• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2006

This study was done to investigate the protective effect of novel 9-amino-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroacridine derivatives on the hepatoprotective effect intoxicated rats induced by carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$). A series of currently derivatives of 9-amino-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroacridine have been prepared through the alkly substitution or the ring expansion for the treatment of the Alzheimer's disease. The activities of aminotransferase (aspartate and alanine) and contents of alkaline phosphatase, triglyceride and glutathione S-transferase in 9-amino-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroacridine derivatives pretreated rats were significantly decreased compared to the only carbon tetrachloride treated rats but the contents of cholesterol were increased compared to the only $CCl_4$ treated rats. The result indicated that 9-amino-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroacridine derivatives showed hepatoprotective effect in $CCl_4$ treated rats.

• 대한암한의학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.47-61
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• 2010

Objective : The aim of this present study is to evaluate the inhibitory effect of allergen removed Rhus verniciflua (ARV) on Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) which is considered to have a clinically important role in tumor metastasis. Methods : The inhibitory effects of standardized extract of ARV on the MMP-2, MMP-9 were investigated by spectrofluorometer while the inhibitory effects on the active MMP-2, pro MMP-2, pro MMP-9 were investigated by zymography. Antimetastatic effect of standardized extract of ARV was investigated in vitro on human fibrosarcoma cell (HT1080)'s invasion through Matrigel. Results : The standardized extract of ARV showed inhibitory effects on the active MMP-2 (IC50, $1.01{\mu}g$/ml), active MMP-9 (IC50, $2.5{\mu}g$/ml) depending on concentrations which was determined by spectrofluorometer. The standardized extract of ARV showed inhibitory effects on the active MMP-2, pro MMP-2, pro MMP-9 depending on concentrations which was determined by zymography. However its inhibitory effect on pro MMP-9 was relatively weaker rather than active MMP-2, pro MMP-2. The standardized extract of ARV showed inhibitory effects in vitro on human fibrosarcoma cell (HT1080)'s invasion through Matrigel according to concentration. Conclusions : These results indicate that standardized extract of ARV has antimetastatic effect through inhibit again MMP-2, MMP-9. Also its inhibitory effect is more powerful on active MMP-2, pro MMP-2 than on active MMP-9, pro MMP-9. It is necessary to conduct further studies on other MMP families, TIMP, and each component of standardized extract of ARV.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.316-326
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• 2006

Backgrounds & Objects: The aim of this study was to investigate the radioprotective effect of Shengmai-san(SMS), a herbal medicine, on mice jejunal crypt cell survival and Apoptosis. Methods: Mice were devided into 4 groups according to radiation dose and SMS treatment: Normal was the group without irradiation. Control was the group treated with D.W before 10 Gy irradiation. SMS 2.9 was sample group treated with 2.9 mg/10 g of SMS extract before 10 Gy irradiation and SMS 29 was sample group treated with 29 mg/10 g of SMS extract before 10 Gy irradiation. And Each group were sacrificedat 24 hours and 72 hours after irradiation. To analyze the crypt survival, hematoxylin-eosin staining was used and to analyze the apoptosis, the TUNEL assay was done. Results: 1. From the microcolony survival assay, the SMS 2.9 and SMS 29 showed the radioprotective effect with a statistical significance compared to the control group at 24 hr (P < 0.01) and 72 hr (p < 0.001) after 10 Gy irradiatien. And the differences of radioprotective effect between SMS 2.9 and SMS 29 were net significant. 2. The results of the TUNEL assay showed that the apoptotic index in SMS 2.9 and SMS 29 was significantly decreased, as compared to the control group at both 24 hr ( p < 0.01) and 72 hr (SMS 2.9 : p < 0.001. SMS 29 : P < 0.01) after 10Gy irradiation And the differences of between SMS 2.9 and SMS 29 were not significant. Conclusions: It could be suggested that the Shengmai-san has a prominent Protective effect in mice intestines against the radiation damage. And the radieprotective effect seems to be related to inhibition of the apoptosis.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.911-913
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• 1997

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1629-1635
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• 2006

The migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and the production of matrix metallopreteinases-9 (MMP-9) may play a key role in the development of atherosclerosis. In this study, we have more extensively investigated the inhibitory effect of UR on MMP-9 activity and TNF-${\alpha}$ induced human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC) migration. The result from gelatin zymography showed that UR inhibited MMP-9 activity in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 = 55 g/ml). In addition, UR strongly inhibited the migration of HASMC induced by TNF-treatment (IC50 = 125 g/ml), although it has very low cytotoxic effect on HASMC (IC50 > 500 g/ml). These results suggest that UR is a potential anti-atherosclerotic agent through inhibition of MMP-9 activity and VSMC migration.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.351-355
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• 1995

