• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.255-260
• /
• 1990

This study was conducted to examine the enteropathogens and clinical aspects of diarrhea of the 211 Korean native calves during the suckling period. The experimental results were summerized as follows: 1. The 206 Korean native calves (97.6%) were affected with diarrhea during the suckling period. 2. Of 156 diarrheal feces tested, Rotavirus were detected from 108(69.2%) feces of $K^+99$ E coli were detected from 23(14.7%) feces and Eimeria spp were detected from 33(21.2%) feces. But Salmonella spp and Cryptosporidium spp were not detected. 3. Rotavirus were detected from 2 to 84 days of life, $K^+99$ E coli were detected from 5 to 54 days and Eimeria spp were detected from 33 to 84 days of life. 4. Physical appearances of the diarrheal feces were not affected specifically according to the enteropathogens, but were affected by the severity of diarrhea and the diets.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.98-104
• /
• 1998

As an efffort ot construct LAB (latice acid bacteria), capable of utilizing starch as fermentation substrate without the aid of externally supplied enzymes, plasmid vectors containing the amyL($\alpha$-amylase/pullulansase gene) from Clostridium thermophydrosulfuricum, and glucoamylase cDNA from Asperigillus shirousamii were constructed and introduced itno E. coli and L. lactis. For expression in procaryotes , 1.9kb glucoamylase cDNA encoding the mature form of enzyme was PCR amplified and translationaly fused to a PCR amplified 260 bp fragment containing the promotor and secretion signals of amyl in the same reading frame. The production of $\alpha$-amylase, Apu, and glucoamlase in E. coli and L. lactis was confirmed by enzyme assay and zymography . Enzymeswere detected in both cellpellets and supernatants, indicating theworking of scretion signals in heterologous hosts. The efficiencies of secretion were varibale depending on the gene and host. The highest $\alpha$- amylase acitivity observed was 1.1 units and most activiity was detected from thecell pellets. The degree of gene expression in both hosts and the effect on the growth of hosts were examined.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제45회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.321.1-321.1
• /
• 2013

높은 광흡수 계수를 갖는 Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS) 화합물 박막 소재는 고효율 태양전지 양산을 위해 가장 전도유망한 재료이나 상대적으로 매장량이 적은 In 및 Ga을 사용한다는 소재적 한계가 있다. Cu2ZnSnSe4(CZTSe) 혹은 Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS)와 같은 Cu-Zn-Sn-Se계 화합물 반도체는 CIGS 내 희소원소인 In과 Ga이 범용원소인 Zn 및 Sn으로 대체된 소재로써 미래형 저가 태양전지 개발을 위해 활발히 연구되고 있는데, 그 화합물 조합에 따라 0.8eV부터 1.5eV까지의 에너지 밴드갭을 갖는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 열분해법으로 CZTS 나노 입자를 합성하였다. 용매로 Oleylamine을 사용하였는데, $260{\sim}340^{\circ}C$의 온도 범위에서 5시간 30분 동안 CZTS 나노입자를 합성하였고, $300^{\circ}C$에서 5시간 30분~9시간까지 합성하였다. 헥산을 이용하여 원심분리기와 초음파세척기로 용매인 Oleylamine을 제거하였고, 진공오븐에서 건조된 CZTS 분말의 FE-SEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope), XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy) 분석 등을 통해 합성온도에 따른 구조적, 화학적 조성 변화를 조사하였다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• 제21권9호
• /
• pp.247-260
• /
• 2021

Data modeling is a process of developing a model to design and develop a data system that supports an organization's various business processes. A conceptual data model represents a technology-independent specification of structure of data to be stored within a database. The model aims to provide richer expressiveness and incorporate a set of semantics to (a) support the design, control, and integrity parts of the data stored in data management structures and (b) coordinate the viewing of connections and ideas on a database. The described structure of the data is often represented in an entity–relationship (ER) model, which was one of the first data-modeling techniques and is likely to continue to be a popular way of characterizing entity classes, attributes, and relationships. This paper attempts to examine the basic ER modeling notions in order to analyze the concepts to which they refer as well as ways to represent them. In such a mission, we apply a new modeling methodology (thinging machine; TM) to ER in terms of its fundamental building constructs, representation entities, relationships, and attributes. The goal of this venture is to further the understanding of data models and enrich their semantics. Three specific contributions to modeling in this context are incorporated: (a) using the TM model's five generic actions to inject processing in the ER structure; (b) relating the single ontological element of TM modeling (i.e., a thing/machine or thimac) to ER entities and relationships; and (c) proposing a high-level integrated, extended ER model that includes structural and time-oriented notions (e.g., events or behavior).

• 한국염색가공학회지
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.250-260
• /
• 2022

In this research, a high-elasticity acrylic emulsion binder with core-shell polymerization and self-crosslinking system is mixed with a flame-retardant water-dispersed polyurethane (PUD) binder. In addition, finite element analysis was conducted through virtual engineering software ANSYS by applying three representative nonlinear material models. The most suitable nonlinear material model was selected after the relative comparison between the actual experimental values and the predicted values of the properties derived from simulations. The selected nonlinear material model is intended to be used as a nonlinear material model for computational simulation analysis that simulates the experimental environment of the vibration test (ASTM E1399) and the actual fire safety test (ASTM E1966). When the mass fraction of thermally expandable graphite was 0.7%, the thermal and physical properties were the best. Among the nonlinear material models, the simulation result of the Ogden model showed the closest value to the actual result.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.248-260
• /
• 2023

