• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.674-682
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of applying oriental music therapy and reliability of electroencephalogram(EEG) equipment. The study was approved by the critical trial judge committee from ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$(IRB No. 2013-07) university. In order to measure test-retest reliability for 15 subjects, EEG for same participants were measured using same method mentioned above after 2 hours from the first measurement. Same provider implemented to each person at same time. Firstly, EEG was measured for 5 minutes after the subject with attached electrodes sat on chair comfortably for 10 minutes. Then, the subject was given mental stress using the four fundamental arithmetic operations for 5 minutes, and measured EEG for another 5 minutes. After that the subject sat on the chair comfortably listening oriental medicine music therapy for 5 minutes, and EEG was measured for 5 minutes again. There was no side effect regarding music therapy reported. Raw data, which was measured in each step, were converted through FFT(fast fourier transform) and analyzed after divided into certain frequency including ${\alpha}$ wave, ${\beta}$ wave, ${\theta}$ wave, immersion wave, stabilization wave, sef100 wave, and sef95 wave. Data were analyzed using wilcoxon signed rank test, Intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC), repeated measures ANOVA with the SPSS program. In test-retes method, there were significantly differences in ${\alpha}$ wave, ${\beta}$ wave, immersion wave, stability wave, ${\theta}$ wave, sef100 wave, sef95 wave. ICC has shown a high degree of reliability that it was ${\alpha}$ wave .877, ${\beta}$ wave .855, ${\gamma}$ wave .895, immersion wave .897, stability wave .816, ${\theta}$ wave .904, sef100 wave .910, sef95 wave .776. Also, there was a statistically significant difference in ${\alpha}$ wave after applying oriental music therapy. Based on these results, it is considered that average of the channel EEG and application of oriental music therapy would be practiced by increase of sample size using this machine.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.117-139
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• 2015

For the purpose of determining neurophysiological mechanism of math anxiety, we conducted an EEG measurement for 22 sixth grade elementary students including 11 students with high math anxiety (HMA group), and 11 students with low math anxiety (LMA group). We found that in HMA group, delta wave was significantly generated from the right frontal lobe, and in LMA group, four paths are clearly connected while they perform math tasks (right inferior occipital gyrus ${\leftrightarrow}$ left superior parietal lobule /left middle frontal gyrus ${\leftrightarrow}$ left inferior parietal lobule /left middle frontal gyrus ${\leftrightarrow}$ right inferior parietal lobule / right middle frontal gyrus ${\leftrightarrow}$ right inferior parietal lobule). According to the above results we suggest that math anxiety is related to emotions associated with pain, reduces working memory and has a negative effect on math performance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.490-493
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• 2011

최근 사용자와 컴퓨터간의 상호작용이 가능한 사용자 인터페이스(UI, User Interface)에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 이중 키보드나 마우스, 리모컨과 같은 별도의 입력장치가 없이 뇌의 활동으로부터 발생하는 생체신호를 이용하여 사용자의 생각만으로 컴퓨터와 커뮤니케이션을 할 수 있는 뇌만으로 컴퓨터와 커(BCI, Brain-Computer Interface) 시스템이 각광을 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 뇌의 생체신호로는 뇌전도도(EEG, Electroencephalogram)를 사용하였으며, 이를 통하여 P300 speller 실험을 수행하였다. P300 speller 실험을 통하여 발생된 뇌전도도를 취합하여 P300(사건 관련 전위(ERP, Event-related potential)에서 자극 제시 약 300msec 후에 정점에 달하는 정파)을 분석하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.147-150
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• 2008

사람과 컴퓨터의 인터페이스를 위한 방법에는 여러 가지가 있으나 보다 편리하고 몸이 불편한 사람들도 이용할 수 있도록 하기 위하여 최근에는 사람의 생체신호를 이용하여 Interface하기위한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 생체신호에는 뇌파, 근전도, 심전도, 등 여러 가지가 있지만 이를 위해 사용자의 가장 많은 정보를 내포하고 있는 뇌파에 대한 연구는 필수적이다. 따라서 세계 여러 나라에서 뇌파에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있지만 아직까지는 뇌파에 대한 정확한 분석이 이루어지지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 정확한 뇌파분석을 위한 뇌파 유발 자극 방법 및 측정법을 제안하고 사람이 몸을 움직이고자 하는 상상을 할 때 ERS(Event-Related Synchronization), ERD(Event-Related Desynchronization)를 분석함으로써 사람의 의도를 뇌파를 통해 분석하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.1149-1150
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• 2019

눈은 일상생활을 하기 위한 필수적인 부위로 지속적으로 눈 건강을 관리할 필요가 있다. 최근 눈 건강에 대한 관심이 높아지면서 암순응 이상 탐지의 중요성 또한 부각되고 있지만 암순응을 측정하는 기존 방법들은 시간이 오래 걸리거나 주관적인 가능성이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 사람의 정신적인 활동에 즉각적으로 반응하는 뇌파 변화를 통해 암순응 이상을 탐지하는 시스템을 개발하고자 하였다. 제안한 시스템은 개발한 암순응 측정 환경을 VR기기를 통해 응시하면서 실시간으로 뇌파를 탐지하며 눈이 어두운 환경에 적응하였을 때 나타나는 뇌파의 변화를 감지하여 암순응 이상을 탐지한다. 본 연구를 통해 향후 뇌파측정기와 암순응에 관한 연구에서 다양한 활용 가능성을 보여준다.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.51-56
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• 2017

