• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.38-47
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of perceptions of death, end-of-life (EOL) care stress, and emotional intelligence on attitudes toward EOL care among nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods: The participants were 111 nurses working in a NICU who had experienced EOL care at least once. Data were analyzed using the t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis in SPSS for Windows. Results: The mean score for perceptions of death was 3.16 out of 5, the mean score for EOL care stress was 3.61 out of 5, the mean emotional intelligence score was 4.66 out of 7, and the average score for EOL care attitudes was 2.77 out of 4. The factors affecting attitudes towards EOL care were academic degree, anxiety regarding death, negativity towards death, experiences of patient death, and emotional intelligence. The explanatory power of these variables for attitudes towards EOL care was 24.7%. Conclusion: The results of this study are expected to serve as a basic reference for the development of nursing education programs and EOL care protocols to improve attitudes toward EOL care among NICU nurses.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.663-668
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• 2008

These days, computing systems need to be intelligent for satisfying general users' ambiguous requests. In order to make a system intelligent, several methods of managing knowledge have been proposed. Especially, in ubiquitous computing environment, where various computing objects are working together for achieving the given goal, ontology can be the best solutionfor knowledge management. In this paper, we proposed a novel reasoner processing ontology-based knowledge which is expressed in EOL. As this EOL reasoner uses less computing resource, it can be easily adapted to various computing objects in ubiquitous computing environment providing easy usability of knowledge.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.255-262
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the view of life and death among ICU nurses and to analyze the problems related to end-of-life care in the current ICUs. Methods: A descriptive study design was used. The participants were 975 nurses working in the intensive care units of 16 general hospitals. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from August to December in 2016 and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Results: As a result of a correlation analysis of the data, Death perception had a significant positive correlation with EOL of nursing attitudes(r=.100, p=.002), and negative correlation with EOL stress care(r=-.221, p=<.001). The regression model explained for individual characteristics in the model, age(${\beta}=.126$, p<.001) and death perception(${\beta}=.182$, p<.001), Satisfaction of the EOL care(${\beta}=.173$, p<.001), Healing training needs on the EOL(${\beta}=-.144$, p<.001) were the most influential factors for EOL stress. Conclusion: Results reveal that ICU nurses have a moderate level of EOL stress, and that individual, age, death perception, Satisfaction of the EOL care, Healing traning needs on the EOL relevant in ICU nurses' EOL stress. Programs or interventions to reduce EOL stress and to should be developed taking into account these multidimensional factors.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.1568-1570
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• 2008

In this paper, fabrication of a $60{\times}48$ polymer TFT array with a top-gate structure on plastic substrates using a low temperature printing process will be presented and the device structure and manufacturing processes will be discussed. The polymer TFT array showed excellent air stability and uniform electrical characteristics over a large area. Finally, a 1.5 inch EPD display with 50 dpi resolution using the polymer TFT array will be demonstrated for e-film device applications.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.108-117
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• 2013

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to 1) explore nurses' attitudes toward death, coping with death, understanding and performance regarding end-of-life (EOL) care, 2) describe correlations among the above factors, and 3) determine the factors affecting nurses' EOL care performance. Methods: Study participants were 187 nurses stationed at departments that post higher mortality than others such as the oncology department, intensive care unit (ICU) and emergency department (ED). Data were collected from three urban university-affiliated hospitals. Multi-dimensional measure was performed for study instruments such as "attitude toward death", "coping with death" and "understanding and performance regarding EOL care". Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple regressions. Results: First, nurses showed significantly different attitudes toward death by age, religion, work unit and EOL care education. Younger nurses tend to score low on the understanding of EOL care, and ED nurses' score was lower than their peers at the oncology department and ICU. Second, EOL care performance was positively correlated with attitude toward death (P<0.001), coping with death (P=0.003) and understanding of EOL care (P<0.001). Third, nurses' EOL care performance was affected by work unit (P<0.001) and understanding of EOL care (P<0.001). Conclusion: Because nurses' performance was influenced by their work unit and understanding of EOL care, they should be provided with appropriate training to improve their understanding of death and EOL care according to work unit.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.421-427
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• 2009

