• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2010

In the modernization process of the city, urbanization raised a variety of social issues. Urbanization brought noticeable changes in dwelling patterns, such as drastic changes in the housing lifestyle, that revolved around the metropolitan areas of Seoul and Busan etc. before and after the expansion of economic growth. Especially in 1985, when 23.8% of the country's population was concentrated in Seoul, the imbalance of housing supply and demand caused a vast range of housing shortage. The shortage, that resulted from public sector mishandling of natural housing demand, lead to the occurrence of private sector rental housing. The occurrence of this abnormal rental housing supply, became a major cause of Korea's typical lease system called 'Co-dwelling', where the leaseholder and tenant physically lives in the same residence. The leaseholder and tenant's 'Co-dwelling' started from partial renting of traditional Korean-style housing and transformed with the transition of dwelling form and time. However, after 1985, legalization of multi-family housing, Korean rental housing started to be planned in the beginning of it's housing construction and to be produced as an independent space with separate circulation. Also in terms of facility, it changed from partial renting of a space within the residence to an assembly of small individual spaces. However, the background of this deep-rooted 'Co-dwelling' lease system, in different forms and periods of residence, is still based on the lack of public sector rental housing supply and private sector supply of rental space to utilize extra space, 'Jeonsei' payment.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.12-23
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the innovative and experimental housing design alternatives in the transition period to the modern era and to discuss about the motivation of modern architectural form. Thus, first, this study examined the planning concepts and the meaning of new design of the four Werkbund dwelling Exhibitions in eastern Europe reflecting the demands of modern times. Second, I analyzed how the formative experiment appeared as a stereoscopic mass design and as a architectural composition in exterior. Experimental trials at housing exhibitions were to respond to the demands for the new forms, which required a new approach to modern style and aesthetics. The major features of formative experiments can be summarized as follows. First, new housing design have escaped from the historically descended style. Secondly, through the operation of volume and surface modern dwelling created a formative conformation. Finally, the shape and the surface replaced the decoration. In conclusion, the works of modern architects can be said to have achieved the harmony between 'purpose of expression' and 'technical purpose' in realizing the 'Zeitgeist' that corresponds to the paradigm of modern housing.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2016

In Germany, during the modern architectural movements diverse experiments for the propagation of modern housing solutions were conducted that succeeded to the spirit of Bauhaus. Therefore, the study traced how Walter Gropius adopted the trends of architectural style and aesthetic, the concept of production, the concept for new typology of housing, and issues in urban architecture. According to the results, processes to the 'sachlich' style could be seen in the cases of early and latter works of detached houses and further aesthetic changes of later works. Second, Gropius expanded his design field from detached houses to multiple dwelling and it was accompanied by typological transformation of buildings considering the industrialization and production of housing. Third, in the cases of multiple dwelling, it could be identified that site planning of housing complexes and building arrangement reflected a shift from traditional urban pattern to new alternatives suitable for mass housing supply. Thus, changes in the genealogy and propensity of German residential designs were partly summed up and their implications on modern housing architecture were discussed.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2006

연구목적: 본 연구는 가정 거주노인과 시설 거주 노인의 일상생활동작(ADL)과 도구적 일상생활동작(IADL)을 비교 분석하여 노인 돌봄에 관여하는 의료 종사자, 특히 물리치료사와 작업치료사의 업무에 도움을 주고자 시행하였다. 방법: 일상생활동작 및 도구적 일상생활동작의 검진은 한국형 일상생활동작 평가서와 도구적 일상생활동작 평가서를 사용하여 거주 형태가 다른 두 노인 집단의 평가 결과를 분석하였다. 결과: 노인들의 일상생활동작과 도구적 일상생활동작의 수행 능력은 부부 동거, 자녀 수, 수입, 현재 앓고 있는 질병 및 나이에 의해 영향을 받고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 일상생활동작 중에는 한 가지 동작이 도구적 일상생활동작은 한 가지 동작을 제외한 모든 동작에서 수행 능력의 차이를 보이고 있다. 부부가 함께 동거하는 노인이 홀로 사는 노인에 비해 전반적으로 일상생활 활동이 원활한 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 한국형 일상생활동작 평가서와 도구적 일상생활동작 평가서가 한국 노인의 일상생활 활동을 평가하는데 보다 사용하기 좋았다. 노인을 돌보는 의료 종사자 특히 물리치료사 및 작업치료사는 노인의 일상생활 활동을 증진시키기 위해 훈련을 시행한다면 일상생활동작 훈련에서는 목욕하기에 중점을 두고 도구적 일상생활동작의 훈련에서는 거의 모든 동작을 훈련 시켜야 할 것을 조언한다.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.26-47
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• 2009