This study provides basic data when planning nutrition support for healthy aging by revealing the relationship between various symptoms in the elderly and nutrient intake. From the 8th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, data from senior citizens aged 65 years or older in 2021 were used, and answers on the depression prevalence, activity restrictions, complaints of discomfort when chewing, and nutrient intake were analyzed through SPSS multiple logistic regression analysis. In the case of depression, there was a significant effect on the intake of four of the 20 nutrients (water, protein, cholesterol, and vitamin E). When experiencing activity restrictions, the intake of eight of the 20 nutrients (phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin A, vitamin D, beta-carotene, retinol, thiamine, and niacin) was affected. When experiencing chewing discomfort, the intake of three of the 20 nutrients (fat, magnesium, and vitamin E) was affected. Elderly people who suffer from depression, activity restrictions, and discomfort with chewing are at risk of various nutrient deficiencies, and related studies need to be conducted.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제40권11호
• /
• pp.1569-1574
• /
• 2011

수산 자숙액의 조사 여부를 판별하기 위해 물리적(PSL, TL) 및 화학적(hydrocarbon 분석) 검지 시험을 진행하였다. 10 kGy까지의 감마선 조사를 적용한 자숙액을 PSL법으로 측정하였을 때, 모든 자숙액에서 260~510의 photon counts를 나타내어 자숙액의 방사선조사 여부의 확인 방법으로서 PSL은 적용 가능성이 낮다고 사료되었다. 수산 자숙액에 TL법을 적용한 결과 톳 및 문어 자숙액의 경우 방사선 조사한 자숙액에서 150~250$^{\circ}C$ 범위에서 특정한 glow curve가 나타났으므로 방사선조사 여부를 확인하는데 적용이 가능할 것이라고 사료된다. 참치 자숙액의 경우 감마선조사에 의해 유래되는 hydrocarbon은 검출되지 않았는데, 이는 참치 가공에서 부산물로 얻어지는 자숙액의 낮은 지방산 함량과 자숙 공정에 따른 상이한 지방산 조성에서 비롯한 것이라고 사료된다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.260-268
• /
• 2008

Optical diffuse reflectance sensing has potential for rapid and reliable on-site estimation of soil properties. For good results, proper calibration to measured soil properties is required. One issue is whether it is necessary to develop calibrations using samples from the specific area or areas (e.g., field, soil series) in which the sensor will be applied, or whether a general "factory" calibration is sufficient. A further question is if specific calibration is required, how many sample points are needed. In this study, these issues were addressed using data from 42 paddy fields representing 14 distinct soil series accounting for 74% of the total Korean paddy field area. Partial least squares (PLS) regression was used to develop calibrations between soil properties and reflectance spectra. Model evaluation was based on coefficient of determination ($R^2$) root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP), and RPD, the ratio of standard deviation to RMSEP. When sample data from a soil series were included in the calibration stage (full information calibration), RPD values of prediction models were increased by 0.03 to 3.32, compared with results from calibration models not including data from the test soil series (calibration without site-specific information). Higher $R^2$ values were also obtained in most cases. Including some samples from the test soil series (hybrid calibration) generally increased RPD rapidly up to a certain number of sample points. A large portion of the potential improvement could be obtained by adding about 8 to 22 points, depending on the soil properties to be estimated, where the numbers were 10 to 18 for pH, 18-22 for EC, and 8 to 22 for total C. These results provide guidance on sampling and calibration requirements for NIR soil property estimation.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.184-190
• /
• 2018

PURPOSE. To analyze stress distribution in premolars restored with inlays or onlays using various materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Three-dimensional maxillary premolar models of abutments were designed to include the following: 1) inlay with O cavity (O group), 2) inlay with MO cavity (MO group), 3) inlay with MOD cavity (MOD group), and 4) onlay (ONLAY group). A restoration of each inlay or onlay cavity was simulated using gold alloy, e.max ceramic, or composite resin for restoration. To simulate masticatory forces, a total of 140 N static axial force was applied onto the tooth at the occlusal contact areas. A finite element analysis was performed to predict the magnitude and pattern of stresses generated by occlusal loading. RESULTS. Maximum von Mises stress values generated in the abutment teeth of the ONLAY group were ranged from 26.1 to 26.8 MPa, which were significantly lower than those of inlay groups (O group: 260.3-260.7 MPa; MO group: 252.1-262.4 MPa; MOD group: 281.4-298.8 MPa). Maximum von Mises stresses generated with ceramic, gold, and composite restorations were 280.1, 269.9, and 286.6 MPa, respectively, in the MOD group. They were 252.2, 248.0, 255.1 MPa, respectively, in the ONLAY group. CONCLUSION. The onlay design (ONLAY group) protected tooth structures more effectively than inlay designs (O, MO, and MOD groups). However, stress magnitudes in restorations with various dental materials exhibited no significant difference among groups (O, MO, MOD, ONLAY).

• 한국농림기상학회지
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.260-267
• /
• 2007

이 연구노트에서는 KoFlux 관측지인 광릉 산림과 해남 농경지에서 관측된 에디 공분산 자료의 품질을 관리하고 보증하는 방법을 소개하였다. 자료의 품질 관리는 미기상학적/통계학적 분석을 기반으로 8 단계의 과정을 거쳐 이루어졌고 자료의 품질에 따라 5 등급으로 분리되어 표시되었다. 품질관리를 위해 사용된 프로그램과 품질 보증된 최종 자료는 KoFlux 웹사이트(http://www.koflux.org/)에서 내려 받을 수 있다.