• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.73-81
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• 2019

Background: Patellofemoral pain is one of the common diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Many previous studies have recommended the application of exercise therapy to patellofemoral pain patients for treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of coordinative locomotor training (CLT) and sling exercise combined program on knee pain and functional movement in patellofemoral pain patient. Methods: In this study, single-subject design (A-B-A') was conducted for 6 weeks. A repeted-measure analysis was conducted to assess results of the anterior knee pain scale (AKPS), Clarke's test (CT), eccentric step down test (ESDT). During the intervention (B), the CLT and sling exercise combined program was conducted three times a week for 4 weeks. Results: From baseline period A to intervention period B, the AKPS, CT, ESDT were improved from 61 to 48 (27%), from 8.33 to 3 (64%), from 7.67 to 3,58 (53%). From baseline period A to baseline period A', the AKPS, CT, ESDT were improved from 70.67 to 48 (47%), from 0.67 to 3 (92%), from 1.33 to 3,58 (83%). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, we recommend the application of CLT and sling exercise combined program to improve the pain and functional movement in patellofemoral pain patients.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.73 no.5
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• pp.555-563
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• 2020

The objective of present paper is assessment of dynamic buckling behavior of an embedded sandwich microplates in thermal environment in which the layers are reinforced through functionally graded carbon nanotubes (FG-CNTs). Therefore, mixture rule is taken into consideration for obtaining effective material characteristics. In order to model this structure much more realistic, Kelvin-Voigt model is presumed and the sandwich structure is rested on visco-Pasternak medium. Exponential shear deformation theory (ESDT) in addition to Eringen's nonlocal theory are utilized to obtain motion equations. Further, differential cubature method (DCM) as well as Bolotin's procedure are used to solve governing equations and achieve dynamic instability region (DIR) related to sandwich structure. Different parameters focusing on volume percent of CNTs, dispersion kinds of CNTs, thermal environment, small scale effect and structural damping and their influences upon the dynamic behavior of sandwich structure are investigated. So as to indicate the accuracy of applied theories as well as methods, the results are collated with another paper. According to results, presence of CNTs and their dispersion kind can alter system's dynamic response as well.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.407-416
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• 2024

Dynamic response of a rock tunnels by laminated porous concrete beam reinforced by nanoparticles subjected to harmonic transverse dynamic load is investigated considering structural damping. The effective nanocomposite properties are evaluated on the basis of Mori-Tanaka model. The concrete beam is modeled by the exponential shear deformation theory (ESDT). Utilizing nonlinear strains-deflection, energy relations and Hamilton's principal, the governing final equations of the concrete laminated beam are calculated. Utilizing differential quadrature method (DQM) as well as Newmark method, the dynamic displacement of the concrete laminated beam is discussed. The influences of porosity parameter, nanoparticles volume percent, agglomeration of nanoparticles, boundary condition, geometrical parameters of the concrete beam and harmonic transverse dynamic load are studied on the dynamic displacement of the laminated structure. Results indicated that enhancing the nanoparticles volume percent leads to decrease in the dynamic displacement about 63%. In addition, with considering porosity of the concrete, the dynamic displacement enhances about 2.8 time.