• 환경영향평가
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.71-91
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• 1995

In order to develop an appropriate set of criteria applicable for environmental impact assessment (EIA) of natural forest 8 items are proposed. The criteria are vegetation distribution area (DA), distribution pattern (DP), size (S), diameter of breast height of tree (DBH), humus (H), sustainment (ST), successional stage (SS) and impact of adjacent ecosystem (IAE), Each criterion has an interval which minimum 1 score to maximum 5 score Forest Evaluation Index (FEI) was obtained as the sum of 8 criteria value. Above 70% is considered to be absolutely conservative and from 50% to 70% range of total score is to be considered conservative. In the case of the Sancho˘ng Pumping-up Power Plant of Mt. Chiri, 8 criteria were applied base on actual vegetation map. Pinus densiflora community got 73%(29 scores) and Quercus variabilis - Q. serrata community got 60%(24 scores). This may be said that this local vegetation has high ecological potentiality. These criteria cannot always be absolutely evaluation tool. So it is expected to take the more time to be developed further, and holistically added by the other field such as fauna, geological feature etc.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제33권5_3호
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• pp.799-807
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• 2017

환경영향평가는 개발사업의 해로운 환경영향 감소를 위해 시행되는 규제적 성격의 제도이다. 그러나 환경가치는 계량화가 어렵고 불확실성이 따르기 때문에 제도 운영의 객관성 및 신뢰성 저하 문제가 지속적으로 지적되어 온 실정이다. 따라서 데이터 기반 환경영향평가제도의 필요성이 점차 높아지고 있는데, 특히 환경영향평가는 특정 지역의 개발에 대한 내용을 담기 때문에 공간정보의 비중이 높아 환경공간정보의 활용 가능성이 높은 분야이다. 또한 사후환경관리제도의 도입에 따라 환경정보의 시계열적 제공 및 활용체계가 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 환경영향평가의 제도적 특징을 통해 정보제공체계의 필요성을 도출하고 기존 환경정보 활용체계를 분석하였다. 그리고 이를 토대로 공신력 있는 환경공간정보 제공방안을 제시하여 환경영향평가제도의 한계점 개선을 위한 정책적 함의를 찾고자 하였다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.369-382
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• 2003

Natural resources managers have considered the landscape without detailed consideration of aesthetic values of the landscape and geomorphological significance of unique landforms. Since EIA system was introduced in 1981, values associated with landscape protection have been neglected at best compared with those values traditionally attributed to environmental protection, including clean air, water quality and species protection. Black top highways are being built without consideration of harmful effects to the sea cliffs. Sea walls and tetrapod are being installed to protect the coastal towns and fish markets for tourist. However, beach itself are experiencing accelerated erosion due to the shortage of proper coastal engineering expertise. Hotels and condominiums are under construction on a massive scale around the national parks, which substitute the scenic ridges with concrete profiles. To protect the scenic beauty of national parks, their design and construction material should be more harmonious with the surroundings. Therefore, visual impact assessment should be applied both within the national park boundary and beyond to enhance the aesthetic values of national parks.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.616-625
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• 2019

건강영향평가는 개발사업 시행에 따른 사람의 건강에 미치는 영향을 예측하여 건강피해를 최소화하기 위한 목적으로 환경영향평가 내에서 시행되고 있다. 하지만 건강영향평가 시 유해대기오염물질 배출량 산정방법에 대한 일관성 부족으로 건강영향평가 매뉴얼 개선이 필요하나, 아직 개정은 되지 않고 있다. 본 연구는 실제 산업단지 개발 사례 및 기 수행된 건강영향평가를 중심으로 유해대기오염물질 배출량 산정 시 매뉴얼에 제시된 원단위 산정 방법을 다르게 적용한 4가지 사례를 선정하여 각각 배출량을 산정하였다. 각 산정된 배출량을 토대로 CALPUFF 모델을 이용한 확산농도 예측 후, 노출농도를 기준으로 위해성 평가를 시행하였다. 위해성 평가 결과, 배출량 산정 방법별 위해도 수준의 차이가 비교적 크게 나타남에 따라, 배출량 산정시 원단위 적용에 대한 매뉴얼 개선이 필요한 것으로 검토되었다. 또한 배출량 산정 시 근거자료 활용에 대한 일관성, 건강영향평가에 최적화된 배출계수 개발, 현황 조사에 대한 신뢰성 향상이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.99-117
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• 2019

Environmental impact assessment (EIA), which predicts, evaluates, and manages the influences on natural landscape, plays a role of monitoring natural resources for systematic management of natural landscape. However, the function of verification and correction of the system is still insufficient and feed-back, one of the most important features of EIA follow-up, has not been introduced in Korea's EIA system yet. As a procedure, it is required to check if the opinions of the evaluators are properly reflected to the outcomes of the project through a reviewing process after assessing environmental impacts of a development project. In reality, despite the awareness about the importance of follow-up inspection of the conformity with, the system mainly focuses on the agreement during the planning stage of the development project and fails to continuously manage after its completion. There have been various preceding studies related to prediction, evaluation, and management of environmental impacts on natural landscape for better management. They primarily dealt with the problems in the EIA process and suggested improvement measures, including directions for institutional development, step-by-step goals, and operation methods, to address the problems which arise in the EIA follow-up process. However, suggested measures are not actively applied with the focus only put on institutional operation, there are virtually no standardized methods to predict and assess landscape changes due to the development project and to manage landscape after the project. Against this backdrop, this study aims to explore the existing methods to analyze the impacts natural landscape and to establish a system where landscape management is continued after the development project. To this end, we will suggest reducing methods according to the predicted changes in landscape for post-project management of natural landscape. Characteristics of reduction methods by project type were examined through reviewing the guide to natural landscape rating and the importance of development project impacts on natural landscape by type of reduction was evaluated through questionnaire for experts. Evaluated types of reduction are classified and presented by characteristics of each development project and content of reduction type.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.407-419
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• 2007

