• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.18-38
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• 2001

This paper attempts to identify variables which affect Korean electronic commerce(EC) venture's strategies for the international market entry decision making. Especially in the perspective of quality management perspective, it is highly relevant question which factors are critical when the industry has high technology driven characteristics such as EC, product quality related factors or environmental factors. Technology competence, operational competence, local marketing competence, psychological barriers, domestic competition level, and local infrastructure level are included to generate the explaining model for international market entry decision. The result is that the higher technology competence and local marketing competence are the significant factors. The higher the perception in these factors, the higher the intention to enter the international market in EC industry. These factors play a pivotal role in determining to go abroad the foreign EC market. Our finding implies that the subjective confidence on quality of EC solution(technology competence) and venture's capability of maintaining it(local marketing competence) are the important factors, when EC ventures make the decisions to enter the foreign markets.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.7 no.3 s.31
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• pp.65-75
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• 2006

Emerging trends regarding USFK(United States Forces, Korea)'s EC(Engineering/Construction) market include: (1) introduction of MATOC(Multiple Award Task Order Contract); (2) increase of DB(Design-Build) contract; and (3) encroachment of large US-origin private EC firms upon Korea. This study analyzes the change of USFK's EC market with focus on the change of construction management actors for USFK's EC projects. Specifically, USFK's EC projects have been managed by FED(Far East District). Recently, however, the large US private EC companies substitute the role previously taken by FED. This phenomenon is accelerated by the business chances in Korea due to LPP(Land Partnership Plan) and intentions of US Government to save military construction costs by means of utilizing US private EC companies. The large US EC firms entering into Korea are business opportunities as well as challenges to Korean EC firms, which are contracting USFK's EC projects. This study concludes that, through teaming joint venture with the large US EC firms, the market changes can be opportunities to acquire foreign market information and learn advanced construction management skill from them.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.219-231
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• 2015

Open innovation is known to have a significant impact on the performance of enterprise innovation. The role of open innovation is more critical due to small scale and limitation on the available resources for the venture company. This study focused on the relationship among Entrepreneurship(ENT), Innovation Capability(IC), and External Cooperation(EC), which affect Technological Innovation Performance(TIP) to maximize TIP. Empirical study was proceeded to analyze the relationships among ENT, IC, EC, and TIP for venture companies in Busan. ENT was verified to have a positive impact on IC, EC, and TIP. IC was done on EC and TIP. EC was done on TIP. Each of IC and EC showed positive mediating role in the relationship between ENT and TIP. Finally, IC and EC together performed positive mediating role in the relationship between ENT and TIC.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.417-420
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• 2001

전자상거래 시스템에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 언론의 보도에 따르면 전자상거래 시스템을 운영하는 기업의 매출이 지속적으로 늘어나고 있다고 한다. 전자상거래 문화가 성숙해 가고 있는 것이다. 그러나 이러한 전자상거래 시스템들은 시간이 지날수록 고객의 지속적인 요구와 환경의 변화에 따른 유지 및 보수 즉 업데이트의 문제에 직면하게 된다. 현재 이루어지고 있는 비즈니스 로직과 프리젠테이션 계층의 통합에 따르거나 페이지(Page) 개념에 준한 시스템 설계나 구현은 EC시스템의 지속적인 성능 개선을 어렵게 하고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위한 수단으로서 MVC모델에 기반한 JSP Model 2 구조를 적용하여 EC시스템을 구현하고자 한다.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.5S
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• pp.1708-1718
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• 2000

In the operating of electronic commerce system, the information about consumer purchasing intention to product through e-mail has caused the problems in the management aspects. These are the using of information again and response to the situations promptly in consumer purchasing intension, etc. Moreover, it has brought out the issues timely to operate the electronic commerce system strategically with reapplication of consumer intention information. In this studies, the agent system AWEC(Agent Windows for EC) was proposed as an alternative paln, which charges of he getting and transmitting information of consumers intension in the electronic commerce system. In this proposed AWEC, the functional structure and working allocation were executed. And also eh performance of the proposed system is analyzed and evaluated through experiment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.978-983
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• 2000

