• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.369-379
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• 2015

Objectives: The lack of reliable information on environmental pollution and health impacts related to asbestos contamination from abandoned mines has drawn attention to the need for a community health study. This study was performed to evaluate asbestos-related health symptoms among residents near abandoned asbestos mines located in the Chungcheong Provinces. In addition, exposure assessment for asbestos is needed although the exposure to asbestos was in the past. Methods: Past exposure to asbestos among inhabitants near abandoned asbestos mines was estimated by using surface sampling of deposited dust in indoor and outdoor residences. A total of 54 participants were divided into two groups with (34 cases) and without (20 controls) diseases related to asbestos. Surface sampling of deposited dust was carried out in indoor and outdoor residences by collecting 105 samples. Deposited dust for sampling was analyzed by polarization microscope (PLM) and scanning electron microscope?energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDX) to detect asbestos. Subsequently, the elements of the deposited dust with asbestos were analyzed by SEM-EDX to assess the contribution of sources such as abandoned mines, slate and soil. Results: Among the 105 samples, asbestos was detected by PLM in 29 (27.6%) sampling points, and detected by SEM in 56 (48.6%) sampling points. Asbestos in indoor residences was detected by PLM in four sampling points, and by SEM in 12 sampling points. Asbestos detection in indoor residences may be due to ventilation between indoors and outdoors, and indicates long-term exposure. The asbestos detection rate for outdoor residences in the case group was higher than that in the control group. This can be explained as the case group having had higher exposure to asbestos, and there has been continuous exposure to asbestos in the control group as well as the case group. Conclusion: Past residential asbestos exposure may be associated with asbestosis among local residents near abandoned asbestos mines. Odds ratios were calculated for asbestos detection in outdoor residence by logistic regression analysis. Odds ratio between asbestos detection and asbestosis pulmonum was 3.36 (95% CI 0.90-12.53) (p=0.072), adjusting for age, sex, smoking status and work history with multi-variable logistic regression by PLM analysis method.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2007

Personal and static sampling for formaldehyde, wood dust and noise monitoring, in accordance to the equipment running on the day, were carried out throughout wood panel manufacturing process. Even though the exposure level of formaldehyde and wood dust were below than exposure criteria, but the personal protective equipment(PPE) for those should be worn to everyone in the process because of its potential characteristics like carcinogenicity. Also a few local air extraction system above the cutting, grinding sections and organic blending room should be required. Most of the exposures of noise exposure were exceeded permitted exposure criteria, in case of Hopper operators, exposed to maximally 94dB(A) as LAeq 8hr, therefore active controls like PPE, monitoring, isolation etc. are necessary. The main sources of noise were caused on compressed air of the machinery, radio sound and operation noise like running machines, conveying, cutting, sawing, moving vehicles, storing and so on. For the comparison of control criteria in each country, the permitted exposure standards for above hazardous materials and noise in Korea, ACGIH and Australia were discussed. We have recognized that the Korean criteria should be discussed urgently to give the right information to employee and modified, if it is necessary.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.163-173
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• 2020

Objectives: The study was evaluated exposure variation and daily absorption level of cadmium, lead concentration of ambient air of monthly data from 1999 to 2017 for main exposure factor in outdoor workers. Methods: Based on the monthly data from 'The annual report of air quality in Korea from 1999 to 2018' in 'Air Korea' website in the Korean Ministry of Environment. The monthly data of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, cadmium, lead concentration of ambient air were recalculated to average, minimum, and maximum. And these data were combined to Asian-dust exposure data from 'The annual report of Asian-dust·smog in 2017' of National Institute of Meteorological Sciences in Korea. Results: Geometric mean(minimum-maximum) concentration in ambient air of monthly data were 0.0017 (ND-0.2015) mg/㎥ in cadmium and 0.0467(ND-0.8554) mg/㎥ in Pb from 1999 to 2017. Both of Cd and Pb concentration in ambient air showed the highest concentration in January and the lowest in August among annual variation from 1999 to 2017. PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 level showed the highest in March(PM₁₀) and February (PM_2.5) the lowest in August both of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5. Discussion: Based on exposure data and prior reports, daily Cd absorption was estimated to 0.013(ND-1.511) mg/day from respiration and 1.89 mg/day from daily food(25.2 mg/day of daily Cd intake). In case of Pb, daily absorption was estimated to 0.350(ND-6.416) mg/day from respiration and 1.38-1.71 mg/day from daily food intake. Conclusion: Cd and Pb with Asian-dust have high influential factor to increase the Cd and Pb exposure at Winter and Spring season in outdoor workers.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.412-420
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• 2013

