• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.251-260
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• 2002

The corn (Zea mays L) planting date in a double-cropping system is delayed until mid-May due to delayed rye harvest on May. This experiment was conducted to determine the optimum harvesting time for high yield and the best quality of silage corn at late planting date after harvesting winter rye. Corns were planted on 21 May and harvested at eight different maturity stage at Seoul National University Experimental Livestock Farm, Suwon in 1997. Maturities were B (blister; 16 days after silking), M (milk; 20 days), LM (late milk; 24 days), SD (soft dough; 28 days), ED (early dent; 33 days), FD (full dent; 38 days), LD (late dent; 44 days) and PM (physiological maturity; 53 days) stages. The percentage of whole plant dry matter (DM) showed optimum range for silage making (29.0 to 38.5%) when corn plant was harvested at between ED and LD stages. Maximum whole plant DM (14,831 kg/ha) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) yields (10,675 kg/ha) reached at full dent stage. The percentage of whole plant acid detergent fiber (ADF) was decreased from 35.4 to 22.1%, and that of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was also decreased from 63.8 to 46.0% as harvest stage progressed. These changes in chemical compositions were associated with changes in plant part composition. A progressive increase in total ear, and the decrease in stover portion in the plant were observed with advance in harvest stage. Calculated on net energy for lactation (NEL) and TDN values based on ADF percentage of stover plant decreased by ED stage and then increased by PM stage. But NEL and TDN values of ear and whole plant increased as harvest stage progressed. While in vitro dry matter digestibility of stover was decreased from 61.1 to 49.7%, whole plant was increased from 58.3 to 65.7% as maturity advanced (P$<$0.05). The results of this study indicate that corn can be harvested for silage at full (1/2 milkline) and late dent (2/3 milkline) stages for maximum yield and optimum quality at late planting. And days after silking at late planting was 38 and 44 days.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.206-215
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• 1997

We pror.a;e a H.263-based video ceder with two-layer ocalability. The bare layer is ceded by using the default H.263 axling algorithms to achieve high compresred video data and the enhanced layer is axied by enhanced axling such as HVS-based quantization updating. The enhanced layer contains only arled refinement data for the OCT coefficients of the bare layer. Bitstream syntax and semantics for enhancement layer are designed and quantizer design using the HVS is pror.ooed. Data from the two layers are combined after inverse quantization and inverse OCT prcx:esses in the deaxier. We show with e~rirrental results that the pror.a;ed layered arlee achieves comparable picture quality with non-layered arlee at bitrates of 30 kbr;s or less. Overhead information for the bitstream layer can 00 limited to less than 0.5 kbits/frame.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.140-148
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• 1994

RCI 318-8!4 recommends that when the specified cornpresslve strength of concrete In a column is greater than 1.4 times thdt spec~f~ed for a floor svsttm. top surface of the colunm concrete shall extend 2ft(600mm) into the slab from the face of colurnn to avoid unexpected brittle failure. Six test specimens were cast arid tested on 2/3 scale frame specmiens havlng different extension distances and compressive strength of concrete as the major variables. The paper discusses the performance of the frames in terms of ductility and also presents the assessment of the ACI 318-89 provisions.The test results showed that the ductility index were incrrased with increasing of compressive strength of concrete and extension distance. And top surface of the column concrete should extend 2h(h overall depth of beam) into the beam from the face of the column to avoid unexpected brittle failure in frame.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1507-1510
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• 2012

Quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with fat deposition traits in pigs are important gene positions in a chromosome that influence meat quality of pork. For QTL study, a three generation resource population was constructed from a cross between Korean native boars and Landrace sows. A total of 240 F2 animals from intercross of F1 were produced. 80 microsatellite markers covering chromosomes 1 to 10 were selected to genotype the resource population. Intervals between adjacent markers were approximately 19 cM. Linkage analysis was performed using CRIMAP software version 2.4 with a FIXED option to obtain the map distances. For QTL analysis, the public web-based software, QTL express (http://www.qtl.cap.ed.ac.uk) was used. Two significant and two suggestive QTL were identified on SSC 6, 7, and 8 as affecting body fat and IMF traits. For QTL affecting IMF, the most significant association was detected between marker sw71 and sw1881 on SSC 6, and a suggestive QTL was identified between sw268 and sw205 on SSC8. These QTL accounted for 26.58% and 12.31% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. A significant QTL affecting IMF was detected at position 105 cM between markers sw71 and sw1881 on SSC 6.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.47-47
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• 2009

