• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.363-367
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• 1993

자궁경부암의 방사선 치료중 외부방사선조사로만 치료한 환자에서 생존율, 합병증, 예후인자를 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 1979년 3월부터 1988년 12월까지 서울대학교병원 치료방사선과에서 근치적 방사선 치료를 시행받은 총 650명의 자궁경부암 환자 중 외부방사선 조사만 시행한 42명을 대상으로 후향적 분석을 실시하였다. 방사선치료는 45 Gy내지 50 Gy의 전골반 조사후 3 내지 2 조사야를 사용한 축소야로 12 Gy에서 22 Gy의 추가조사를 시행하였다. 외부방사선조사만 시행한 이유는 심한 종양괴사로 인한 경우 25예, vaginal vault가 좁은 경우 5예, 외부방사선 치료 중 자궁강의 파열 1예등 강내조사용기구삽입이 불가능한 경우(poor geometry) 31명, 내과적 문제 5명, 고령 2명, 환자의 거부 2명, 장관 유착과 골반질환이 각각 1명이었다. FIGO병기 IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IVA의 환자수는 각각 1명, 3명, 12명, 1명, 20명, 5명이었다. 병기 IIA, IIB, IIIB, IVA에 따른 5년 국소치유율은 각각 $66.7\%,\;38.9\%,\;27.0\%,\;20.0\%$이었고 5년 생존률은 각각 $66.7\%,\;36.4\%,\;32.8\%,\;25.0\%$으며 1명씩의 IB와 IIIA의 환자는 무병생존했다. 방사선 치료가 끝난 후 치료반응 판정에서 완전관해와 부분관해를 보인 환자군이 그렇지 않은 환자군보다 5년 국소치유율은 의미있게 높았으나 $(45.3\%\;vs\;17.8\%\;p=0.04)$ 5년 생존률의 의미있는 차이는 없었다$(43.5\%\;vs\;23.1\%\;p=0.17)$. 방사선 치료후 1개월에서 완전관해와 부분관해를 보인 환자군은 그렇지 않은 환자군보다 5년 국소치유율 $(53.8\%\;vs\;0\%\;p=0.0002)$과 5년 생존률$(51.3\%\;vs\;1.0\% \;p=0.001)$이 의미있게 높았다. Grade 2와 Grade 3의 합병증은 각각 $12\%$와 $10\%$였다. 진행된 경우일수록 합병증의 빈도가 증가하는 경향이었다. 따라서 자궁경부암 환자의 방사선 치료에 가장 적합한 방법은 외부조사와 강내 치료를 병행하는 것이나 강내 치료가 불가능한 환자군에 대해서는 적극적 수술방법의 도입을 고려해야하겠다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.543-547
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• 2005

Organic electroluminescence devices were made from 1,4-bis-(9-anthrylvinyl)benzene (AVB) and 1,4-bis-(9-aminoanthryl)benzene (AAB) anthracene derivatives. Device structure was ITO/AVB/PANI(EB)/Al (multi-layer device) and ITO/AAB:DCM/Al(single-layer device). In these devices, AVB, polyaniline(emeraldine base) (PANI(EB)) and AAB were used as the emitting material. 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-p-(dimethylamino)styryl-4H -pyran(DCM) was used as red fluorescent dopant. We studied change of fluorescence wavelength with concentration of DCM doped in AAB. The ionization potential (IP) and optical band gap (Eg) were measured by cyclic voltammetry and UV-visible spectrum. We compared with difference of emitting wavelength between photoluminescence and electroluminescence spectrum. In case of the multi-layer device, PANI and AVB EL spectra have similar wave pattern to each PL spectrum and when PAM and AVB were used at the same time, and multi-layer device showed that a balanced recombination and radiation kom PANI and AVB. In case of the single-layer device, with the increase of DCM concentration, the blue emission decreases and red emission increases. This indicates that DCM was excited by the energy transfer from AAB to DCM or the direct recombination at the dopant sites due to carrier trapping, or both. The device with $1.0wt\%$ DCM concentration gave white light.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2020

