• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.5995-5998
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• 2012

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of most common cancers in women and men and one of the major causes of death due to neoplasia. Colonoscopy is considered as the most accurate diagnostic procedure to detect colorectal cancer at the earlier stages. Objectives: The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of an education program using the Theory of Planned Behavior on promoting behavioral intention among first degree relatives of colorectal cancer patients. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational program to promote attitudinal factors associated with early detection of colorectal cancer in 99 first degree relatives of colorectal cancer patients aged more than 20 years in Yazd city, Iran. A researcher made questionnaire forwhich validity and reliability were confirmed by expert point of view and pilot testing was employed for data collection. Questionnaires were filled in before and after educational intervention. The registered data were transferred to SPSS 19 and analyzed by paired T-test, Man-Whitney and Wilcaxon. Results: Mean scores of knowledge, attitude, perceived behavioral control and intention regarding colorectal cancer increased after education significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions: Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior has positive influence on promoting intention behavior. It is therefore recommended to apply educational programs to promote behavioral intention.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.663-668
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• 1991

To evaluate risks, complications and mortality of reoperations on heart valve prosthesis, we reviewed clinical records of 53 patients who underwent reoperation because of prosthetic valve failure[PVF], from Jan 1959 through Jun. 1991. They had undergone 48 mitral, 10 aortic valve rereplacement Primary tissue failure was the main cause of reoperation : it occurred in 51 valves at a mean postoperative interval of 58 months. Calcification and collagen disruption of prosthesis were main causes of primary tissue failure in macro and micropathology, In 3 failing mechanical prostheses, paravalvular leak was in 2 cases, another one case had the thrombi at the hinge portion. If conditions such as emergency operation with or without endocarditis, thromboembolism and advanced NYHA functional class are prevented, we think that reoperative valve replacement has similar morbidity and mortality to initial valve replacement surgery. But our sturdy represents higher mortality [22.6%] because of late surgical intervention failing the prevention of conditions leading to myocardial damage. In conclusion if the tearing, calcification, and a new murmur were detected the early reoperation should be considered to increase late survival.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1055-1064
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• 1996

To this is the concept and changes of physical treatment that intervenes the understanding and restoring cerebral infantile paralysis in the medical welfare of the social well-being areas: Cerebral palsy, originated by Littel in 1862 and reported as "The cerebral palsies" by William and Osler, come to have its name and meaning. The early stage of intervention generally accepted by the circle of physical treatment in the medical profession was introduced by Sax in 1964. In Sax' theory, cerebral palsy is defined as "the stumbling block in the bodily exercises and postures, causing by the intercurrent disease or physical, mental defect." As we have seen it is desirable that the abovementioned limited steps be removed and allow physical therapists to examine and to treat cerebral palsies. For this, first educational system should make its way to a substantial improvement and congenital abnormal Test should be rapidly expanding to great proportions the whole nation, not part of the low-income group. Physical therapists, cerebral palsies and their parents must combine to make cerebral palsies' welfare the crowning well being state. Physical therapists, cerebral palsies and their parents, forming of trinity, should combine to make cerebral palsies' welfare the Super-Welfare State existence.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.85-93
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aim to determine the effect of chewing gum on the reduction of postoperative ileus and recovery after surgery. Methods: The study was conducted as a randomized controlled trial among 82 patients who underwent spine surgery between May 2015 and October 2015. Patients in experimental group chewed sugarless gum 3 times daily for 30 minutes each time until POD 5. Abdominal discomfort, the first defecation, and CAS score (Constipation Assessment Scale) were monitored. Results: After the experiment, abdominal discomfort was significantly decreased in the experimental group compared to that of the control group (F=2.46, p=.044). However, the first defecation occurred on postoperative hour 69.6 in the chewing gum group and on hour 60.2 in the control group (t=-1.63, p=.107). CAS was significantly decreased in the experimental group compared to that of the control group (F=3.51, p=.012). Conclusion: Chewing gum is expected to help patient recover after surgery as safe nurse intervention which can reduce abdominal discomfort and constipation during early postoperative days after spine surgery.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.195-203
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• 1991

Correlations among body weight and sociodemographic factors, including life - style were tested as social determinants of health in a sample of 5,201 adults in Korea. The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which sociodemographic variables and life-style associated health behaviors explain body weight distribution. A second aim was to explain the relation of body weight and health status to stress the importance of body weight as an early risk indicator of health status. The canonical correlation between the weight distribution(underweight and overweight) and the independent variables was 0.29, 17% of the total variance was explained. Perceived health level represented the highest contribution(canonical coefficient 0.82) to body weight. Sociodemographic factors such as sex, economic status, and life-style factors such as smoking, exercise, regular meais and sleep showed comparatively high contributions to body weight. The relevance of body weight for health status including the rate of chronic disease and the rate of medical utilization was significant. Especially, underweight was clarified as being mere important than overweight to morbidity level and medical utilization. These findings suggest that perceived body weight is an important indicator of health status and is thus a valuable variable to be considered for nursing intervention and health education related to the promotion of health.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.111-113
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• 2004