아산만지역에서 조사된 신석기시대 유적 중 집자리(마을)를 중심으로 구조와 특징을 살펴본 후, 이 지역 신석기시대 집자리(마을)의 시 공간적 위치와 의미에 대해 고찰해보았다. 아산만지역의 신석기시대 집자리는 방형이 주류를 이루며, 일부 장방형 집자리와 공존하는 예가 확인되고 있어 주목된다. 아산만지역의 신석기시대 집자리는 대부분 구릉지역에 위치하나, 세부적으로는 완만하고 낮은 구릉지역과 상대적으로 높게 형성된 구릉지역으로 구분된다. 먼저 후자 유적들은 차령산맥의 영향으로 해발고도가 상대적으로 높은 아산 천안지역의 구릉지역 정상부에 위치하고 있으며, 대부분 해발고도 50~80m 정도에 해당한다. 반면 전자 유적들은 삽교천과 예당평야가 넓게 펼쳐진 당진과 예산지역을 중심으로 확인되고 있어 비교적 해발고도가 낮고 완만한 구릉지역(해발고도 20~50m)에 위치하고 있는 특징을 보인다. 이러한 입지선택은 문화내적으로는 이들 집단의 생계경제 및 기술수준과 관련되지만, 외적으로는 이들 집단이 처한 자연환경(지형)의 영향을 크게 받은 결과이다. 아산만지역의 신석기시대 집자리 유적은 방사성탄소연대측정값과 출토유물을 통해 보면, 동시기 유적으로 필자의 신석기시대 집자리 상대편년 중 II기(기원전 3,500~3,000년)에 해당한다. 이들 신석기시대 집자리(마을)는 경기(인천) 해안지역과 금강유역(충청내륙지역)의 신석기시대 집자리와 매우 밀접하게 관련되어 있는데, 이는 대규모 마을을 이루던 경기 해안지역 집단들과 금강유역(충청내륙지역)의 대표적인 '대천리식 집자리'의 확산 및 교류에 의해 동시기에 형성된 것으로 판단된다. 결국 아산만지역은 기원전 3,500년을 전후한 시기에 두 유형의 집자리가 공존하는 역동적인 모습을 보여주고 있으며, 이러한 현상은 당시의 환경(기후) 및 생태적 사회적 변화 등 여러 요인들이 있겠지만, 가장 중요한 요인 중 하나는 초보적인 농경의 도입에 따른 유적의 확산에 의한 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.879-889
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• 2006

Many Japanese came to Kunsan city and built a lot of houses in Japanese style there in 1900's. Korean have lived in the house according to Japanese's leaving after restoration of independence. This study is purposed to describe remodeling of the houses by case study, through interview, survey and taking photographs. After Korean dwelling at the houses, there are lots of changes of facilities, interior materials and almost all of inside and outside of the houses. It was deduced that the reasons of the remodeling were likely to be different climate, life style between two peoples and economic power.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.183-193
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence and risk factors of sleep disturbance among community dwelling adults in Korea. Methods: Data were collected from nine hundred fifty nine adults dwelling in a metropolitan city in Korea. Subjects were older than 45 years, did not take medication for sleep problems on a regular basis, and did not work at night. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to collect data about sleep disturbance. Sociodemographic, life style, and health related factors were included as risk factors. Chi square test and logistic stepwise regression were used to identify the risk factors. Results: The prevalence of sleep disturbance was 13.1%. The significant risk factors were being female, age, number of toilet use at night, perceived health, and pain. Risk factors were somewhat different by gender. Emotional and job status were the risk factors only for men and menopausal status were for women. Conclusion: Prevalence of sleep disturbance in community dwelling adults in Korea was not greater than those dwelling in other countries. Females, older adults, the number of toilet use at night, perceived health, and pain were the most important risk factors for sleep disturbances. Gender was a factor in reported sleep disturbances. It might be useful to investigate the factors that contribute to the number of toilet use at night as this might have some underlying factors that could be corrected.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.43-56
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• 2015

