• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.14-20
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• 2020

Purpose: This study examined the effects of early stabilization exercise focused on the scapulothoracic joint on the recovery of surgical patients due to rotator cuff tear. Methods: The subjects were 30 patients divided randomly into two groups. Group I consisted of 15 patients who practiced shoulder joint stabilization exercises, including glenohumeral joint movement. Group II consisted of 15 patients who practiced scapulothoracic joint stabilization exercises, excluding glenohumeral joint movement. The duration of stabilization exercise was 30 minutes for one day, five days a week, and five weeks. To measure the dependent variables, the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, range of motion (ROM), dynamometer of measured grip were used. Results: The DASH, ROM, and grip power were compared. A significant difference was observed before the intervention in each group (p<.05), and there was no significant difference between group I and group II (p>.05). Conclusion: Both shoulder joint and scapulothoracic joint stabilization exercises were effective after the intervention compared to preintervention, but there was no difference between the two groups. Unlike many recent studies on the initiation of stabilization exercises, this study allays the concerns between the advantages of 'early exercise' and oppositions of previous studies about 'early exercise'. Nevertheless, further research regarding these subjects is needed.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.301-312
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of mother's smartphone dependency and maternal guilty feelings on early childhood emotion regulation. The subjects were 326 mothers of 2 to 5 year olds. Mothers' smartphone dependency was assessed by the Korea Agency for Digital Opportunity & Promotion(2006), guilty feelings by the Maternal Guilt Scale(Sung 2011), and early childhood emotion regulation assessed by the ERC(Park 2012). The results of the study were as follows. First, mother's dependency on smartphones was highly related with early childhood emotion regulation. Maternal guilty feelingswere weakly related with child's emotion regulation. Relationship between mother's dependency on smartphones and maternal guilty feelingswasmoderate. Second, mother's positive expectations towardssmartphones and maternal guilty feelings from negative parenting behavior explained early childhood emotion regulation as much as 69%.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.162-173
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• 2020

Dental implants are the first option for replacement of missing teeth. Failure usually involves additional cost and procedures. As a result, the physician should limit the risk factors associated with implant failures. Implant site is one of many factors that can influence the success or failure of dental implants. The association between early implant failure (EIF) and implant site has yet to be documented. This review aims to estimate the impact of insertion site on the percentage of EIFs. An electronic and manual search of studies that reported early failure of dental implants based on collection site. A total of 21 studies were included in the review and examined for the association between EIF and alveolar site. Subgroup analysis, including a comparison between implants inserted in four alveolar ridge regions of both jaws was performed. The early failure rate was higher for maxillary implants (3.14%) compared to mandibular implants (1.96%). Applying a random effect, risk ratio (RR), and confidence interval (CI) of 95% revealed higher failure in the maxilla compared to the mandible (RR 1.41; 95% CI [1.19, 1.67]; P<0.0001; I²=58%). The anterior maxilla is more critical for early implant loss than other alveolar bone sites. Implants in the anterior mandible exhibited the best success rate compared of the sites.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.97-110
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• 2013

Purpose: This study sought to identify how initiating breastfeeding soon after birth affected breastfeeding practice. Methods: The subjects were mothers and newborns in Seoul's S. University Hospital maternity unit who elected to breastfeed. They were divided into an experimental group, which practiced an "early latching-on program" (latching-on within 30 minutes after birth), and a control group, which did not. Both groups' daily frequencies of breastfeeding and supplementary-glucose or bottle feeding were recorded. Results: The correlation between socio-demographic and medical characteristics and the breastfeeding rate was examined; 3 variables showed statistical significance: neonatal health anomaly, Apgar score after 1 minute, and Apgar score after 5 minutes. The difference in breastfeeding rates between the two groups was clear: the experimental group's rate was 1.93, while the control group's was 3.76 (t-statistic difference: 14.865), with the experimental group's rate during hospitalization being twice that of the control group (73.3% and 32.6%, respectively). Multiple regression analysis assessing the influence of the latching-on program yielded a t-statistic of -4.735 and a p-value of .000, indicating statistical significance. Conclusion: An early latching-on program's positive effect on the breastfeeding practice of mother's of newborns was demonstrated. Therefore, an early latching-on program could be a practical and effective nursing intervention for after mothers give birth.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.30 no.5 s.248
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• pp.465-471
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• 2006

