• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-33
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• 2004

The potential of phenanthrene to induce xenobiotic responses was investigated. Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) was exposed to different levels of phenanthrene $(0.5,\;1\;and\;{\mu}M)$ for 4 weeks, Gill CYP450 content and EROD (ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation) activity were found to be significant in the flounders treated with the higher concentration of phenanthrene $(>1.0\;{\mu}M)$, however, there were no significant changes in gill PROD (penthoxyresorufin O-deethylation) activity in all treated group compared to the controls. This study demonstrated that phenanthrene has potential to induce gill cytochrome P450 and EROD enzyme in olive flounder.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.185-190
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• 2002

This study was carried out to measure the in vitro interaction of trialkyltin with the microsomal monooxygenase (MFO) system of the clam, Coelomactra antiquata. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) level and 7-ethonvesorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity were invetigated in the microsome isolated from digestive gland of the clam (C. antiquata) exposed to tributyltin chloride (TBTC), bis-tributyltinoxide (TBTO) and triphenyltin chloride (TPTC). The specific contents of CYP in clam microsome exposedto 0.4 mM TBTC, TBTO and TPTC for 20 minutes were decreased 52, 72 and $40\%$, respectively, compared to control group. The EROD activities also were inhibited by exposure to TBTO ($92\%$) and TPTC ($85\%$) except for TBTC, The level of CYP and the EROD actintles were decreased according to the OTC exposure concentrations. The toxic effects on the level of CYP and the EROD activities were in order of TPTC>TBTC>TBTO in this study. The measurement of CYP level and EROD activity could be applied as a biomarker for environmental study.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.128-136
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• 2004

CYP1A1 is known to be inducible by xenobiotic compouds such as polyciclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin(TCDD). These chemicals have been identified worldwide and can have a significant impact on the human health and well being of human and wildlife. Given these issues, the detection and quantification of these chemicals in biological, environmental and food samples is important. First, we investigated the effect of on CYP1A1 promoter activity, 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase(EROD) activity and CYP1A1 mRNA expression induced by benzo(k)fluoranthene(B(k)F) in MCF-7 cells. We found that B(k)F significantly up-regulates the level of CYP1A1 prompter activity, EROD and CYP1A1 mRNA. When cells were treated with genistein, it was not changed that EROD and CYP1A1 mRNA, compared to that of control. However, genistein inhibited the B(k)F-induced CYP1A1 promoter activity and mRNA level at high concentration. Furthermore, in this study, effects of HDAC(histone deacetvlase) inhibitors on human prostate cancer cells proliferation were examined. HC-toxin, SAHA and TSA inhibited cell proliferation in PC3 cells. A novel HDAC inhibitor, IN2001 also suppressed the growth of PC3 cells. And IN2001 and SAHA increased S phase and G2/M phase at 12 hrs treatment but cells were arrested G0/G1 phase at 45 hrs treatment. The HC-toxin treatment for 24 hrs and 48 hrs increased G0/G1 at low concentration ($0.1\mu\textrm{m}$) but increased G2/M at more than concentration of $1\mu\textrm{m}$. TSA increased G2/M phase. These findings height the possbility of developing HDAC inhibitors as potential anticancer therapeutic agents for the treatment of prostate cancer.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.573-577
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• 2003

Effects of 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) on mixed function oxygenase (MFO) in the kidneies of rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) were investigated. The cytochrome P45O (CYP) contents and NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase, NADH cytochrome b5 reductase and 7-ethoxyredorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activities of microsome, glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity of cytosol in rockfish exposed to 4-NP for 7 days using an intraperitoneal injection (25 mg/kg) were quantitatively determined. The GST activity of rockfish exposed to 4-NP were higher, up to 5.2 times higher, than those in the control fish. The activities of NADPH-and NADH-dependent reductases were inhibited. On the other hand, CYP contents and EROD activity of the 4-NP exposed fish demonstrated neither an increasing or decreasing trend.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.152-152
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• 2002

In order to understand the mechanism of action of TCDD, we have examined the effect of COX-inhibitors on cyplal activity. We observed the effect of COX-inhibitor on EROD activity in C57BL/6 mouse in vivo. And we also evaluated the effect of COX-inhibitors on cyplal mRNA, mouse cyp1a1 promoter activity and EROD activity in Hepa cell.(omitted)

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.179-184
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• 2002

