• KIEAE Journal
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.57-62
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• 2016

Purpose: A lot of active researches have addressed the impact of a building on global environment, but most of the researches focus on a residential building and a large office building. Hereupon, this study assessed the impact on environment quantitatively through the analysis of input materials targeting a school building. Method:This study calculated embodied energy of input materials suggested in a construction statement on a school building using the input-output analysis. This study finally carried out environmental impact assessment by applying LCIA DB shown in the preceding researches to the calculated embodied energy. Result: The analysis result revealed that the environmental impact per unit area(/$m^2$) at a school building was $4.11E-02PE{\cdot}yr$, among which Construction was found to be $3.59E-02PE{\cdot}yr$, being analyzed to account for about 87% of the total environmental impact. Also, as a result of detailed environmental impact, the impact on global warming among the total environmental impact was analyzed to be high, accounting for about 76%.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.41-47
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• 1993

During the last years it became more and more difficult to deal with environmental conflicts using traditional political instruments in industrialized countries. One reason for the occurring problems might be the citizens' awareness of scarceness of nature. Another reason might be the changing legislation with the introduction of the environmental impact assessment (EIA) as an integral part of a project's licensing procedure. The EIA offers new possibilities for citizens to interfere in decision processes and to obstruct projects. The changing situation requires new instruments for conflict solving. Mediation may be considered an alternative or completion to the traditional political instruments. It is a systematic strategy for conflict treatment and. with the support of an independent mediator, allows to reach an agreement among all parties involved. Mediation may be introduced in the EIA One possibility offers the scoping date, which, if the participation of the public is assured, might avoid heavy disputes in the further process. Another connection between the instrument of mediation and the EIA could be the use of the environmental impact study (EIS) as information background for a mediation process. EIA would then be source of information about all environmental aspects. Thus the role of EIA would be extended to being a part of conflict analysis in the alternative dispute resolution process.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.165-178
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• 2006

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management Systems (EMS) are perceived by many to be separate environmental tools. EIA serves as a systematic and predictive tool for assessing the potentially significant impacts of developments on the environment. An EMS, on the other hand, is used to consider the key impacts of operational businesses on the environment. The main difference to note is that during the EIA process impacts on developments are predicted. A proposed development has yet to be built and therefore an element of uncertainty is associated with these assessments. With an EMS, the business or organization's processes are already in operation. Even though there is also an element of prediction involved, it is a comparatively easier task to investigate what the environmental impacts of these processes are. However, in contrast with the orientation of EIA to further development actions, EMS involves the review, assessment and incremental improvement of an existing organization's environmental effects. EMS can thus be regarded as a continuation of EIA principles into the operational stage of a policy, plan, program and project. EIA may be carried out without fully supporting necessary informations to EMS.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.809-818
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• 2005

Comprehensive environmental impact of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was evaluated with life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology based on ISO 14040. As environmental impact assessment method, Eco-indicator 95 and Eco-indicator 99 were used. The studied WWTP had a capacity of $100,000m^3/d$, and its life span of civil structure and main machinery was designed to 40 years and 20 years, respectively. As the results, more than 95% of environmental impact was produced by using electricity and chemical use in operation stage. In construction stage, temporary shoring facility was the major reason of environmental load, however, its impact was much less than those by operation utilities.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.173-189
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• 2005

A life-cycle assessment (LCA) is based on the attention given to the environmental protection and concerning the possible impact while producing, making, and consuming products. It includes all environmental concerns and the potential impact of a product's life cycle from raw material procurement, manufacturing, usage, and disposal (that is, from cradle to grave). This study assesses the environmental impact of the ultra pure water process of semiconductor manufacturing by a life-cycle assessment in order to point out the heavy environmental impact process for industry when attempting a balanced point between production and environmental protection. The main purpose of this research is studying the development and application of this technology by setting the ultra pure water of semiconductor manufacturing as a target. We evaluate the environmental impact of the Precoat filter process and the Cation/Anion (C/A) filter process of an ultra pure water manufacturing process. The difference is filter material used produces different water quality and waste material, and has a significant, different environmental influence. Finally, we calculate the cost by engineering economics so as to analyze deeply the minimized environmental impact and suitable process that can be accepted by industry. The structure of this study is mainly combined with a life-cycle assessment by implementing analysis software, using SimaPro as a tool. We clearly understand the environmental impact of ultra pure water of semiconductor used and provide a promotion alternative to the heavy environmental impact items by calculating the environmental impact during a life cycle. At the same time, we specify the cost of reducing the environmental impact by a life-cycle cost analysis.

