• PNF and Movement
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.245-252
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of action observation training on lower limb muscle activity and dynamic balance in chronic stroke patients. Methods: This study evaluated 20 chronic stroke patients who were divided randomly into a control and an experimental group comprising 10 patients each. Both the experimental group and the control group performed the general exercise therapy provided by the hospital, but the experimental group also performed action observation training. Lower limb muscle activity was measured with a surface electromyograph, and dynamic balance was measured with the Timed Up and Go test and the 10-meter walk test. The paired t-test was used to compare the groups before and after the experiment. Furthermore, the independent t-test was used to assess differences in the degree of change between the two groups before and after the experiment. Results: The within-group comparisons for both the experimental group and the control group showed significant differences in muscle activity and dynamic balance (p<0.05). In a comparison between the groups, the differences in the muscle activity and dynamic balance of the experimental group appeared significant compared with those of the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study results indicate that action observation training is effective in improving the muscle activity and dynamic balance of chronic stroke patients.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide an efficient and scientific basis for muscle activity (%MVIC) of RA, EO, VL, HS muscles and balance in soccer players through dynamic lumbar stability exercise and static lumbar stability exercise. Methods: This study included 23 soccer players belonging to D University of J province who attended the program for 30 minutes at a time and three times a week for 4 weeks. Of these 13 attended the dynamic lumbar stability exercise (DLSE) program and 10 the static lumbar stability exercise (SLSE) program. The differences between the effects of the dynamic lumbar stability exercise program and static lumbar stability exercise program were analyzed. Results: To increase muscle activity (%MVIC) and balance (WPL), the dynamic lumbar stability exercise program was more effective than was the static lumbar stability exercise program. 1) The %MVIC of trunk muscle (RA &EO) and lower extremitys muscle (VL & HS) increased from before training to after training in the case of the participants who performed the dynamic lumbar stability exercise. 2) The whole path length (WPL) decreased from before the training to after the training. The 2 groups significantly differed in this regard. Conclusion: Dynamic lumbar stability exercise program helps to improve the balancing ability and muscle activity in a soccer players who requires both muscle activity and balance than does any other players.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.127-135
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of combining Mulligan taping and flossing bands on lower limb muscle activity and static and dynamic balance. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: Sixty-eight patients with chronic ankle instability were randomized into three groups that were treated with Mulligan taping (MT, n=22), flossing band (FB, n=23) and Mulligan taping combined with flossing band (MT+FB, n=23), and various parameters were compared before and after the intervention. The muscle activity of the lower extremities, including the tibialis anterior, peroneus longus and medial of gastrocnemius muscles was measured using BTS FREE EMG 1000, while the static and dynamic balance were measured using the Biorscuue balance measuring equipment. Results: There was a significant difference in muscle activity of the tibialis anterior muscle, before and after the intervention, in the MT group (p<0.01), FB (p<0.001) and MT+FB (p<0.001). There was also a significant difference in the muscle activity of the tibialis anterior muscle in the MT+FB group when compared with that in MT and FB groups (p<0.05). We also observed a significant difference in the dynamic balance all the groups (p<0.001). Conclusions: Therefore, combining Mulligan taping and flossing bands for patients with chronic ankle instability may improve dynamic balance and tibialis anterior muscle activity.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2022