용착금속의 미세조직은 크게 Acicular ferrite(AF), Ferrite with aligned second phase(FS), Primary ferrite(=Grain boundary Ferrite) 등으로 나눌 수 있다. 이 중 침상형 페라이트(AF)는 인성과 강도를 동시에 증가시킬 수 있으므로 이를 다량 확보하는 것이 용접산업의 관건이다. 본 연구에서는 침상형 페라이트 발생에 기여한다고 알려진 Ti 함량을 용착금속에서 단계적으로 조절하여 나타나는 미세조직과 특성변화를 관찰하였다. 모재는 HSB-600을 사용하였으며 용접재료는 ER100S-G급의 Ti가 함유되어 있는 것(A)과 미함유된 것(B)을 사용하였다. 모재 성분의 희석을 방지하기 위해 V-Groove 가공 후 Buttering 용접을 실시하였다. 중앙에 가공된 V-그루브에 이들 재료를 적절히 조합하고 용접(입열량 20kJ/cm)하여 Ti함유량을 총 4가지(0.002~0.025% Ti)로 제어하였다. 용접 후 각각의 시편에 대해 미세조직, 충격시험, O/N분석, 성분분석 등의 시험을 진행하였다. 미세조직 관찰결과 Ti함량이 증가할수록 AF는 증가하고 FS는 감소함을 확인할 수 있었으며 충격시험결과 Ti가 많이 함유된 시편일수록 더 낮은 연성취성 천이온도(DBTT)를 나타내었다. EDS와 SEM으로 관찰한 결과 Ti함량 증가에 따라 비금속개재물의 크기는 작아지고 밀도는 높아지는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며 개재물 내에서의 Ti함량도 더 많아지는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.255-261
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• 2004

The MeOH extracts from 21 species were tested for their cytotoxicity against SK-MEL-28 melanoma cell line and HaCat normal cell line in 5 g/ml by sulforrhodamine-B (SRB) method. Among them, the MeOH extract from Moutan Cortex Radicis showed the moderate activity with the growth rate of 74.3% in SK-MEL-28 cells and the high activity with the growth rate of 207.8% in HaCat cells. Activity-guided fractionation was performed and five compounds, paeonol (1), benzoylpaeoniflorin (2), benzoic acid (3), 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxy- acetophenone (4), paeonfliorin (5) were isolated from hexane and EtOAc fraction. The structures were established by physicochemical and spectrometric methods $(mp,\;UV,\;IR,\;^1H-NMR,\;^{13}C-NMR,\;spectram)$. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity, compound 4 showed the significant cytotoxic activity with $ED_50$ value of $5.92\;{\mu}g/ml$, but the other compounds no activity. These results suggest that compound 4 is a novel anticancer candidate against SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.16-20
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• 2016

In this work, we describe the synthesis and infrared light reflecting characteristics of $TiO_2$/mica hybrid composites. $TiO_2$/mica composite materials were obtained by the hydrolysis and condensation reaction of titanium isopropoxide in an aqueous solution of acetic acid in the presence of mica particles. Amorphous phase of $TiO_2$ on the surface of mica was converted to the crystalline rutile phase via anatase phase by heat treatment ($600-1000^{\circ}C$, 1-3 h) of $TiO_2$/mica composite materials, and the size of crystals was controlled by heat treatment conditions. Physicochemical properties of mica and $TiO_2$/mica composites were investigated using FE-SEM, ED-XRF, and PXRD. The solar reflectance of $TiO_2$/mica composites in the near IR region (780~2,500 nm) measured using a diffuse reflectance NIR spectrophotometer was 88.6%, which is rather higher than that of calcined pure mica (86.6%). Therefore, $TiO_2$/mica composites can be used as NIR light reflective pigments.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.807-814
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• 2012