Induction of cytochrome P45O (CYP) and 7-etholqresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) in the microsome exposed to 3-methylcholan-throne (MC), $\beta$-naphthoflavone (BNF) and phenobarbital-Na (PB) was investigated, Microsome was isolated from digestive gland of clam (Coelomactra antiquata) and then exposed to each chemical in concentration range of 0.1 to 1.0 mM for 7 hours. The CYP content and EROD activity in the microsome exposed to each chemical significantly increased compared to the control group. The overall CYP and EROD induction potency was in order of MC>BNF>PB. The induction response of EROD was two times higher than that of CYP level in the microsome exposed to MC, but the induction response of EROD was slightly higher than that of CYP level in BNF and PB exposure groups.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.24 no.2 s.62
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• pp.195-200
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• 2006

The response of hepatic mixed function oxygenase (MFO) system was investigated in olive flounder exposed to formalin. Hepatic microsome of olive flounder incubated in vitro with formalin demonstrated the induction of cytochrome P450 (CYP), ethoxyresorufin deethylase (EROD), cytochrome P450 reductase (P450R) and cytochrome b5 reductase (b5R) activity. In addition, olive flounder was exposed to 100, 300 and 500 ppm of formalin for 1 h and then transferred to a flow-through type of 1000 L aquarium. Hepatic MFO enzyme activity was determined for 72 h. As the result, hepatic CYP, P450R and EROD activities increased following exposure of formalin, but b5R and GST showed no significant change. These results imply that CYP and P450R can be considered as main hepatic enzymes involving in detoxification of formalin.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.375-382
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• 2004

This study was designed to investigate potential endocrine disrupting effects of several industrial wastewater effluents discharged from cosmetic, plaiting, paint, textile industry using EROD bioassay and E-Screen assay. The results of E-screen assay showed that textile industrial wastewater could act as a full agonist and cosmetics and plaiting industrial wastewater could act as a partial agonist. On the contrary, the wastewater discharged from paint industry did not show any estrogenic effect. Estrogenic activity in the effluents of cosmetic and paint industrial wastewater was lower than that in the influents indicating that the wastewater treatment process minimized the effects of discharges on water quality. Despite of these results, it was recognized that wastewater treatment was not always minimize toxic impact. In this study, increased estrogenic effect was observed in the effluents of plating and textile wastewater, and EROD activity was increased in the effluents of cosmetic and plating wastewater.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2011

In this study, the Comet assay (evaluation of DNA damage) used the fish hepatocellular carinoma cell, PLHC-1, was tried to the sediment extract obtained from freshwater to understand its applicability as a tool for monitoring sediment toxicity. In parallel, induced EROD (7-ethoxyresorufin- O-deethylase) activity and DNA damage (TEM values) in PLHC-1 cells were measured for establishing the tandem endpoints of the PLHC-1cell test to test the ecotoxicity of sediment. Among several study sites in a small river passed through downtown and industrial park area, one of them, site B, showed a higher level of EROD activity and DNA damage than other sites. It indicates that a tandem endpoints of PLHC-1 cells could be useful tools for assessing the toxicity of sediment. The sensitivity of Comet assay with PLHC-1 cells was a little higher than that with a blood cell of frog tadpoles to the solvent extract of sediment. According to the results, a PLHC-1 cell-Comet assay could be used as a useful tool for evaluating ecotoxicity of the freshwater sediment. In addition, more detailed studies are needed to the contaminated site.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Biology Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.7-11
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• 2003

Interactions of both feminizing and masculinizing chemicals inducing imposex in gastropod were investigated with a long-term exposure experiment. Imposex-free rock shell(Thais-clavigera)was exposed to TBT and other antagonistic chemicals (nonylphenol and DDT), P450 inducer (phenobarbital) and natural sex hormone (estrogen) mixtures for 60 days. None of imposexed-females were found in control, sham (ethanol) and testosterone exposure group, on the other hand imposex was induced in the TBT and all the TBT+antagonist mixture groups. After 60-day exposure, frequency of imposexed-female ranged from 31-68%. Female mean penis length (FMPL) of imposexed-female ranged from 0.87-2.58 mm, and relative penis length indices were from 7.2 to 21.2%. However, the degrees of imposex were different among the exposure groups. The FMPLS of three exposure groups (TBT+estrogen, + DDT and +nonylphe- not) were less than that of the TBT exposure group. Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activities in gastropod decreased in the TBT and all the TBT+antagonist ekposure groups compared to the control group. A negative correlation was abtained between TBT body residue and EROD activity, while a positive relationship was obtained between 737 body residue and the degree of imposex except for the TBT +DDT exposure group. Although 737 concentration was relatively high in the TBT+DDT exposure group, the TBT +DDT exposure group demonstrated low EROD activity and low degree of imposex. These results indicate that a certain antagonistic effect of DDT occurred in induction of imposex by TBT.