In neurogenic equinovarus deformity, surgical intervention such as tendon transfer or osteotomy can be expected to improve symptoms. However, in rare cases of hereditary spastic paraplegia, the deformity and paralysis gradually progress. So limited operation and early post-operative rehabilitation are preferred to aggressive operation. We would like to report our clinical experience with one case of hereditary spastic paraplegia patient with reference review. A 40 year-old male, given tendon transfer of ankle and foot and tendo achilles lengthening 10 years ago, complained about aggravated spastic paraplegia which resulted in dynamic equinovarus and limited walking ability since his operation. Family history showed limited walking ability of his father with gradually progressing spastic paralysis and he was diagnosed as hereditary spastic paraplegia type I. We had performed a limited operation such as tendo achilles and tibialis posterior lengthening to induce plantigrade standing and walking with crutch. As a result, the patient was able to maintain a stabilized standing posture and walk after the operation. Hereditary spastic paraplegia presents with a progressive paralysis which limits rehabilitation after tendon transfer, and the symptoms can be aggravated. Therefore, considering potential hereditary neurogenic disorders in paients with equinovarus deformity and performing limited operative procedures seem to be important.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 1997

Perforation of the gastrointestinal tract in neonatal period has been associated with a grim prognosis. Recently there has been some improvement in survival. To evaluate the remaining pitfalls in management, 19 neonatal gastrointestinal perforation cases from May 1989 to July 1996 were analysed retrospectively. Seven patients were premature and low birth weight infants. Perforation was most common in the ileum(56.3%). Mechanical or functional obstruction distal to the perforation site was identified in 7 cases; Hirschsprung's disease 3, small bowel atresia 3, and anorectal malformation 1. These lesions were often not diagnosed until operation. Five cases of necrotizing enterocolitis and 1 of muscular defect were the other causes of perforation. In six cases, the cause of the perforation was not identified. Perinatal ischemic episodes were associated in five cases. Overall mortality was 15.1%. Because a considerable number of gastrointestinal perforations resulted from distal obstruction, pediatric surgeon should be alert for early identification and intervention of gastrointestinal obstruction, particularly in patients that are premature and have a history of ischemia.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.194-201
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• 2021

Amputation changes the lives of patients and their families. Consequently, the patient must adapt to altered body function and image. During this adaptation process, psychological problems, such as depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder, can occur. The psychological difficulties of patients with amputation are often accepted as normal responses that are often poorly recognized by patients, family members, and their primary physicians. Psychological problems can interfere with rehabilitation and cause additional psychosocial problems. Therefore, their early detection and treatment are important. A multidisciplinary team approach, including mental health professionals, is ideal for comprehensive and biopsychosocial management. Mental health professionals could help patients set realistic goals and use adaptive coping styles. Psychiatric approaches should consider the physical, cognitive, psychological, social, and spiritual functions and social support systems before and after amputation. The abilities and limitations of physical, cognitive, psychological, and social functions should also be considered. To improve the patient's adaptation, psychological interventions such as short-term psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness meditation, biofeedback, and group psychotherapy can be helpful.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.4591-4594
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• 2013

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Malaysian women. Other than hospital-based results, there are no documented population-based survival rates of Malaysian women for breast cancers. This populationbased retrospective cohort study was therefore conducted. Data were obtained from Health Informatics Centre, Ministry of Health Malaysia, National Cancer Registry and National Registration Department for the period from $1^{st}$ January 2000 to $31^{st}$ December 2005. Cases were captured by ICD-10 and linked to death certificates to identify the status. Only complete data were analysed. Survival time was calculated from the estimated date of diagnosis to the date of death or date of loss to follow-up. Observed survival rates were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method using SPSS Statistical Software version 17. A total of 10,230 complete data sets were analysed. The mean age at diagnosis was 50.6 years old. The overall 5-year survival rate was 49% with median survival time of 68.1 months. Indian women had a higher survival rate of 54% compared to Chinese women (49%) and Malays (45%). The overall 5-year survival rate of breast cancer patient among Malaysian women was still low for the cohort of 2000 to 2005 as compared to survival rates in developed nations. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the strategies for early detection and intervention.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 2013

Objective : This article shows that while Seishu Hanaoka(華岡靑洲) is known to have developed an effective anesthetic formula composed of traditional herbs and performed the world first partial mastectomy under a general anesthesia in 1804, anesthetic formulas very similar to those developed by him were widely recorded and deemed used in Japan and Northeast Asia before his invention. The origin of the formulas will be tracked down to compare with the several formulas broadly administered in the region. Methods : Historical literature analysis was adopted to achieve the objective. 1. Mayaku-ku (麻藥考): this book is the main medical classic by Nakagawa Syutei(中川修亭) that introduces Seishu Hanaoka, his anesthetic formulas and mastectomy. 2. Northeast medical classics: Seuideukhyobang (世醫得效方) in 1337, Uibangryuchui (醫方類聚), Uihui(宜彙) and so on. Result : Herbs such as aconitum and datura were applied as a anesthetic agent early on before the Chinese Yuan dynasty. In Korea as well, some old medical books documented such use of those herbs and relevant formulas. Conclusion : Formulas that counted as invented and employed by Seishu Hanaoka as anesthetics, in fact, had been widely known and used in the region before his era. We should pay due attention to his creativity that combined a western surgical intervention and traditional anesthetic agents and successfully performed a newly introduced surgical practice in Japan. The point is that Hanaoka took note of anesthetic herbs or formulas traditionally inherited in North-east Asian medicine and successfully applied them to the surgical procedures for breast cancer, or mastectomy and mammotomy. This history alerts us to neglected or forgotten potentials of traditional medicine in anesthetic treatment and more.