The present study was conducted to determine the effects of electron beam irradiation on the postharvest quality of cut flowers. Cut flowers were irradiated with electron beam at 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1,000, and 2,000 Gy with a 10 MeV linear electron beam accelerator to evaluate their irradiation tolerance. Postharvest quality was determined by monitoring fresh weight loss, flower longevity, flower diameter, flowering rate, visual quality of flowers and leaves, and chlorophyll content. Cut flowers showed a radiation-induced damage with increasing the irradiation dose. Flower longevity and fresh weight of cut flowers decreased when the irradiation dose was increased. Flower bud opening was also inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. The effective irradiation doses for 10% reduction of postharvest quality (ED₁₀) values were 144.4, 451.6, and 841.2 Gy in the 'Medusa' lily, 'Montezuma' carnation, and 'Rosina White' eustoma, respectively. Although tolerance of cut flowers to electron beam irradiation vary according to species, cultivars, or maturity stage conditions, it is conceivable that 'Montezuma' carnation and 'Rosina White' eustoma could be tolerated and maintained overall postharvest quality up to 400 Gy, the generic irradiation dose approved by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) and the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) for postharvest phytosanitary treatments.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2013

The detection characteristics of irradiated spices were investigated depending on radiation sources and doses by photostimulated luminescence (PSL) and Thermoluminescence (TL). 6 kinds of spices (turmeric, onion powder, red pepper, basil, parsley, black pepper) were irradiated at 0 to 10 kGy under ambient conditions by both a $^{60}Co$ gamma irradiator and an electron beam (EB) accelerator, respectively. The PSL analysis showed negative results for non-irradiated spices, while irradiated spices gave intermediate and positive value, which presented the limited potential of PSL technique. In TL measurement, TL glow curves on non-irradiated samples appeared at about $300^{\circ}C$ with low intensity. All irradiated samples were easily distinguishable through radiation-specific strong TL glow curves with maximum peak in range of $150{\sim}200^{\circ}C$. TL ratio ($TL_1/TL_2$) obtained by a re-irradiation step could verify the detection result of $TL_1$ glow curves, showing ratios lower than 0.1 in the non-irradiated sample and higher than 0.1 in irradiated ones. Therefore, in PSL measurement, the identification of irradiated spices showed more clear results in electron beam irradiated samples. TL analysis showed obvious difference between non-irradiated and irradiated samples in gamma ray and electron beam irradiated samples.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.3205-3214
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• 1996

In this paper, the microstrip phased array antennas with coupling-slots for the base station of mobile communication is proposed and anlyzed with accurate analysis method which is based on both reciprocity principle and full-wave analysis. The basis functions used for the numerical analysis are determined depending upon the accuracy, convergence properties of the solution, and the computation time. The patch uses 3 EB mode and the slot uses IPWS mode. The designed phased array antenna has 8 slot-coupled microstrip patch array elements and the beam scanning capability is obtained by using the 4-bit PIN-diode phase shifters as switching devices which are consisted of the loaded line phase shifters for 30.deg. and 60.deg. and the reflection type phase shifters for 90.deg. and 180.deg. repectively. The 4-bits phase shifters which aremade by connecting each phase shifter have about 2.deg.-3.deg. phase errors and their insertion loss are about 3dB for each phase state. The fabricated 8-element phased array antenna with 4-bits phase shifters provides 12.deg.-14.deg. beamwidths depending on the scanning angle and is capable of scanning its beam to .+-.45.deg. with 9.deg. intervals, and the gain 12dBi. The overall results show that the slot-coupled phased array antenna has great advantages of wideband, high gain and reduced spurious radiation. Also, the antenna can be made small and thin. Furthermore, the scanning property of this antenna allows for its application in several areas, such as mobile communication system and PCS.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.3533-3536
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• 2014