We successfully fabricated 4.7-inch organic thin film transistors array with $640{\times}480$ pixels on flexible substrate. All the processes were done by photolithography, spin coating and ink-jet printing. The OTFT-Electrophoretic (EP) pixel structure, based on a top gate OTFT, was fabricated. The mobility, ON/OFF ratio, subthreshold swing and threshold voltage of OTFT on flexible substrate are: 0.01 ^2/V-s, 1.3 V/dec, 10E5 and -3.5 V. After laminated the EP media on OTFT array, a panel of 4.7-inch $640{\times}480$ OTFT-EPD was fabricated. All of process temperature in OTFT-EPD is lower than $150^{\circ}C$. The pixel size in our panel is $150{\mu}m{\times}150{\mu}m$, and the aperture ratio is 50 %. The OTFT channel length and width is 20 um and 200um, respectively. We also used OTFT to drive EP media successfully. The operation voltages that are used on the gate bias are -30 V during the row data selection and the gate bias are 0 V during the row data hold time. The data voltages that are used on the source bias are -20 V, 0 V, and 20 V during display media operation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.731-732
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• 2011

This paper shows a whole noise quality checking system for the new developed 6th speed automatic transmission manufactured in USA. Due to demand for manufacturing of the high NVH quality transmissions in the mass product line, some special checking system called EOL is adapted. This EOL system is using vibration analysis technologies. Through adapting vibration analysis technologies and functions likewise RMS, Crest Factor, Harmonics, Peak, Band, and Order tracking, various noise problems caused by wear, nick, and deformations could be successfully detected and predicted. Therefore, automatic transmissions manufactured in the USA could get high NVH quality.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.657-664
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• 2011

This paper shows a whole noise quality checking system for the new developed 6th speed automatic transmission manufactured in USA. Due to demand for manufacturing of the high NVH quality transmissions in the mass product line, some special checking system called EOL NVH is adapted. This EOL system is using vibration sensor and analysis technologies. Through adapting vibration analysis technologies and functions likewise RMS, crest factor, harmonics, peak, band and order tracking, various noise problems caused by wear, nick and deformations could be successfully detected and predicted. Therefore, automatic transmissions manufactured in the USA could get high NVH quality. The developing process described in this paper and results on EOL system will offer good guides to the engineers who built the next transmission factory.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.1156-1163
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• 2020

Fuel temperature coefficient (FTC) of PuO₂+ZrO₂ (ROX) fueled LWR cell is analyzed neutronically with reactor- and weapons-grade plutonium fuels in comparison with a U-free PuO₂+ThO₂ (TOX), and a conventional MOX fuel cells. The FTC value of a ROX fueled LWR is smaller compared to a TOX or a MOX fueled LWRs and becomes extremely positive especially, at EOL. This is because when fuel temperature is increased, thermal neutron spectrum is shifted to harder, which is extreme at EOL in ROX fuel than that in TOX and MOX fuels. Consequently at EOL, ²³⁹Pu and ²⁴¹Pu contributes to positive fuel temperature reactivity (FTR) in ROX fuel, while they have negative contribution in TOX and MOX fuels. The FTC problem of ROX fuel is mitigated by additive ThO₂, UO₂ or Er₂O₃. In ROX-additive fuel, the atomic density of fissile Pu becomes more than additive free ROX fuel especially at EOL, which is the main cause to improve the FTC problem. The density of fissile Pu is more effective to decrease the thermal spectrum shifts with increase the fuel temperature than additive ThO₂, UO₂ or Er₂O₃ in ROX fuel.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1793-1799
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• 2006

생산자 폐기 책임 규제 강화로 인하여, 제조업 영역이 제품 제조(BOL) 뿐만 아니라 사용, 보수(MOL)와 폐기(EOL)까지 확장 수명주기로 확대 되고 있다. 또한 EOL상에서 개별 제품에 대한 제품 복원 관리 시스템 (PRMS: Product Recovery Management System)에 관한 연구가 활발히 진행 되고 있다. 그러나 BOL, MOL과 EOL간의 정보 단절 문제, MOL상의 정보를 저장하고 사용할 수 없었던 문제는 EOL관리의 자동화를 저해한 큰 요인이다. 최근 유비쿼터스 기술의 발달로 개별 제품 추적이 가능해 졌지만, EOC 등의 식별부호(ID)만으로는 PRMS에 필요한 제품 정보를 얻을 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 제품 ID로부터 MOL상의 정보를 연결하고, 국제표준 기반 정보모델을 이용하는 PRMS를 개발한다. 이를 위해: (1) PRMS에 필요한 정보를 국제표준(ISO10303-239 등)을 기반으로 모델링하고, (2) 제품 ID를 통해 MOL상의 정보를 수집하여 제품 복원에 대한 의사결정을 수행할 수 있는 PRMS를 설계하고, (3) 시제품 구현을 통해 제안된 데이터 모델 및 시스템의 유효성을 검증한다.