소비자의 제품 구매에 대한 의사 확인은 전자상거래 시스템(EC System)과 연동한 전자우편 시스템 (E-mail system)에서 발송해 오는 전자우편과, 전자상거래 시스템에 종속적인 관리자도구를 통해 알수 있다. 이러한 정보는 소비자와 판매자간의 시간차를 유발하며, 소비자의 또다른 신속한 정보 획득 요구를 해소 시켜 주지 못한다. 전자우편은 그 자체로 데이터화 될 수 없고 전자상거래를 전략적으로 운영하기 위한 자료로 활용되기 어렵다. 뿐만 아니라 현재의 전자상거래에 있어서 소비자의 대량 구입에 대한 환경은 기존의 일반 상거래와 다른 체계를 갖고 있어서 대량 구매시 판매자와의 직접적인 상담과 할인정보 획득에 대한 소비자와 판매자의 동시적 불만을 유발하고 있다. 이에 따라 본 논문에서는 위와 같은 문제에 대하여 소비자의 구매 의사를 전담하기 위한 에이젼트 시스템을 제안하였고, 전자상거래 시스템에서 발생하던 소비자와 판매자 사이의 시간차와 전략적 운영에 대한 소비자 구매의사 정보의 재이용 문제를 해결하기 위한 것에 대하여 주로 다루고 있다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1-12
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• 2019

In this study, TI(Toxic Index) of Daphnia toximeter corresponded to ecological toxicity standard 1 TU(Toxic Unit) was set up using Daphnia toximeter and when operating NOEC(water quality standards for drinking water) and $EC_{50}$ Daphnia toximeter alarm was issued appropriately, which enables real time ecological toxicity evaluation. I studied to get a good shot and the research was conducted by investigating domestic and international related data and conducting a preliminary study. 6 of 59 hazardous substances (As, Hg, Cr, Diazinon, Dioxane, and Phenol) recommended by the water quality monitoring items for artificial river water were selected and static, dynamic and quality management test, TI was shown to be good in other materials except Diazinon, and as a result of $EC_{50}$ spiking test, TI was matched to TU by distinguishing between 1 TU and 1 TU. in suggesting the complementary point of ecological toxicity management system and the future of research on water Daphnia toximeter.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.45-63
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• 1999

Today, information society is affected by new technologies including Electronic Commerce(EC), Electronic Data Interchange(EDI), Commerce At Light Speed(CALS ), multimedia and teleconferencing. Electronic Commerce is believed to be a field that will bring about a huge revolution of human life in the 21st century and thus its industry will give greatly influential effect on other industries In this paper, we have surveyed and studied through the internet and related materials for the development of framework of Electronic Commerce. It is required that we need the leading role of our government for the earlier activation of Electronic Commerce usage and have to establish the solid background of EC technology creation of our nation's originality and to activate the venture industry oriented for idea and technology rather than the industries in the form of larger enterprises. In conclusion, we have to expand our own ability of research and development to keep the continuous growth of our Electronic Commerce market and industries through the development of new product and prior acquisition of market as well as to expand the path of various technology aquisition by the strategic M&A and capital investment with the leading foreign enterprises.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.41 no.11
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• pp.318-327
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• 2017

Background: A typical sewage treatment plant is designed for organic and nutrient removal from municipal sewage water and not targeted to eliminate micropollutants such as pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and nano-sized metals which become a big concern for sustainable human and ecological system and are mainly discharged from sewage treatment plant. Therefore, despite contaminant removal by wastewater treatment processes, there are still remaining environmental risks by untreated pollutants in STP (sewage treatment plant) effluents. This study performed aquatic toxicity tests of raw wastewater and treated effluents in two sewage treatment plants to evaluate toxicity reduction by wastewater treatment process and analyze concentration of contaminants to reveal potential toxic factors in STP effluents. Methods: Water samples were collected from each treatment steps of two STPs, and acute and chronic toxicity tests were conducted following USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) and OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) guidelines. Endpoints were immobility for mortality and reproduction effect for estrogenicity. Results: Acute $EC_{50}s$ (median effective concentration) of influents for Seungki (SK) and Jungnang (JN) STPs are $54.13{\pm}32.64%$ and $30.38{\pm}24.96%$, respectively, and reduced to $96.49{\pm}7.84%$ and 100%. Acute toxicity reduction was clearly correlated with SS (suspended solids) concentration because of filter feeding characteristics of test organisms. Chronic toxicity tests revealed that lethal effect was reduced and low concentration of influents showed higher number of neonates. However, toxicity reduction was not related to nutrient removal. Fecundity effect positively increased in treated wastewater compared to that in raw wastewater, and no significant differences were observed compared to the control group in JN final effluent implying potential effects of estrogenic compounds in the STP effluents. Conclusions: Conventional wastewater treatment process reduced some organics and nutritional compounds from wastewater, and it results in toxicity reduction in lethal effect and positive reproductive effect but not showing correlation. Unknown estrogenic compounds could be a reason causing the increase of brood size. This study suggests that pharmaceutical residues and nanoparticles in STP effluents are one of the major micropollutants and underline as one of estrogenic effect factors.