Researches on the pit dwellings in the Joseon Dynasty era have been constantly conducted in the archeology field since the beginning of the 2000s. Most of the related researches in the past have been on the classification and chronological record of dwelling types in archeology, but architectural researches on the dwelling history that is connected from the prehistoric age to the Joseon Dynasty era are insufficient. There are no big differences between the excavated pit dwellings of the Joseon Dynasty era and those of the prehistoric age, so pit dwellings were considered to have been used as dwellings for common people until the Joseon dynasty era. This fact is confirmed by the frequency and density of pit dwellings. In this research, what space composition of the pit dwellings that are equipped with the Korean floor heating system is shown according to the plan types was examined and the development and transition process from pit dwellings to Folk houses were analyzed and their correlations with the Folk houses of the Joseon Dynasty era were examined. The Folk house form did not start with the form of the house on the ground but originate from the introduction of Ondol, the Korean floor heating system, to pit dwellings. As the Korean floor heating system is used, the room and kitchen space are composed in the pit dwelling, and the kitchen is expanded to the one that separates the fireplace for cooking to avoid heating that is unnecessary for the summer season. As the size of the dwelling was getting bigger, the division of the space is made by the pillars that support the interior space. Also, the dwelling is expanded into a single row house and a double row house according to the progress direction of Ondol. In other words, the pit dwellings in the Joseon Dynasty era develops with making up diverse floors through the combination and expansion of Ondol and kitchen according to the dweller's convenience and life style and surrounding environment. This research is significant in the sense that it helps understand the formation and development process of our traditional Folk houses and fills the gap between the pit dwellings, which have been dealt with inadequately, and traditional Folk houses in the Korean dwelling history.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.37-47
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to analyze the housing life-style shown in the modern housing life by dweling types and residents attributes to suggest the basic information useful for the housing P3an in the future, The results of this study was summarized as folldws. Firstly. interrelation between residents attributes and housing life-style showed that the unedicated, the low income and the eldery were interested in utility. On the other hand, the educated. the upper income and the young generation were interested in decoration. Secondly those who had their own houses and never moved were interested inutility in terms of residents attributes Utility was showed high in all housing style in terms of before moving in house. Thirdly, those who wanted move and stay both interested in decoration and utility in terms of will of resident. It was also shown that those who wanted to move big cities were interested in increasing property. Fourthly, the housing life-style by dwelling types showed that it was Possible to abtain six elements such as 'decoration', 'display'. 'liking'. 'utility', 'increase of property', and 'hiearchic order' Based on the average by each type, it was shown that while a tendency toward utility was generally high, especially, the many-storied apartment was high for display.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2003

A small apartment housings in Korea, which is built mass-product from 1980s, are dissatisfied, in spite of good condition, due to the growing living areas and changing lifestyle of the residents. Many of them confronted with slum areas and the kinds of housing stock accumulated much more in Korean contexts. For the existing small houses, it could be discuss an adaptation model to the increasing requirement standards of the house residents; wider living area, new facilities and a style of new residence. A social policy for elderly people who are handicap in physical and economical aspects, is home stay system rather than national support. But it is not easy to find the three generation family house in Korea context, specially apartment house. This paper deals with the vertical unification typology of two dwelling units to one, in order to supply three generation houses by remodel existing small apartment houses constructed by Korea National Housing Corporation. The use of convert houses into vertical expansion are expected to be a house of three generation family, it can also enhance privacy against conflictive activities in a house. And also the merging types of two dwelling units into one can be used as a device to get rid of the monotonous characteristics and gain diversity in the declining stock housing.