Controlled auto-ignition(CAI) combustion, offers the potential to improve fuel economy and reduce emission simultaneously. In this study, CAI-combustion was achieved in a single cylinder gasoline DI engine with modified camshafts in order to restrict the gas exchange process. We investigated the effects of air-fuel ratio, residual EGR rate and injection timing such as early injection and late injection on the attainable CAI combustion region. The effect of injection timings on combustion characteristic such as start of combustion, combustion duration and heat release rate was also investigated. From the result early injection causes the mixture to ignite earlier and burn more quickly due to the exothermic reaction during the recompression and gives rise to good mixing of the fuel/air. On the other hand, late injection extended the operation region more than early injection but the emissions of HC and NOx were more or less increased than early injection.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.119-128
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• 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of breastfeeding on the occurrence of early childhood caries in Korean infants and toddlers. Methods: Data on oral examinations of infants and toddlers of the National Health Insurance Service were analyzed. The study subjects were children who participated in both the first, second, and third oral examinations and the first general health examination in 2008-2017 (n=142,185). Based on the responses to the questionnaire, the subjects were classified into breastfeeding, formula feeding, and mixed feeding groups. The participants were monitored for the development of early childhood caries in three sequential oral examinations. Results: Based on the oral examination results conducted at 54-65 months old, the decayed-filled teeth index of the breastfeeding group was the highest (2.03±3.08), followed by the mixed (1.96±3.03) and the formula feeding groups (1.82±2.91). The Cox proportional hazard regression model including all the variables showed that the risk of developing dental caries was significantly lower in the formula (hazard ratio [HR], 0.85) and mixed feeding groups (HR, 0.91) than in the breastfeeding group. Conclusions: Breastfeeding children have a higher risk of early childhood caries; therefore, oral hygiene education and regular dental check-ups are necessary.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.115-123
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitude and wearing effect of brassiere wearing in 20's female college students. Particularly, by exploring the necessity of wearing a brassiere, the research was carried out to make it possible to use it effectively in the development of brassiere for women in their early 20s. In early 20s, the type of wearing brassiere in female college students was analyzed as three types: function-importance type, inconvenience-accept type, and wearing inconvenient type. Function-importance type, the brassiere corrects the silhouette of the upper body, has a push-up effect that collects the breast, and it was thought that it would not allow the nipple point to fall. By wearing a brassiere, there is a lift-up effect that reduces the vibration of the breast due to movement and raises the bust. Inconvenience-accept type wears a brassiere so that the breast volume can be improved and the nipple point is not visible. And they strongly agreed that the brassiere would wrap my breasts well and calibrate the upper body silhouette to make my body look pretty. However, they felt that their bust was troubled when they wore it, and they thought that their brassiere would be out of order due to their movements, so they had to wear brassiere for beauty, but they were uncomfortable. The wearing inconvenient type was analyzed as a type that the cup part was lifted, the sweat was not absorbed, and the heat was uncomfortable. It is thought that it is necessary to develop an effective brassiere for the function of raising and collecting breasts based on the body shape of women in their early 20s.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.161-168
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• 2010

The observed the toxic effect of WSF (Water Soluble Fraction) on development time, development rate, attachment rate, survival rate and growth of the larva during the early stage of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. The time required early juvenile from the fertilized eggs exposed to crude oil (WSF) was about 13 hours in control group. But that of the crude oil dose group takes 12 hours, with shorter compared to control group. Development and attachment rate of the oyster significantly higher in 0.4 and 0.8 mg/L WSF compared to control group (P<0.05) but significantly lower more than 1.6 mg/L WSF (P<0.05). Survival rate of the oyster larva significantly higher in 0.4 and 0.8 mg/L WSF compared to control group (P<0.05) but significantly lower more than 2.4 mg/L WSF (P<0.05). Survival rate of spot showed no significantly difference compared to control group (P>0.05). Shell growth of the oyster were significantly lower more than 1.6 mg/L WSF compared control group (P<0.05). The effect concentration of crude oil showed that more 0.4 mg/L in development and attachment rate and more 1.6 mg/L in growth. Also, chronic exposure of crude oil even effect also in low concentration.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.91-109
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of various factors, the social support of friends and relatives, couple's characteristics, and the mother's parenting characteristics, and their impact upon infant development. For the purposes of this study, data was taken from 2078 infants who were born in 2008 and their mothers who participated in the 1st Korean Children Panel Survey of the Child-Care Policy Research Institute. The data collected were processed statistically by means of a structural model and the fit of the model was also found to be very good. The findings indicated that the social support of friends and relatives and couple's characteristics did indeed impact upon an infant's development, with the mother's parenting characteristics having a mediating effect. The direct effect of the social support of friends and relatives on infant development was positive and the results of the effect were the same even when taking into account the mediating effects of the mother's parenting characteristics. The direct effect of a couple's characteristics on the mother's parenting characteristics was negative but the result of it was also positive when taken in conjunction with the mediating effects of the mother's parenting characteristics.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.2645-2652
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• 2013

This study was designed to examine the effect of father's self-esteem and child rearing attitude on children's self-esteem and emotional intelligence. The subject were 120 children and their father who were early childhood education service in J city. Data analysed with Pearson correlation, regression. The results were as follows. First, there were significant positive relationships between the children's self-esteem and the father's self-esteem and affective autonomous child rearing attitude. Second, the father's affective autonomous child rearing attitude has effect on the children's self-esteem. Third, there were significant positive relationships between the children's self-esteem and the father's self-esteem and affective autonomous child rearing attitude. Fourth, the father's affective autonomous child rearing attitude has effect on the children's emotional intelligence.