용매(MeOH, EtOH, CHCI$_{3}$/MeOH Water)를 달리한 마추출물의 broiling과 panfrying의 조리법 변이원과 2-AF, benzo(a)pyrene, sodium azide 등의 화학적으로 유도된 순수변이원에 대한 억제효과를 검색하였다. 대사활성물질인 S9 mixture 무첨가시 조리법 변이원에 대한 변이원과 용매종류 및 변이원과 용매사이의 상호관계성은 유의적인 차이를 보였으나, S9 mixture 첨가시에는 변이원, 마, 용매종류들사이 에 유의성을 보였다. 특히 S9 mixture 첨가시 높은 억제효과를 보였던 산마 EtOH 추출물은 panfrying 변이원에 대한 억제효과는 컸으나 조리법 변이원에 포함되었을 것으로 예상되었던 benzo(a)pyrene에 대해서는 억제효과가 낮았다. 순수변이원로서 sodium azide에 대한 마추출물은 산마가 25.4%로, 9.1%인 재배마보다 높았으나 용매에 따른 유의성은 없었다. 2-AF는 마종류에 대한 유의성은 없었으나 Water가 26.2%, MeOH가 41.9%, EtOH가 45.0%, CHCI$_{3}$/MeOH가 84.0%로서 높은 억제효과를 보였다. 특히 산마의 CHCI$_{3}$/MeOH 추출물은 plate당 10 mg 농도에서 가장 높은 91.5%의 억제효과를 보였을뿐 아니라 plate당 1 mg 농도에서도 67%의 높은 억제효과를 나타내었다. 이상과 같이, 본 실험에 사용된 변이원 중 2-AF에 대한 산마 CHCI$_{3}$/MeOH 추출물이 단위 추출물당 억제활성이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.515-520
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• 2002

In general, we use the hierarchical Poisson-gamma model for the Poisson data in generalized linear model. Time effect will be emphasized for the analysis of the observed data to be collected annually for the time period. An extended model with time effect for estimating the effect is proposed. In particularly, we discuss the Quasi likelihood function which is used to numerical approximation for the likelihood function of the parameter.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2012

2003년 KLIPS 자료를 사용하여 1954년부터 1973년에 태어난 임금근로자들에게 있어서 맏이(first-born)의 임금에 대한 효과를 추정하였다. 연령, 여성 등만을 사용한 절제된 임금함수로부터 추정된 맏이 효과는 7.3%였으며 교육연수 등 다양한 변수들이 추가되어도 이 추정계수는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었고 교육연수, 근속연수, 결혼 여부, 아버지의 교육연수, 형제자매 수, 건강 등을 통제하면서 추정된 맏이 효과도 7.6%로 거의 차이가 없었다. 임금근로자를 남자와 여자로 나누어서 추정하면 맏형의 임금이 남동생들의 임금에 비해 5.3~6.9% 높으며, 맏언니의 임금이 여동생들에 비해 8.8~9.9% 높은 것으로 추정되었다.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.133-136
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• 2007

We have carried out the study of magnetocaloric effect for as-quenched and annealed $Fe_{91-x}Y_xZr_9$ alloys. Samples were prepared by arc melting the high-purity elemental constituents under argon gas atmosphere and by single roller melt spinning. These alloys were annealed one hour at 773 K in vacuum chamber. The magnetization behaviours of the samples were measured by vibrating sample magnetometer. The Curie temperature increases with increasing Y concentration (x=0 to 8). Temperature dependence of the entropy variation ${\Delta}S_M$ was found to appear in the vicinity of the Curie temperature. The results show that annealed $Fe_{86}Y_5Zr_9$ and $Fe_{83}Y_8Zr_9$ alloys a bigger magnetocaloric effect than that those in as-quenched alloys. The value is 1.23 J/kg K for annealed $Fe_{86}Y_5Zr_9$ alloy and 0.89 J/kg K for as-quenched alloy, respectively. In addition, the values of ${\Delta}S_M$ for $Fe_{83}Y_8Zr_9$ alloy is 0.72 J/Kg K for as-quenched and 1.09 J/Kg K for annealed alloy, respectively.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.69-73
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• 2002

본 연구는 제작된 평행평판형 검출기에서 두 전극간의 거리에 따른 극성효과의 정도를 확인하기 위하여 실행되었다. 개발된 전리함의 극성효과를 측정하기 위하여 평행평판형 전리함의 윗면과 아래 면의 전극에 극성을 바꾸어가며 방사선을 조사하고 그에 의하여 생성된 전하를 측정하여 두 양을 비교하였다. 실험은 두 전극간의 거리가 3, 6, 10 mm 일 때 각각의 명목상 체적이 0.9, 1.9, 3.1 cc인 평행평판형 전리함에 대하여 실행하였다. 조사된 방사선은 6, 10 MV 광자선과 4, 6, 9, 12, 16 MeV의 전자선이며, SSD는 100 cm 이었고, 조사면 크기는 광자선의 경우는 10$\times$10 ㎤ 이고 전자선의 경우는 10$\times$10 $\textrm{cm}^2$을 사용하였으며, 측정점은 최대선량점이고, 선량률은 240 MU/min 으로 하였다. 평행평판형 전리함의 극성의 변환은 평행평판형 전리함의 윗면 즉, 방사선이 입사되는 면의 전극이 (+)극을 갖고 아래 면이 (-)극을 갖는 positive와 방사선이 입사되는 면의 전극이 (-)극을 갖고 아래 면이 (+)극을 갖게 되는 negative 측정으로 시행하였다. 실험결과는 광자선의 경우는 0.5 % 이내의 극성효과를 나타냈고, 전자선의 경우는 1% 에서 3.5% 까지 나타났으며, 높은 에너지를 갖는 16 MeV 전자선의 경우가 다른 에너지의 전자선의 경우 보다 극성효과의 영향이 적음을 알 수 있다.