불확실한 환경에서 창업하는 기술창업기업의 경쟁우위에 동적역량이 매우 중요한 영향을 미친다는 점은 여러 연구에서 검증되어왔다. 그리고 이런 동적역량에는 외부기관 네트워크가 중요한 영향을 미친다. 이는 자원과 지식이 부족한 창업기업에게 더욱 중요하다. 동적역량에 직접적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 네트워크는 가치사슬내부 네트워크 위주로 연구되어 왔다. 하지만 창업기업의 네트워크 활동은 가치사슬내부 네트워크 뿐만 아니라 가치사슬외부 네트워크와도 이루어지고 있다. 따라서 창업기업의 네트워크 활동이 동적역량에 미치는 영향을 연구하기 위해서는 두 가지 네트워크가 모두 포괄된 연구가 필요하지만, 선행연구가 부족하다. 본 연구에서는 기술창업기업을 대상으로 가치사슬외부 네트워크와 가치사슬내부 네트워크를 포괄하는 모델을 구성하고, 동적역량과 경쟁우위에 미치는 영향을 실증하는 연구를 진행하였다. 연구결과, 가치사슬내부와의 네트워크 활동은 선행연구와 마찬가지로 동적역량에 직접적으로 유의한 영향을 주었고, 가치사슬외부와의 네트워크 활동은 동적역량에 직접적으로 유의한 영향을 주지 않았다. 그리고 동적역량은 경쟁우위에 유의한 영향을 주었다. 추가연구를 통해 확인한 바, 가치사슬외부와의 네트워크 활동은 가치사슬내부와의 네트워크 활동에 영향을 주고 이를 통해 동적역량을 강화하며, 이를 통해 경쟁우위에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 매개효과가 유의하였다. 이를 통해 창업기업이 동적역량을 강화하여 경쟁우위를 높이기 위해서는 가치사슬내부 네트워크가 중요하다는 점과 가치사슬내부 네트워크는 강하게, 다양하게 맺는 것은 모두 동적역량을 높여 경쟁우위에 긍정적 영향을 준다는 점을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.56-61
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• 2023

Objective: Core training is a key exercise for conditioning and fitness programs, injury prevention, and more. This study aimed to find out the effect of adding dynamic core training, which is frequently prescribed in clinical practice, on dynamic balance and muscle activity compared to conventional static core training. Design: An experimental study Methods: This study is an experimental pilot study of prospective parallel design. Six healthy young adults were allocated to static core training group (SCG; crunch and plank) and blended group (BG; crunch, plank, and dead bug exercise) for two weeks to perform core training. Dynamic balance and muscle activity (erector spinae, rectus abdominis) were measured for all participants before and after core training. Results: All six healthy young adults enrolled completed the study. No significant difference was found before and after 6 sessions of core training in each group (P>0.05). Likewise, no significant difference was found in the results of the difference comparison between groups (P>0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, in this experimental study, no difference was found when dynamic core training was added. Although the results before and after core training did not show improvement in dynamic balance and muscle activity, a randomized controlled trial is needed considering the results of previous studies and the limitations of this experimental study.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2014

Objective: This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the ability to maintain dynamic sitting balance (DSB), biomechanical characteristics, and physical characteristics in spinal cord injuries (SCI) patients. Background: Virtual ski training systems, ski equipment, and training protocols for disabled skiers are being studied to spread awareness. However, few studies have been reported on the sitting balance ability associated with chair mono skiing. Method: A dynamic sitting balance border system was built to investigate the ability to maintain dynamic sitting balance in SCI patients. Trunk muscle activity was evaluated by electromyogram while conducting dynamic sitting balance tests. The trunk muscle strength was tested with a portable handheld dynamometer. Physical activity scores were measured with the physical activity recall assessment. Results: There were high levels of correlation between the ability to maintain DSB and trunk flexor strength, extensor strength, rotator strength, and physical activity score. However, height, weight, and injury level in SCI patients were not correlated with the ability to maintain DSB. Additionally, strong negative correlations were found between muscle activities of the external oblique and lumbar erector spinae muscles and the ability to perform the backward tilt test. Trunk extensor muscle activity during the ball lifting test was significantly higher than in other tests. Conclusion: The results indicate that improving trunk muscle strength and physical activity can increase the ability to maintain DSB. Application: The findings of a close relationship between trunk strength, physical activity, and the ability to maintain DSB need to be reflected in the chair mono ski training program.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2007

