• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.1097-1102
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• 2010

In this paper, the energy flow analysis(EFA) of the body-in-white door of a real automotive was performed using the energy flow finite element method(EFFEM) to effectively predict the vibrational responses of built-up structures in the medium to high frequency range. To increase the validity of EFA results, the structural hysteresis damping loss factor was measured by the experiment using the concept of statistical energy analysis(SEA). As the excitation frequency increases, the predicted results simulated with EFFEM generally agree with the experimental results.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.648-655
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• 2005

Effects of two types of formula designed for commercial product on forced-swimming capacity and related biochemical parameters of Sprague-Dawley rats were evaluated. Treatment groups were fed diet supplemented with 4.56% formula A (EFA: exercise-trained and formula A-supplemented group) or B (EFB: exercise-trained and formula B-supplemented group) for 4 weeks. All groups were regularly trained twice a week to be accustomed to swimming. After 4 weeks, each group was divided into two subgroups: 90 min swimming (90-min subgroups) and swimming until exhaustion (all-out subgroups). Serum was collected, and skeletal muscles were dissected out after swimming. Forced-swimming time until exhaustion was significantly longer (p<0.05) in EFA and EFB groups than that of exercised control group. Among 90-min subgroups, serum ammonia level of EFB group was significantly lower than that of exercised control group (p<0.05). Among all-out subgroups, serum lactate levels were not significantly different among exercised control and treatment groups, whereas serum-free fatty acid levels of EFA and EFB groups were significantly lower than that of exercised control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, EFA and EFB groups enhanced forced swimming capacity of rats by increasing fat utilization and delaying accumulation of serum fatigue factor.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.355-372
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• 2004

In vitro experiments were conducted to determine the formation of fatty acid soaps (FAS) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) disappearance rate. The substrates were a basal alfalfa hay containing 1) no oil, 2) 10% soybean oil, 3) 10% com oil, on a weight basis. All the substrates were incubated in triplicate for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48h in each experiment. After the incubation in the first experiment serum bottles (6oml) were analyzed for nonesterified, esterifed and fatty acid soaps contents. The serum bottles (120mI) from the second experiment were analyzed for pH, $NH_3-N$ and VFA concentration, and dry matter and NDF disappearance rate. pH decreased and the concentration of NH3-N increased significantly with longer incubation time (P<0.0001). The disappearance rates of dry matter and NDF significantly varied with feed, incubation time and oils (P<0.05). The molar concentration of total VFA increased and proportion of acetate significantly decreased with incubation time (P<0.0001), but the proportion of propionate significantly increased with longer incubation time (P<0.0001). Addition of oils to diet lowered the ratio of acetate:propionate (P<0.05). The esterified fatty acids (EFA) decreased with increasing incubation time (P<0.0001), and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) increased due to lipolysis of EFA, NEFA then reacted with cations to increase formation of FAS. The formation of FAS increased significantly at 48h of incubation time (P<0.0001). Especially, formation of stearic acid soaps was 27.5 and 32.5 folds with soybean oil and com oil supplements, respectively, by 48h of incubation time (P<0.0001). Alfalfa hay had higher cation contents, particularly Ca, which react with NEFA and FAS can be formed with longer incubation time. Saturated fatty acids had a higher proportion of FAS than did unsaturated fatty acids, suggesting that the former may react more extensively with cations. FAS contents increased with increasing chain length of the fatty acids. Since added vegetable oils fonned FAS, it might decrease negative effects on in vitro fermentation characteristics and NDF disappearance rate.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 2021

The resistance of soil to the tractive force of flowing water is one of the essential parameters for the stability of the soil when directly exposed to the movement of water such as in rivers and ocean beds. Biopolymers, which are new to sustainable geotechnical engineering practices, are known to enhance the mechanical properties of soil. This study addresses the surface erosion resistance of river-sand treated with several biopolymers that originated from micro-organisms, plants, and dairy products. We used a state-of-the-art erosion function apparatus with P-wave reflection monitoring. Experimental results have shown that biopolymers significantly improve the erosion resistance of soil surfaces. Specifically, the critical shear stress (i.e., the minimum shear stress needed to detach individual soil grains) of biopolymer-treated soils increased by 2 to 500 times. The erodibility coefficient (i.e., the rate of increase in erodibility as the shear stress increases) decreased following biopolymer treatment from 1 × 10-2 to 1 × 10-6 times compared to that of untreated river-sands. The scour prediction calculated using the SRICOS-EFA program has shown that a height of 14 m of an untreated surface is eroded during the ten years flow of the Nakdong River, while biopolymer treatment reduced this height to less than 2.5 m. The result of this study has demonstrated the possibility of cross-linked biopolymers for river-bed stabilization agents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.71-72
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• 2015

As this study is the one related to the ultra high strength concrete essentially used for high rise buildings, it has analyzed on the flowability of ultra high strength concrete according to the variation of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate. The coarse aggregate was planned as two types including Granite Aggregate (GA) and crushed coarse Limestone Aggregate (LA) while fine aggregate was planned as four types including Sea Sand (SS), Limestone Crushed Fine Aggregates (LFA), Electric Arc Furnace Oxidizing Slag Aggregates (EFA) and Crushed Sand (CS) to perform experiment with a total of eight variables. As a result of analyzing slump flow, 500mm concentration time, U-Box and L-Flow, etc. among the characteristics of fresh concrete, a mix using LA+LFA is determined to show high flowability in case of applying ultra high strength concrete.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.159-167
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• 2019

The current higher education in Vietnam demonstrates the intense competition among local universities. Undoubtedly, the issue of enhancing the brand value to attract students is now placed at the top to Vietnamese universities. The research aims to identify the objective and subjective factors affecting the brand value of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam as mediated by students' perceptions. This paper employs the mixed research methods and data were then analyzed by measuring Cronbach's Alpha coefficient for reliability, analyzing EFA, and using PATH model to test the experiment on the research model affecting HUTECH's brand value. Probability sampling used is Stratified sampling and 500 students of 8 faculties of HUTECH surveyed by convenience sampling. Additionally, this paper also proposes some managerial implications on enhancing the brand value of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City. The results indicate that the new factor, namely geographic location is the most influential factor to enhance the brand value of private universities in general and HUTECH in particular. Brand still plays a determinant role in students' trust when choosing a university. Finally, some implications proposed to enhance the brand value of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City in the context of fierce competition in attracting students.