In this paper, we define "presence" as a physiological and emotional feeling which feels that he or she is immerged in a specific artworks when he/she is very interested in the artwork. To measure the presence, we use a combined approach of subjective survey and brain signals (EEG). Subjective survey includes PQS (presence questionnaire survey) and IDQS (individual differences questionnaire survey). We experimented with 30 random populations, and we performed Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ test to verify the validity of the survey results. We also cross-checked the survey with EEG test for the populations. From our experimentation, we conclude that opponent color (e.g. yellow and blue) makes strong excitation on presence. In this paper, we believe that there are strong presence even in the abstract images, and it can be stronger than photo-realistic images if we well-design color, forms on the artwork.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.10-19
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• 2021

In this paper, we tried to derive characteristic parameters that reflect mental fatigue through EEG measurement and analysis. For this purpose, mental fatigue was induced through a resting state with eyes closed and performing subtraction operations in mental arithmetic for 30 minutes. Five subjects participated in the experiment, and all subjects were right-handed male students in university, with an average age of 25.5 years. Spectral analysis was performed on the EEG collected at the beginning and the end of the experiment to derive feature parameters reflecting mental fatigue. As a result of the analysis, the absolute power of the alpha band in the occipital lobe and the temporal lobe increased as the mental fatigue increased, while the relative power decreased. Also, the difference in power between resting state and task state showed that the relative power was larger than the absolute power. These results indicate that alpha relative power in the occipital lobe and temporal lobe is a feature parameter reflecting mental fatigue. The results of this study can be utilized as feature parameters for the development of an automated system for mental fatigue determination such as fatigue and drowsiness while driving.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.38-46
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• 2024

In general, EEG signal analysis has been the subject of several studies due to its ability to provide an objective mode of recording brain stimulation, which is widely used in brain-computer interface research with applications in medical diagnosis and rehabilitation engineering. In this study, we developed EEG reception hardware to measure electroencephalograms and implemented a processing system, classifying it into server and data processing. It was conducted as an intermediate-stage research on the implementation of a brain-computer interface using electroencephalograms, and was implemented in the form of predicting the user's arm movements according to measured electroencephalogram data. Electroencephalogram measurements were performed using input from four electrodes through an analog-to-digital converter. After sending this to the server through a communication process, we designed and implemented a system flow in which the server classifies the electroencephalogram input using a convolutional neural network model and displays the results on the user terminal.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.467-473
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to monitor the physiological changes by measuring EEG, blood pressure, heart rate, etc after applying progressive relaxation technique to university archery players in order to verify the effect of progressive relaxation through respiration, and, ultimately, improve an athlete's archery performance. This study chose 13 female archery athletes. The EEG, blood pressure, and heart rate of the athletes were measured before applying Jacobson's progressive relaxation technique for 12 weeks, during which the EEG, blood pressure, and heart rate were measured 3 times a week after 15 to 20 minutes of training before every measurement. We used the SPSS18.0 program for technical analysis to check the general features of the athletes and carried out the paired t-test to examine the changes made to the EEG, blood pressure, and heart rate of a single test group before and after the experiment. All statistical level of significance was maintained at ${\alpha}=0.5$. The results are as follows. First, after 12 weeks of appliance, between the targets' relative ${\alpha}$ wave and ${\beta}$ wave, the relative ${\alpha}$ wave showed a statistically significant increase while the relative ${\beta}$ wave showed no changes. Second, after 12 weeks of appliance, in terms of blood pressure, the systolic pressure showed no changes while the diastolic pressure showed a statistically significant change. Third, there was no statistically significant change to the heart rate. In conclusion, progressive relaxation through breathing has a positive effect on the archery athletes.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.148-158
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• 2011

Objectives The eye movement (EM) has been reported to play a role in enhancing the retrieval of episodic memories and reducing effects of fearful episodes in the past and worries for the futures. However, it is still unclear in the mechanism of EM in normal subjects. We examined the horizontal eye movement (HEM) effect using an aiding apparatus on mental health indices including negative and positive psychological factors, and psychophysiological measures such as heart rate variability and quantitative electroencepaholography (qEEG) in healthy subjects. Methods Twenty eight healthy subjects were recruited and randomly allocated into two groups : active HEM group and control group. The active HEM group conducted the HEM training with usual stress management audio-intervention using the apparatus inducing eye movement once a day for 14 days. The control group also conducted the same training once a day for 14 days, however, the saccadic eye movement was not included in this training. Psychological measurements, neurocognitive function tests, heart rate variability measurement and qEEG were conducted before and after the training in both groups. Results In the active HEM group, sleep status using Sleep Quality Scale (SQS) positive factors significantly increased after the training. By contrast, scores on the negative items of Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWBS), and negative items of the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) were significantly decreased after the training. The percentage of delta amplitude (1-3 Hz) in qEEG significantly decreased after the HEM training. The percentage of alpha amplitude (8-12 Hz) significantly increased after HEM training. The change of delta amplitude in the active HEM group was positively correlated with the change of sleep satisfaction of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the change of alpha amplitude was negatively correlated with depression of VAS, anxiety of VAS and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Conclusions The HEM training improved sleep quality and well-being, and sense of optimism. The HEM training also increased alpha amplitude and decreased delta amplitude in qEEG. The qEEG changes were well correlated with subjective improvement of mental health indices in healthy subjects. These results suggest some evidences that HEM training using the apparatus that induces EM would be helpful in improving subjective mental health in healthy subjects. Further study with larger samples size would be needed.