified. Therefore, this tool could be applied immediately in the clinical field, and will contribute to the early detection of delirium, enabling rapid interventions.