• Current Applied Physics
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.1492-1495
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• 2018

This paper studies the influence of temperature on electrical resistivity in ${\alpha}-InAs$ thin films between 30 K-2K based on the analysis of Mott VRH model and ES VRH model. The effect of the interactions between electrons at lower temperature must be considered, therefore, ES VRH conduction will dominate mechanism, and the crossover from Mott to ES VRH conduction is observed about 7 K. Based on available experiment data and VRH conduction model, the parameters of VRH conduction are determined. And the calculated values of $T_C$ are consistent with the experimental results. In addition, $R_M/{\xi}$, ${\Delta}_M/kT$, $R_{ES}/{\xi}$ and ${\Delta}_{ES}/kT$ are satisfied with the validity of Mott and ES models. Furthermore, the temperature dependence of resistivity at low temperature obeys a universal scaling law, which well describes the overall temperature range of VRH conduction. However, the values of $T^{\prime}_M$ from the universal function are two order of magnitudes lower than $T_M$ deduced from fitting experiment.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1991년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.337-340
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• 1991

The most difficult, time-consuming, and expensive task in building an ES (Expert System) is constructing and debugging its knowledge base. Our goals are to eliminate the knowledge-acquisition bottle-neck for ES creation in data rich situations and to make an ANN (Artificial Neural Network) model behave as much as possible like an ES. The ANN ES has many benifits: Once it has been learned, inference time is very short. It can provide a reasonable conclusion for insufficient input data. But it has also several demerits : Learning time is too long to converge. We cannot guarantee the convergence of its weights. We introduce an ANN ES model which makes most of its benefits and compensates its shortcomings.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.75-108
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• 1996

Expert Systems (ES) have been successfully applied to bank loan decisions. However, with regard to bank loan decisions, most loan officers approach the acquisition of an ES with apprehension, which implies that organizational resources devoted to the development and implementation of ES may have been wasted or misused. Because the primary cause of the users resistance to use ES are more significantly related to the behavioral elements rather than technical elements, applying appropriate behavioral theory to the well representative sample group of the whole bank loan officers in the United States with a very accurate measurement tool can provide some clues for developing successful ES for bank loan officers. In this study : 1) Vroom's (1964) expectancy theory was selected to explain bank loan managers' motivation to use an ES ; and 2) the ANN model's prediction power to estimate bank loan officers' motivation levels of using an ES was examined.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.4143-4145
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• 2014

Background: This study used receiver operating characteristic curve to analyze Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Ewing sarcoma (ES) outcome data. The aim of this study was to identify and optimize ES-specific survival prediction models and sources of survival disparities. Materials and Methods: This study analyzed socio-economic, staging and treatment factors available in the SEER database for ES. 1844 patients diagnosed between 1973-2009 were used for this study. For the risk modeling, each factor was fitted by a Generalized Linear Model to predict the outcome (bone and joint specific death, yes/no). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was computed. Similar strata were combined to construct the most parsimonious models. Results: The mean follow up time (S.D.) was 74.48 (89.66) months. 36% of the patients were female. The mean (S.D.) age was 18.7 (12) years. The SEER staging has the highest ROC (S.D.) area of 0.616 (0.032) among the factors tested. We simplified the 4-layered risk levels (local, regional, distant, un-staged) to a simpler non-metastatic (I and II) versus metastatic (III) versus un-staged model. The ROC area (S.D.) of the 3-tiered model was 0.612 (0.008). Several other biologic factors were also predictive of ES-specific survival, but not the socio-economic factors tested here. Conclusions: ROC analysis measured and optimized the performance of ES survival prediction models. Optimized models will provide a more efficient way to stratify patients for clinical trials.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.17-37
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• 2014

In this study, four widely accepted and used variants of Evolution Strategies (ES) are adapted and applied to the output-error state-space identification problem. The selection of ES is justified by prior strong indication of superior performance to similar problems, over alternatives like Genetic Algorithms (GA) or Evolutionary Programming (EP). The ES variants that are being tested are (i) the (1+1)-ES, (ii) the $({\mu}/{\rho}+{\lambda})-{\sigma}$-SA-ES, (iii) the $({\mu}_I,{\lambda})-{\sigma}$-SA-ES, and (iv) the (${\mu}_w,{\lambda}$)-CMA-ES. The study is based on a six-degree-of-freedom (DOF) structural model of a shear building that is characterized by light damping (up to 5%). The envisaged analysis is taking place through Monte Carlo experiments under two different excitation types (stationary / non-stationary) and the applied ES are assessed in terms of (i) accurate modal parameters extraction, (ii) statistical consistency, (iii) performance under noise-corrupted data, and (iv) performance under non-stationary data. The results of this suggest that ES are indeed competitive alternatives in the non-linear state-space estimation problem and deserve further attention.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.275-281
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• 2012

