• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Information Systems Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.41-54
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• 2003

This study examines group process patterns when Instant Messaging is used for decision-making, and examines how these patterns are associated with creative solutions to problems. Our research suggests that certain communication behavior of a group, when appropriately organized, can enhance creative production of outcomes. A qualitative analysis is conducted on communication patterns based on text-based conversation protocols. Specifically, this research tries to extend existing studies on group-work by focusing on the interactive communication process among participants. Study results include that the production of creative outcome depends on the temporal sequence of discussion pattern among group members. (1) Appropriate control of the discussion process is essential to obtain a high level of performance. (2) It is also important to set up discussion rules and rules for the use of communication medium in the early stages of the discussion . (3) Active participants use various protocol types while less-active members rely mainly on 'cognitive' protocols.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.175-180
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• 2017

Fertility preservation plays a central role in cancer care since an increasingly large number of cancer patients are surviving as a result of improvements in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Physicians who take part in the initial diagnosis and management of gynecologic cancer should understand the importance of fertility preservation. Since indications for fertility preservation are limited to early-stage gynecologic cancer, a surgeon must carefully consider each indication. Before performing fertility-sparing surgery, health professionals should compare its oncologic and pregnancy outcomes with those of other standard treatments. Individualized treatment strategies should be delivered depending on the patient's situation, and physicians should provide timely information and appropriate counseling.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1-23
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• 2004

This study identifies communication patterns of groups using synchronous text communication medium for their group decision-making, and examines how these patterns are associated with creative solutions to problems. Our research suggests that certain communication behavior of groups, when appropriately organized, can be of help in enhancing creative production of outcomes. A qualitative study was conducted on communication patterns based on an analysis of text-based electronic conversation protocols. Specifically this research tried to overcome existing studies on electronic groups by focusing on interactive process of communication among participants. The major study conclusion; are: (1) The production of creative outcome may depend on the process or sequence of discussion among group members with synchronous text communication medium. That is, proper interactive responses and appropriate control of the discussion process are essential to obtain a high level of performance. (2) It is importantto make discuss rules based on meta-cognitive and interactive protocols in the early stage. Explicit rules relating to internal group processes as well as communication medium use are even more important to groups with electronic communication medium than face-to-face groups.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.133-139
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• 2012

Laparoscopic gastrectomy has become widely used as a minimally invasive technique for the treatment of gastric cancer. When it was first introduced, most surgeons preferred a laparoscopic-assisted approach with a minilaparotomy rather than a totally laparoscopic procedure because of the technical challenges of achieving an intracorporeal anastomosis. Recently, with improved skills and instruments, several surgeons have reported the safety and feasibility of a totally laparoscopic gastrectomy with intracorporeal anastomosis. This review describes the recent technical advances in intracorporeal anastomoses using circular and linear staplers that allow for totally laparoscopic distal, total, and proximal gastrectomies. Data that demonstrate advantages in early surgical outcomes of a total laparoscopic method compared to laparoscopic-assisted operations are also discussed.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.40 no.spc
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• pp.19-31
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• 2010

Orally administrated drugs permeate the biological membrane by various transport mechanisms. The oral absorption potential is closely related to the physicochemical properties of the drug and interaction with the physiological factors surrounding the site of absorption. Assessment of the drug membrane permeability is an integral part of the early stage drug developmental process. Appropriate selection of the permeability screening method at the right stage of drug development process is important in achieving successful developmental outcomes. This review aims at introducing currently available in vitro and in vivo screening methods for the membrane permeability assessment.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.505-510
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• 2009

The possible causes of Brown-S$\acute{e}$quard Syndrome (BSS) have been frequently observed with spinal trauma and extramedullary spinal tumors, but the cervical disc herniation to cause BSS is rare. The authors present five cases of patients who were diagnosed with BSS resulting from cervical disc herniation, and the results of the literature in view of their distinctive symptoms and clinical outcomes. Postoperatively, the patients showed complete or almost complete recovery from their motor and sensory deficits. On the basis of our cases, it is important to diagnose it early by cervical magnetic resonance imaging, especially in the absence of the typical symptoms of cervical disc herniation or other obvious etiology of extremity numbness. Immediate surgical treatment is also essential for a favorable functional neurological recovery.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2011

Invasive Candida infections (ICI) have become the third most common cause of late-onset infection among premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Risk factors include birth weight less than 1,000 g, exposure to more than two antimicrobials, third generation cephalosporin exposure, parenteral nutrition including lipid emulsion, central venous catheter, and abdominal surgery. Candida colonization of the skin and gastrointestinal tract is an important first step in the pathogenesis of invasive disease. Strict infection control measures against the infection should be done in the NICU. The following practices are likely to contribute to reducing the rate of ICI: (1) restriction of broad-spectrum antibiotics, antacids and steroid; (2) introduction of early feeding and promoting breast milk. Fluconazole prophylaxis may be an effective control measure to prevent Candida colonization and infections in individual units with high incidence of fungal infection. In addition, there is a need of further data including the development of resistant strains and the effect on long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of infants exposed to drugs before the initiation of routine application of antifungal prophylaxis in the NICU.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.9
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• pp.964-970
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• 2009

Neonatal seizures are generally not only brief and subtle but also not easily recognized and are usually untreated. In sick neonates, seizures are frequently not manifested clinically but are detected only by electroencephalography (subclinical EEG seizures). This phenomenon of electroclinical dissociation is fairly common in neonates. On the other hand, neonates frequently show clinical behaviors such as stiffening, apnea, or autonomic manifestations that mimic seizures, which is usually associated with underlying encephalopathy and non-epileptic seizures. Therefore, it might be difficult to confirm the diagnosis of neonatal seizures. Early recognition of neonatal seizures is important to minimize poor neurodevelopmental outcomes, including cognitive, behavioral, and learning disabilities, as well as the development of postnatal epilepsy. EEG is a reliable tool in the determination of neonatal seizures. Continuous EEG monitoring is essential for the identification of seizures, evaluation of treatment efficacy, and prediction of the neurodevelopmental outcome. However, there is not yet a wide consensus on the optimal "standard" lead montage for the continuous EEG monitoring.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.669-679
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• 2010

The risk of mortality and morbidity of patients with congenital heart defects (CHDs) is highest during neonatal period and increases when diagnosis and proper management are delayed. Neonates with critical CHDs may present with severe cyanosis, respiratory distress, shock, or collapse, all of which are also frequent clinical presentations of various respiratory problems or sepsis in the newborn. Early diagnosis and stabilization and timely referral to a tertiary cardiac center are crucial to improve the outcomes in neonates with CHDs. In this review, the clinical presentation of critical and potentially life-threatening CHDs is discussed along with brief case reviews to help understand the hemodynamics of these defects and ensure proper decision-making in critically ill patients.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.12
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• pp.466-470
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• 2016

Early, aggressive nutrition is an important contributing factor of long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. To ensure optimal growth in premature infants, adequate protein intake and optimal protein/energy ratio should be emphasized rather than the overall energy intake. Minimal enteral nutrition should be initiated as soon as possible in the first days of life, and feeding advancement should be individualized according to the clinical course of the infant. During hospitalization, enteral nutrition with preterm formula and fortified human milk represent the best feeding practices for facilitating growth. After discharge, the enteral nutrition strategy should be individualized according to the infant's weight at discharge. Infants with suboptimal weight for their postconceptional age at discharge should receive supplementation with human milk fortifiers or nutrient-enriched feeding, and the enteral nutrition strategy should be reviewed and modified continuously to achieve the target growth parameters.