Saururus chinensis has long been widely used in oriental folk medicines to treat diseases. In the current study, organic solvent fractions obtained from the main methanolic extract of S chinensis were evaluated for their antioxidative and related physiological activities. The antioxidant activity of the fractions was measured using DPPH free radical scavenging activity, increased in a dose-dependent manner, and the $ED_{50}$ of the ethyl acetate fractions exhibited a value of 12.84 ${\mu}g/ml$ higher than 27.22 ${\mu}g/ml$ compared to the BHT. Also, the cell viability of S. chinensis on $H_2O_2$-induced HDF cell death ($IC_{50}$) showed the highest cell viability of 89.39% in 50 ${\mu}g/ml$ of ethyl acetate fraction and 67.98% of visible cell survival rate in n-butanolic fraction. Meanwhile, all fractions of the S. chinensis extract led to a slight down regulation of the mRNA expression of fibulin-5, which is related to skin elasticity, and the ethyl acetate fraction having high antioxidant activity showed a markedly inhibitory effect on chick embryonic angiogenesis using the CAM assay. These results suggest that the ethyl acetate fraction of S. chinensis extract could be a good material in therapeutic application for antioxidant and related anti-angiogenesis activities.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.166-178
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• 1976

Taxonomic study of 11 strains of Bacillus coagulans and 14 strains of 13 spccies of Bacillus by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-DNA hybridization were conducted. Among the 11 strains of B. coagulans, 6 were isolated from soil and the rest were the authentic strains obtained from American Type culture collection (ATCC) or the Institute for Fermentation, Osaka (IFO). All strains were examined to confirm as they are expected species of B. coagulans by the methods of Cordon et al. according to Bergey's Manual (8th ed.). The intraspecific DNA homology indexes among the 11 strains of B. coagulans using strain ATCC 7050 as the standard ($^3$H labeled input DNA) showed 76％ or, more, respectively. These findings accorded well with the results of the conventional taxonomic study according to the Bergey's Manual. The interspecific DNA homology indexes between B. coagulant strain ATCC 7050 and the type cultures of B. subtilis (168), B. licheniformis (IFO 12107), B. pumilus (IFO 12110), B. firmus (ATCC 14575), B. lentus (ATCC 10840), B. circulans (ATCC 4513), B. macelans (ATCC 8244), B. polymyxa (ATCC 842), B. sphaericus (ATCC 14577), B. brevis (ATCC 8246, IFO 12334), B. laterosporus (ATCC 64), and B. pantothenticus (ATCC 14576) respectively, showed 2 to 4％, while that of between B. coagulans ATCC 7050 and Escherichia coli K-12 was less than 1 ％.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1769-1776
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the gastric mucosal damage effect by Hericium erinaceus cultibated with Artemisia capillaris (HEAC) with 0.15 M HCl in ethanol in rats. Among them, 80% ethanol extract showed potent inhibitory effect (67.7%) on gastritis. Using solvent fractionation, 80% ethanol extract of HEAC was separated into five fractions with $n$-hexane, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, $n$-butanol and water. As a result, fractions obtained with methylene chloride exhibited strong inhibitory effects on gastritis. With this result, the methylene chloride extract was analyzed by GC/MS, HPLC, IR and NMR($^1H$, $^{13}C$) to identify primary active components and the main component in the extract was identified as ethyl linoleate. The effective does ($ED_{50}$) values of 80% ethanol extract of HEAC and ethyl linoleate showed 22.6 and 6.4 mg/kg, respectively and these values were higher than those of stillen (44.2 mg/kg) and selbex (46.5 mg/kg). Therefore, the administration of 80% ethanol extract of HEAC and ethyl linoleate have a strong protective effect agasint the gastritis induced by HCl-ethanol and may be promising new drug for treating gastritis and gastric ulcer.