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women in the world. Health-related quality of life (HRQL) at treatment endpoint in cancer clinical trials is widely considered to be increasingly important. The aim of this review was to provide a literature-based assessment of the validity, reliability and responsiveness of breast cancer-specific HRQL instruments in women breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: The databases consulted were Medline, PubMed, and Embase. The inclusion criteria required studies to: (1) involve use of HRQL measures; (2) cover women with breast cancer under standard treatment (surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapy); (3) involve the validity, reliability, or responsiveness of HRQL; (4) deal with validation of breast cancer-specific HRQL instruments. Results: A total of 16 studies were identified through the literature search that met the 4 inclusion criteria. Some seven instruments were assessed among these 16 studies: EORTC QLQ-BR23, FACT-B, FACT-ES, HFRDIS, LSQ-32, QLICP-BR, and SLDS-BC. EORTC QLQ-BR23, FACT-B, LSQ-32, QLICP-BR, and SLDS-BC are more general breast cancer-specific HRQL instruments. FACT-EB is the endocrine subscale combined with FACT-B in order to measure the side effects and putative benefits of hormonal treatment administered in breast cancer patients. HFRDIS is the HRQL measure focusing on hot flash concerns. Conclusions: This paper provides an overall understanding on the currently available breast cancer-specific HRQL instruments in women breast cancer patients.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.149-155
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• 1999

Objectives: To study the clinical features of the primary nasal/nasopharyngeal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and to evaluate the implication of immunophenotyping as a prognostic factor. Patients and Methods: From January 1990 to December 1997,41 patients(median age, 41 years) of primary nasal/nasopharyngeal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were studied. The clinical records and paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were reviewed retrospectively. The histologic features, immunophenotypic findings(pan-T, pan-B, CD3, CD56) and Epstein-Barr virus in situ hybridizatios were examined. The prognostic factors for clinical outcome were evaluated in these patients. According to Ann-Arbor system, there were 30 patiets(73%) with stage IE, 4(10%) with stage IIE, 3(7%) with stage IIIE, 4(10%) with stage IVE lymphoma. Among the patients with stage IE/IIE, 4 patients received local radiation alone, 4 received chemotherapy alone, 25 received combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy and 1 refused treatment. The patients with stage IIIE/IVE were given combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Results: Immunophenotyping were performed in 40 patients and staining results were as follows: 3(7%) patients with B cell, 17(42%) with T cell, 18(44%) with NK/T cell(CD56 positive), and two patients with unclassifiable result. Epstein-Barr(EB) virus in situ hybridization were performed in 28 patients and 23(82%) patients had positive EBV-encoded RNAs(EBERs). 21(55%) patients achieved a complete remission. There was no difference in complete remission between radiation alone and combination therapy. With median follow-up of 30 months, 5-years disease free survival of complete responders was 60% and 5-years overall survival rate was 36%. Multivariate analysis showed that better overall survival was related with absence of B symptoms, ECOG performance${\leq}1$ and non-NK cells. Conclusion: Most of all cases were positive for EBER. Since NK/T phenotype carried the worst prognosis, analysis for CD56 expression should be done. Further prospective studies were warranted to evaluate the role of chemotherapy in stage IE/IIE.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.507-516
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• 2014

본 연구는 전자빔 조사에 따른 잿빛곰팡이병 방제효과와 절화 장미의 수확 후 품질을 알아보고자 수행하였다. 10MeV 전자가속기를 이용하여 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 2, 10, 20kGy로 조사했을 때 전자빔 선량이 높아짐에 따라 Botrytis cinerea 포자 발아와 균사 생장은 억제되었다. 전자빔 조사가 B. cinerea 포자 발아와 균사 생장에 미치는 영향을 비교했을 때, 포자 발아를 50% 억제하는 선량은 2.02kGy, 균사 생장을 50% 억제하는 선량은 0.89kGy였으므로 포자가 균사에 비해 전자빔에 대한 저항성이 더 높았다. 전자빔 조사후 배양온도에 따른 B. cinerea 균사 생장을 비교한 결과 잿빛곰팡이병균에 대한 전자빔 효과는 배양온도가 낮아질수록 증가하였으며, 특히 $10^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높은 균사 생장 억제효과를 보였다. 토마토 유묘를 이용하여 전자빔의 in vivo 살균활성을 검정한 결과 전자빔 선량이 높아짐에 따라 방제효과도 증가하였다. 절화 장미는 전자빔 선량이 높아짐에 따라 절화수명 및 생체중의 감소, 개화 지연 등을 보였으며, 'Decoration', 'Il se Bronze', 'Queen Bee', 'Revue'는 0.4kGy이하에서 전반적인 절화품질이 유지되었지만 'Vivian'은 0.2kGy 이하에서만 절화품질이 유지되어 장미 품종에 따라 전자빔에 대한 감수성이 다르게 나타났다.