• 한국터널공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.63-74
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• 2005

The environmental influence in tunnel construction is the drying of the ground water, the drop of the ground water level, and noise and vibration by tunnel excavation. The environmental influence can cause the change of natural ecosystem and the source of popular complaints. In case of popular complaints, the tunnel construction can be stopped or the construction period can be extended. Also, the financial loss may be reached to hundreds of billions won. The technology development to minimize the environmental influence in the tunnel construction is very important in order to control popular complaints and to preserve ecosystem. It should be required the investigation, the evaluation, and the assessment of environmental impact to reduce environmental influence in the tunnel construction. The objective of this research is to review the environmental impact assessment in Korea and to introduce the environmental protection technology which minimizes the environmental influence generated in the tunnel construction.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.189-196
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• 1997

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.15-28
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• 2010

Because deterioration of air quality and urban heat island directly harm health of citizens, Health Impact Assessment (HIA) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for urban development projects needs to conduct analysis of their impacts objectively. This study aims to review appropriate methods for assessment of air quality used at each stage of urban development and to investigate prediction and assessment methods of urban heat island. In addition, by evaluating impacts of climate change following supposed urban construction performed in the central area of Korea on public health, it examines usefulness of HIA for urban construction. When urban heat island prediction and HIA method suggested in this study are applied to an imaginary city, they predict urban heat island properly and the impacts of climate changes on public health inside the city could be determined clearly by calculating life-climate index and bio-climate index related with thermal environment from the model.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.357-365
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• 2010

This study evaluated current status of marine sand mining and related assessment systems in Korea for supporting effective policy development. The estimated total deposit of sand was ca. 10 billion $m^3$, while the estimated minable amount was ca. 5.5 billion $m^3$, in which marine sand accounted for 21%. The proportion of marine sand to the total mined aggregates has steadily increased by 15% in 1992 to 28% in 2002, but recently slightly decreased. Marine sand mining is regulated under a consultation system on the coastal development according to the "Marine Environmental Management Act". During 2002-2009, a total of 184 million $m^3$ of marine sand was mined, and the annual amount ranged from 17,440,000-33,698,000 $m^3$ the coastal area accounted for 64.5% and the Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) 35.5%. In the coastal area, the major area supplying the marine sand was Gyeonggi Bay (>62%) followed by some southwestern coastal areas. The South and the West EEZ explained 23.9% and 11.6% of the total mined sand. The extent of marine sand mining in Korea was evaluated to be greater compared with other countries. Large-scale concentrated and repeated sand mining can damage environmental changes and ecology with long-term accumulated impacts.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.195-202
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• 2005

The health risks from the magnetic fields exposure have been brought out difficulties in the construction of transformer substation. According to several epidemiologic studies and the relevant international organizations, magnetic fields should not exceed the exposure limits of 3mG for the people living near electric power lines. The rigid regulation of the exposure levels for the elementary school and residental areas has been established already in Switzerland and Italy. Since 1998, the environmental impact assessment system in Korea has been reviewed for power-frequency magnetic field by precautionary policies. In this study, the possible application of Prior Environmental Performance Review System for the transformer substation was reviewed from the points of the properties of the powerfrequency magnetic fields. The ranges and survey methods of the assessment for the transformer substation were proposed. The ranges of magnetic fields was between 300m to 500m for the 345kV transformer substation. It is necessary to develop further specific assessment methods for various high-voltage transformer substations.