• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.169-178
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• 2010

In this study, the concept of environmental-friendly architecture, where environment is importantly regarded as a design concept in modern architecture and the meaning of boundary are examined, To apply properly design methodologies along with the importance of environment, the concept of environmental-friendly architecture should be first correctly established. And as the recent rapid development of technologies provides new possibilities for environmentally-friendly architecture, it is needed to have a new boundary concept and the interpretation of the meaning of boundary differentiated from the one of existing architecture. Recently the meaning of boundary is expanding its range to the relations with its neighboring environment beyond the relations with in and out of a space and has also the role as a medium for exchange and communication instead of breaking-off. Therefore, the boundary of environmental-friendly architecture alongside physical boundary is extended to the area for communication. Here, a basic boundary of architecture is maintained, but its meaning and expressions get natural shapes. The study deals with the analysis of the concept of environmental-friendly architecture and its changes from the perspective of times, environment and social backgrounds and seeks its appropriateness centered on environmental-friendly architecture Since 1980s when the issues of human and environment were raised in earnest.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.120-131
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• 2020

Water body detection using remote sensing based on machine interpretation of satellite image is efficient for managing water resource, drought and flood monitoring. In this study, water body detection with SAR satellite image based on machine learning was performed. However, non water body area can be misclassified to water body because of shadow effect or objects that have similar scattering characteristic comparing to water body, such as roads. To decrease misclassifying, 8 combination of morphology open filtered band, DEM band, curvature band and Cosmo-SkyMed SAR satellite image band about Mokpo region were trained to semantic segmentation machine learning models, respectively. For 8 case of machine learning models, global accuracy that is final test result was computed. Furthermore, concordance rate between landcover data of Mokpo region was calculated. In conclusion, combination of SAR satellite image, morphology open filtered band, DEM band and curvature band showed best result in global accuracy and concordance rate with landcover data. In that case, global accuracy was 95.07% and concordance rate with landcover data was 89.93%.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.199-206
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• 2008

Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification means that nitrification and denitrification occur concurrently in the same reaction vessel under low DO concentration. Some mathematical models developed to simulate simultaneous nitrification and denitrification reaction, but they have the complex model structures or have limitations of model application. To solve these problems, if possible that predict the behavior of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification reaction by activated sludge model, structures of the model is less complex than previous models and applies the various operation conditions. But original activated sludge models have difficulties in representing the denitrification reaction under aerobic condition. So the aim of this study is to interpret simultaneous nitrification and denitrification reaction by modifying activated sludge model. Original activated sludge model No.1(ASM1) was selected and modified. The simulation result in modified ASM1 predicted appropriately for the measured data. This indicates the structures of ASM1 are properly improved for interpretation of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification reaction.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.293-301
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• 2016

Objectives: This paper presents the current development progress of environmental health indicators (EHIs) in the Republic of Korea and discusses the utilization, limitations and prospects of EHIs. Methods: The development process and assessment criteria of EHIs were established based on the DPSEEA (Driving force-Pressure-State-Exposure-Effect-Action) framework with reference to that of the World Health Organization-Europe. In order to explore the applicability of EHIs, a case study was performed to compare the atmospheric environmental health status between the Republic of Korea and European region countries using six indicators. Results: Through the development process, 23 indicators in five areas including air quality, indoor air quality, climate change, chemicals, and water quality were developed, mostly using national statistical data. As a result of the case study comparing environmental health indicators in air quality between the Republic of Korea and Europe, it could be useful to understand the different situation of air pollution source, emission, exposure and health effects. Conclusion: In order for EHIs to compare environmental health status and be used as an environmental health policy development tool for vulnerable areas and related factors, it is necessary to develop further indicators for various issues other than air quality and conduct additional research on their interpretation and related implications, such as policy implementation effects.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.4D
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• pp.539-546
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• 2011

Traffic accident collision interpretation is composed of various shapes, and speed variations working to the vehicle during collision are utilized as a very important factor in evaluating collision degrees between vehicles and safety of passengers who got in the vehicle. So, methods of interpreting results on speed variations utilizing simulation programs on the collision interpretation become necessary. By the way, reliability evaluation on each program is being required because various collision interpretations simulations are spread widely. This study utilized collision interpretation programs such as EDSMAC and PC-CRASH adopting completely different physical approaches, and then carried out collision experiments of one-dimensional front and two-dimensional right angle while changing values of a lot of collision factors such as vehicle's weight, center of gravity, rolling resistance, stiffness coefficient, and braking forces among early input conditions. Also, the study recognized effects of collision factors to speed variations as output results during crashing. As a result of this research, two simulation programs showed same speed variations together on the vehicle's weight, center of gravity, and braking forces. Stiffness coefficient of the vehicle reacted to EDSMAC only, and rolling resistance coefficient did not affect any particular influences on speed variations. However, there appeared a bit comparative differences from the speed variation's values, and this is interpreted as responding outcomes by applying fixed properties values to each simulation program plainly. Therefore, reliability on analysis of traffic accident collisions shall be improved by doing speed analysis after taking the fixed value of simulation programs into consideration.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 2007

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the strategies used to cope with stress and the cognitive characteristics of somatic symptom perception in patients with panic disorder. Methods : A total of 101 patients who met the DSM-IV criteria for panic disorder and 60 normal controls were recruited for participation in this study. We evaluated the subjects using The Way of Stress Coping Questionnaire (SCQ), Somato-Sensory Amplification Scale (SSAS), Symptom Interpretation Questionnaire (SIQ), and the Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS). We analyzed the data using an independent t-test and Pearson correlation analysis (p<0.05). Results : The patients who used emotionally focused coping strategies scored significantly lower on the SCQ. The patients with panic disorder showed greater amplification of body sensations in the SSAS, a significantly higher score on the physical interpretation subset of the SIQ, and a lower score on the environmental interpretation subset of the SIQ than the normal controls. The PDSS scores were positively correlated with the SSAS score and physical interpretation score on the SIQ. Conclusion : These results show that patients with panic disorder have poor emotionally focused strategies for coping with stress, greater amplification of body sensations, and a tendency towards a physical interpretation of somatic symptoms.

• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.177-188
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• 2005

Association rule mining searches for interesting relationships among items in a given large data set. Association rules are frequently used by retail stores to assist in marketing, advertising, floor placement, and inventory control. There are three primary threshold measures in association rule; support and confidence and lift. In the case of appling real world to association rules, we have some difficulties in data interpretation because we obtain many rules. In this paper, we develop the model of association rules using latent variables for environmental survey data.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.311-324
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• 2002

Toxicokinetic studies are intended to provide critical evaluation of drug disposition at toxico-logical doses and help understand the relationship between blood or tissue levels and the time course of toxic events. Relatively high dose levels wed in toxicokinetics, compared to pharmacokinetics, complicates absorption, protein binding, metabolism and elimination processes. In this mini review, frequently wed toxicokinetic models such as linear compartment models, physiological models, and nonlinear kinetic mod-ec are introduced. In addition, optimization of toxicokinetic studies, their role in the drug development process, and prediction oj human toxicokinetics based on animal data by interspecies scaling are briefly discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.53-55
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• 2005

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.149-160
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• 2006

Association rule mining searches for interesting relationships among items in a given large data set. Association rules are frequently used by retail stores to assist in marketing, advertising, floor placement, and inventory control. There are three primary threshold measures in association rule; support and confidence and lift. In the case of appling real world to association rules, we have some difficulties in data interpretation because we obtain many rules. In this paper, we develop the model of association rules using latent variables for environmental survey data.