This study investigated the predicted and abserved outflow of groundwater which occurred during tunnel constructions. Among the 586 road construction projects from 1986 to 2006, 4 route 25 tunnel construction areas and 26 waste water treatment facilities under construction were studied. Most of the tunnel outflow prediction in EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) process have been classified into the 17 types of units depending on the assessor's options, which have not conformed to the request of the residents and non government organizations. The investigation results showed that the outflow of underground water in tunnel construction areas averaged about $0.133m^3/km{\cdot}min$ with the maximum $0.386m^3/km{\cdot}min$, and that the outflow mostly occurred in the early stage of tunnel excavation and diminished gradually. The prediction of outflow of underground water in the EIA process showed excessive results compared to observed outflow, the even 51.7 times. Consequently for more realistic prediction, current EIA method for prediction of outflow of underground water in tunnel construction areas has to adopt numerical methods coupled with hydraulics and geologic informations from unit methods of present time.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.171-188
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• 2003

Environmental Impact Assessment(ElA) in Korea has been used to improve environmental conservation and decision-making since environmental impact statement(EIS) was introduced in 1981 with the promulgation of the Environmental Preservation Act in 1977. which replaoed the Pollution Control Act legislated in 1%3. Together with a rapid growth of environmental perception as well as the diversification of development activities, however, it has recently bring about a strong demand for a new assessment process related to the strategic level of policies, plan, programs. In order to overcome such a limit in ElA system, Prior Environmental Review System(PERS) was introduced for assessment of administrative plans mainly concerned with development projects in 1993. In 1999. the regulations for PERS have been established by an amendment of the Basic Environmental Policy Act.Therefore the foundation of EIA system to integrate environmental concerns in planning processes and project works has been refonned. However the results of the execution of PERS were somewhat insuffident due to the institutional and technical matters. As the world's attention turns to sustainability and the considerations of cumulative effects, the concept of strategic envirorunental assessment(SEA) has taken on more significance and urgency and increasing number of countries and international organizations now undertake some form of SEA. The term SEA, however, is variously defined and understood, generally it means a formal process of systematic analysis of the envirorunental effects of development policies, plans, programmes and other proposed strategic actions. This process extends the aims and principles of EIA upstream in the decision-making process, beyond the project level and when major alternatives are still open. In this paper, we are discussing the significance of SEA and its relevance to EIA and the international trends and institutionalization of SEA. In conclusion we are discussing the comprehensive developing plan for SEA in Korea, then proposing a plan to make institutional arrangements for its application.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 1992

As the environmental concerns in Korea have shifted gradually from the environmental pollutions to the quality of life (QOL) enhancement, it has become increasingly important to implement comprehensive assessment of environmental quality as possible. This is the major reason to develop Environmental Assessment Index. This study focuses on indices development of factors in Environmental Impact Statement Preparation Regulation. Environment in this regulation is composed of natural environment, life environment and socio-economic environment, and it is composed of 22 factors. EAI(Environmental Assessment Index)studied in this research is integrated by 16 factors. It will contribute to public participation in Environmental Impact Assessment process and environmental policy.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.337-348
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• 2011

Urban environmental problem became one of major issues during its urbanization processes. Environmental impacts are assessed during recent urban planning and development. Though the environmental impact assessment considers meteorological impact as a minor component, changes in wind environment during development can largely affect the distribution pattern of air temperature, humidity, and pollutants. Impact assessment of local wind is, therefore, a major element for impact assessment prior to any other meteorological impact assessment. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models are utilized in various fields such as in wind field assessment during a construction of a new building and in post analysis of a fire event over a mountain. CFD models require specially formatted input data and produce specific output files, which can be analyzed using special programs. CFD's huge requirement in computing power is another hurdle in practical use. In this study, a CFD model and related software processors were automated and integrated as a microscale wind environmental impact assessment system. A supercomputer system was used to reduce the running hours of the model. Input data processor ingests development plans in CAD or GIS formatted files and produces input data files for the CFD model. Output data processor produces various analytical graphs upon user requests. The system was used in assessing the impacts of a new building near an observatory on wind fields and showed the changes by the construction visually and quantitatively. The microscale wind assessment system will evolve, of course, incorporating new improvement of the models and processors. Nevertheless the framework suggested here can be utilized as a basic system for the assessment.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.303-308
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• 2004

It is recently reported that the importance of environmental impact assessment(EIA) about groundwater outflow problems is beingy raised in the case of tunnel excavation during railroad construction. The EIA about groundwater outflow into railroad tunnel is generally performed using the results of numerical analysis embodied through groundwater flow modeling program like MODFLOW. The basic data for this modeling include (1) the geological and hydrogeological investigation data along the planned block of tunnel excavation, (2) total amount of outflowed groundwater during tunnel excavation, and (3) the status of groundwater level fluctuation in the water-supply wells distributed in the planned block of tunnel excavation. In this study, the authors analyzed the cases of the computational modeling about groundwater outflow in three planned blocks of railroad tunnel, and suggest the environmental impact factors and mitigation plan during EIA of tunnel excavation in railroad construction.