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are a major problem in industries in which manual materials handling is performed by workers. To prevent these WMSDs, it is necessary to understand the muscular strength capability and use this knowledge to design job and selection and assignment of workers. Even though two-hands lifting activity of manual materials handling tasks are prevalent at the industrial site, many manual materials handling tasks which require the worker to perform one-hand lifting are also very common at the industrial site and forestry and farming. However, a few researches have been done for one-hand lifting activity of manual materials handling tasks. The objective of this study is to compare one-hand and two-hands lifting strength in terms of static and dynamic strength of the lifting activity for the ranging from the height of knuckle to elbow. It is shown in this study that the isometric lifting strength of one-hand is ranging from 54.7 to 63.3% of the one of two-hands. However, it is found that there is no significant difference between a person's isometric lifting strength for left-hand and right-hand. It is also shown that there is no significant difference between the peak force under the dynamic sub-maximal loading with one-hand and two-hands lifting activity. Similar results were obtained for the peak acceleration and peak velocity under the dynamic sub-maximal loading with one-hand and two-hands lifting activity. Isometric lifting strength at the height of knuckle was ranging from 2 to 3 times of the dynamic peak force during sub-maximal lifting. It is concluded that the dynamic peak forces under the sub-maximal loading are not highly correlated with the isometric lifting strength in similar postures.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.1447-1454
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to investigate the dynamic neural mobilization program on the changes in muscle activity and nerve conduction velocity (NVC) in stroke patients. The participants were sampled and randomly divided into experimental group I (n=12) who underwent arm neural mobilization and experimental group II (n=13) who underwent arm dynamic neural mobilization. As the pretest, peripheral NVC of the radial, median, and ulnar nerves were measured using the Viking Quest; the biceps brachii, brachioradialis, flexor carpi radialis, and extensor carpi radialis activities were measured with sEMG. Each intervention program consisted of 10 trials per set and three sets per session. The intervention programs were performed once daily for four weeks (four days/week). Posttest measurements were taken equally as the pretest measurements. Significant differences in peripheral NVC in all sections of the radial and median nerves and wristbelow elbow and below elbow-above elbow areas of the ulnar nerve, as well as in muscle activity of all muscles except the biceps brachii. These findings indicate that dynamic neural mobilization was effective in increasing peripheral NVC and altering the muscle activity.

• 지역연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.31-60
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• 1995

The distribution of economic activity over a mutually exclusive and exhaustive categorical industry-region matrix is modeled as a composition of two random components: the probability-like share distribution of jobs and the dynamic evolution of absolute aggregates. The former describes the individual activity location choice by comparing the predicted profitability of the current industry-region pair against that of all other alternatives based on the available information on industry-specific, region specific, or activity specific attributes. The latter describes the time evolution of macro-level aggregates using a dynamic reduced from model. With the seperation of micro choice behavior and macro dynamic aggregate constraint, the usual independence and identicality assumptions become consistent with the activity share distribution, hence multi-regional industrial migration can be represented by a set of probability evolution equations in a conservative Markovian from. We call this a Micro-Macro Composition Approach since the product of the aggregate prediction and the predicted activity share distribution gives the predicted activity distribution gives the predicted activity distribution which explicitly considers the underlying individual choice behavior. The model can be applied to interesting practical problems such as the plant location choice of multinational enterprise, the government industrial ploicy to attract international firms, and the optimal tax-transfer mix to influence activity location choice. We consider the latter as an example.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.621-631
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to measure magnitude of lower leg muscle activity during dynamic stability tests performed on an unstable board by subjects with sprained lateral ankles. Fifteen lateral ankle sprain subjects(8 male, 7 female) participated in this study. The muscle activity was measured at gastrocnemious, tibialis anterior, peroneus longus during dynamic stability tests performed on Biodex stability system as surface EMG. The EMG amplitude of each muscle was normalized to the amplitude in the maximal voluntary isometric contraction(MVIC) of each muscle. As results, peroneus longus evidenced significant difference at stable and unstable grade comparing injured with uninjured sides. Gastrocnemious and tibialis anterior evidenced no significant difference. Change of muscle activity with stable and unstable grade evidenced no significant difference on injured and uninjured sides. The data provided information on peroneus longus contributes to dynamic stability after lateral ankle sprains. Peroneus longus training program may have to be emphasized after an ankle sprain.