Embryonic stem cell-preconditioned microenvironment is important for cancer cells properitities by change cell morphology and proliferation. This microenvironment induces cancer cell reprogramming and results in a change in cancer cell properties such as differentiation and migration. The cancer microenvironment affects cancer cell proliferation and growth. However, the mechanism has not been clarified yet. Using the ES-preconditioned 3-D microenvironment model, we provide evidence showing that the ES microenvironment inhibits proliferation and reduces oncogenic gene expression. But ES microenvironment has no effect on telomerase activity, cell viability, cellular senescence, and methylation on Oct4 promoter region. Furthermore, methylation of Nanog was increase on ES-preconditioned microenvironment and supports results that no difference on RNA expression levels. Taken together, these results demonstrated that in the ES-preconditioned 3-D microenvironment is a crucial role for cancer cell proliferation not senescence.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2003

해상교통시스템은 선박, 조선자, 선박과 조선자를 둘러싼 환경으로 구성되어 있다. 항행환경은 조선환경, 교통환경, 정보사회환경으로 분류하며, 항로설계는 조선환경의 일부를 설정하는 것이다. 본 연구는 항만설비 중 항로설계기준의 적정성을 확인하기 위하여 조선자의 입장에서 직선항로와 항로만곡부에서의 조선부담감을 정량적으로 평가한 것이다. 환경스트레스모델을 이용하여 대상항로에서 항로폭, 선박전장, 선속 등의 요소를 고려하여 선박조종 난이도를 평가하고, 그 상관관계를 구하였으며 조선부담의 경감방안을 제시하였다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.619-628
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• 2021

Enterprise system (ES) reflects a significant IT commitment to achieve corporate goals and satisfy its thrust toward a sustainable competitive advantage. This research investigates the required ES architecture, the value of a well-planned ES, and the human factor capabilities that drive the effective implementation of ES from a management perception. This paper examined the critical factors shaping the business systems' performance, architecture readiness, experts' readiness, and enterprise systems planning. Based on an extensive literature review, the attributes of factors mentioned earlier were identified, classified and then statistically examined using the author's' proposed conceptual structural model. This study employs a quantitative research methodology, with a random sampling technique. This paper has used the data collected from 510 respondents working in service, engineering and health sectors in OMAN. The study model analysis utilized both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, followed by a structural equation modeling using SPSS 25 and EQS6.3 statistical tools. The results unveil a piece of remarkable and robust evidence suggesting that ES planning is the most significant aspect of influencing performance, followed by IT personnel, staff and consumers expertise, and architecture readiness.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2023

The expanding significance of energy storage (ES) technology is increasing the acceptability of power systems by augmenting renewable energy supply. To deploy such ES technologies, we must select the optimal technology that meets the requirements of the system and confirm the technical and economic feasibility of the business model based on it. Herein, we propose a method and tool for selecting the optimal ES technology and service suitable for meeting the requirements of the system, based on its performance characteristics. The method described in this study can be used to discover and apply various ES technologies and develop business models with excellent economic feasibility.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.133-137
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• 2009

Pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells isolated from inner cell mass (ICM) of blastocyst-stage embryos are capable of differentiating into various cell lineages and demonstrate germ-line transmission in experimentally produced chimeras. These cells have a great potential as tools for transgenic animal production, screening of newly-developed drugs, and cell therapy. Miniature pigs, selectively bred pigs for small size, offer several advantages over large breed pigs in biomedical research including human disease model and xenotransplantation. In the present study, factors affecting primary culture of somatic cell nuclear transfer blastocysts from miniature pigs for isolation of ES cells were investigated. Formation of primary colonies occurred only on STO cells in human ES medium. In contrast, no ICM outgrowth was observed on mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) in porcine ES medium. Plating intact blastocysts and isolated ICM resulted in comparable attachment on feeder layer and primary colony formation. After subculture of ES-like colonies, two putative ES cell lines were isolated. Colonies of putative ES cells morphologically resembled murine ES cells. These cells were maintained in culture up to three passages, but lost by spontaneous differentiation. The present study demonstrates factors involved in the early stage of nuclear transfer ES cell isolation in miniature pigs. However, long-term maintenance and characterization of nuclear transfer ES cells in miniature pigs are remained to be done in further studies.