• 대한약침학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2009

Objective : This study was to report Bell's palsy patients with severe pain back of the ear treated by Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture therapy. Methods : The patients was treated by Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture therapy to relieve the severe pain back of the ear. Visual Analog Scale(VAS) was used as an outcome measurement. Results : After Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture therapy, VAS were decreased at all case. Conclusion : Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture therapy can be available for relieving severe pain back of the ear even inducing insomnia.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.391-398
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• 1990

The intradermal injection of Propionibacterium acnes (ATCC 6919) into the ears of female Sprague-Dawley rats produced a chronic inflammation with the formation of acneiform lesions. Inflammation was characterized by more than four times of ear thickness and 2.8 times of ear weight at day 21. Histologically, massive infiltration of neutrophils, macrophage and lymphocytes, hyperplastic epidermis, comedones containing keratin mass and inflammatory materials were observed. Both ginseng saponin and extract from Korean red ginseng significantly redliced the ear thickness and their effects were similar to that of benzoyl peroxide. Ginseng samples and beneoyl peroxide modified lipid constituents of P. acnesinjected rat ear tissues. Even though no marked histological changes in inflammatory lesions were observed in ginseng-treated ear tissues, Korean red ginseng showed a possibility of reduce in the risk of acne development.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.213-218
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• 2015

A novel body-worn spiral monopole antenna is presented. The antenna consists of a ground plane and a spiral monopole. The antenna was designed for Ear-to-Ear (E2E) communication between In-the-Ear (ITE) hearing instruments at 2.45 GHz and has been simulated, prototyped, and measured. The antenna yielded a measured and simulated E2E path gain at 2.45 GHz of -82.1 dB and -85.9 dB, respectively. The radiation pattern of the antenna when mounted in the ear is presented and discussed.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2002년도 Current Trends in Toxicological Sciences
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• pp.97-97
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• 2002

A mouse ear swelling test (MEST) has been developed as an alternative to guinea pig models for contact sensitization potential. However, the MEST relies on a quantitative measurement of ear swelling as an endpoint by micrometer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the cell proliferation in ear and lymph node using Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) immunohistochemistry as a possible reliable marker for MEST.(omitted)

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.60-66
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• 2005

Total auricular reconstruction with autogenous tissue remains one of the greatest technical challenges for reconstructive plastic surgeons because of the ear's complex morphology with delicately convoluted cartilages and very thin skin. In a successfully created ear, a natural three-dimensional illusion visualized from the patient's profile, frontal, and posterior views is crucial. Accordingly ear framework should have adequate lateral aspect as well as suitable frontal aspect even before being lifted to this purpose. For this goal, rib cartilage should be harvested from three-dimensionally adequate area. It is the most essential point in framework fabrication that the baseblock should have semi-cup curvature via multiple parallel cuts made on its medial surface. Between January 1999 and May 2003, we performed 29 cases of total ear reconstruction with autogenous rib cartilage graft using this scoring technique and obtained satisfactory results, which showed more natural appearance visualized from the patient's profile, frontal, and posterior views.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.1300-1306
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• 2020

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the clinical effects of complex Korean medicine therapy for tinnitus associated with ear fullness, depression, and anxiety. Case Report: A 52-year-old female patient suffering from tinnitus with ear fullness, depression, and anxiety was treated with acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and herbal medicine. We used the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and a Verbal Numerical Rating Score (VNRS) to assess the patient's symptoms. The administration of the acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and herbal medicine improved the ear fullness, depression and anxiety symptoms. No side effects were observed during the treatment. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that complex Korean medicine therapy, such as acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and herbal medicine, may be effective for the treatment of tinnitus associated with ear fullness, depression, and anxiety.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.48-52
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• 2003

The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI's) are new nutrient intake standards that are being set for the United States and Canada. There are currently four types of DRI's: Estimated Average Requirements (EAR), Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA), Adequate Intakes (AI), and Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL). The EAR is the nutrient intake that would be adequate for about half the population, while intake at the RDA should be adequate for 97-98% of the population. When the data are insufficient to set an EAR and RDA, then an AI is set. The UL is the highest intake level that does not pose a risk of adverse effects. The EAR, AI, and UL may be used to assess intakes of both individuals and of groups of people. For individuals, the EAR is used to calculate the probability that intake is inadequate, the AI is used to decide if the probability of inadequacy is low, and the UL is used to determine if a risk of excess intake is present. For groups. the EAR is used to estimate the prevalence of inadequacy, the AI is used to decide if the prevalence of inadequacy is low, and the UL is used to estimate the prevalence of excessive intakes. Because this approach to setting and applying nutrient standards is new, research recommendations include improving estimates of risk, improving dietary data, and improving statistical methods.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.338-343
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• 2011

This study assessed the current EAR, RDA, and AMDR for protein, which were set in 2005 and revised in 2010 as the DRIs for Koreans. A classical approach to establish the EAR for protein has been the nitrogen balance method. This method has practical limitations and problems in statistical analysis by giving over estimations of nitrogen balance. Thus, the present EAR for protein might be lower than the true requirement. Recent reevaluations of nitrogen balance studies by bilinear regression analysis and the IAAO method have indicated that the EAR of 0.66 g/kg bw/d should be increased by 39% to give 0.92 g/kg bw/d. The AMDR for protein in the Korean DRIs was set at 7-10%, which covers almost the entire population's protein intake. Since the 5th percentile of Korean protein intake is close to 10% of energy and due to the beneficial effects of protein beyond the maintenance of nitrogen equilibrium, the lower range of 7% needs to be increased up to 10%. For practical meal arrangement, 15% of energy as protein, which is close to the average protein intake of Koreans, seems to be proper, although the value is almost two times the EAR.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.372-374
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• 1997

In order to develop new anti-inflammatory agents having different action mechanisms compared with nonsteroidal and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the culture broths of various actinomycetes isolated from soil were screened using an in vivo mouse ear edma assay and one strain (Streptomyces sp. MT 2705-4: KCTC 8651 P) was selected. Activity-guided purification led to the isolation of a polyether compound, dianemycin. Topically, dianemycin showed a potent anti-inflammatory activity in mouse ear edema induced by croton-oil or arachidonic acid.$ED_{50}$value of dianemycin was found to be 0.8 mg,/ear compared to 0.4 mg/ear of prednisolone in croton-oil ear edema. However, dianemycin did not show the inhibitory activity in UV-erythema and delayed hypersensitivity reaction. These results indicate that dianemycin is a potential topical anti-inflammatory agent.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.875-882
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• 2008

영상으로부터 사람의 귀를 검출하는 것은 생체 인식 분야에 있어서 매우 중요한 분야이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 측면 얼굴 영상으로부터 귀를 검출하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 먼저 피부색을 이용하여 얼굴 영역을 검출하고 검출된 얼굴 영역으로부터 Haar-like 특징을 이용하여 귀를 검출한다. 그리고 검출된 귀를 검증하기 위해 표준 템플릿을 이용하여 검출된 귀를 검증한다. 실험 결과 본 논문에서 제안된 방법은 기존의 연구에 비해 60%의 처리 속도 향상과 92%의 검출 성공률을 보였다.