Objectives: This study was conducted in order to evaluate personal and area exposure to airborne total dust and endotoxin during harvest and planting tasks at cucumber, yellow melon and potato farms Materials and Methods: Total dust was measured with NIOSH method 0500. Endotoxin were measured using a 37 mm glass fiber filter which was connected to an air pump calibrated to 2 LPM, and then analyzed with a Turbidmetric kinetic method. Results: The average(arithmetic mean) concentrations of total dust in the personal samples were $0.10-3.81mg/m^3$ for cucumbers, $0.21-1.19mg/m^3$ for yellow melon, and $0.08-2.72mg/m^3$ for potato. There was a significant difference in the harvest task among the three farm types(p=0.019 of personal sample, p=0.048 of area sample), in which the air concentration for potatoes was higher than with cucumbers and yellow melons. Conclusions: It was found that potatoes(planting and harvest) should be considered the first priority for studying and reducing total dust exposure.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.78-88
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• 2021

현재 농사를 짓고 있는 농업인 295명을 대상으로 일대일 면담 방식의 설문조사를 통해 농작업 중 노출되는 미세먼지에 대한 인지된 감수성, 마스크 착용, 미세먼지 노출 관련 호흡기질환 예방교육의 참여의향 등을 조사하였다. 대상자의 평균 연령은 60.3세로 농사 경력은 평균 25.6년이었고 주 작목에 따른 실내 농작업자가 178명(60.9%), 실외 농작업자가 115명(39.1%)이었다. '직업 특성상, 농작업 중 노출되는 미세먼지로 부터 자신이 취약한 계층이라고 생각하는 지'에 대해서 112명(48.1%)이 '예'라고 하였고, 응답자 중 실내 농작업자가 66.7%이었다. '농작업 중 노출되는 미세먼지에 대한 인지된 감수성'의 점수는 5점 만점에서 평균 3.8점이었으며 호흡기질환 예방교육 참여 경험이 있는 집단은 4.1점, 경험이 없는 집단은 3.6점이었다. 작목군 중에서는 화훼 농업인이 평균 4.1점으로 가장 높았다. 성별(p=.004)과 직업특성상 자신이 미세먼지로부터 취약한 계층이라고 생각하는 지 여부(p=.004), 호흡기질환 예방교육 참여 경험 유무(p=.011)에서 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 미세먼지 노출에 대한 인지된 감수성과 미세먼지 관련 호흡기질환 예방교육 참여 의향간의 상관관계는 유의미한 양의 관계(r=.219, p<.001)를 보였고 인터넷이나 문자를 활용한 교육 방법(33.6%)을 가장 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 농업인의 농작업 관련 건강위험 인식 고조 및 미세먼지 등 유해물질의 직업적 노출 감소를 위해서 정부와 대중의 관심 증대라는 외부 기회를 활용하고, 농업인의 인식수준과 교육 욕구의 내부 강점을 사용하는 전략으로써 다양한 교육 콘텐츠 개발이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.595-601
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• 2018

최근 미세먼지 수치가 급격히 상승함에 따라 이에 대한 관심도가 굉장히 높아지고 있다. 미세먼지의 노출은 호흡기 및 심혈관계 질환의 발생과 관련이 있으며, 사망률도 증가시키는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 뿐만 아니라, 산업현장에서도 미세먼지에 대한 피해가 속출한다. 그러나 현대인의 삶에서 미세먼지 노출은 불가피하다. 그러므로 미세먼지를 예측하여, 이에 대한 노출을 최소화하는 것이 건강 및 산업 피해축소에 가장 효율적인 방법일 것이다. 기존의 미세먼지 예측 모델은 농도 수치가 아닌 미세먼지의 농도 범위에 따라 좋음, 보통, 나쁨, 매우 나쁨으로만 나누어 예보하고 있다. 본 논문은 기존의 실제 기상 및 대기 질 데이터를 이용, 기계학습 알고리즘인 Artificial Neural Network (ANN)알고리즘과 K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN)알고리즘을 상호 응용하여 미세먼지 수치 (PM 10)를 예측하고자 하였다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.103-107
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• 2013

Objectives: The principal purpose of this study is to statistically compare dust levels among farmers with and without feeding in a nursery pig building. Methods: Total dust and respirable dust were measured by personal sampling method, and TSP and PM10 were monitored by the direct recording method in the pig building. Results: IIn the personal samples, mean exposure levels of total and respirable dust were higher among the farmers who conducted feeding compared to farmers who did not. A significant difference between farmers with feeding and farmers without feeding was found in total dust concentration(p<0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in respirable dust concentrations. In real-time monitoring of dust based on area sampling, the highest levels of total and respirable dust were detected in the feeding time periods; $4.33{\pm}2.57mg/m^3$ for TSP and $2.53{\pm}1.02mg/m^3$ for PM10, respectively. During time periods without feeding, the levels of total and respirable dust ranged from 1 to $2mg/m^3$ and from 0.5 to $1.5mg/m^3$, respectively. Conclusions: In terms of association of feeding work and air sampling location, the mean concentrations of total and respirable dust were highest in area sampling with feeding and lowest in personal sampling without feeding. However, a significant difference among groups investigated according to air sampling condition was found in total dust.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.471-477
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate area exposure of airborne dust and organic gas during entrance and shipment of chicken in poultry farms Methods: Total dust was measured with NIOSH method 0500. The volume of distributed dust and organic gas(Ammonia, TVOC, Hydrogen Sulfide) were measured using direct reading instrument. Results: The range of concentrations of total dust in area sample was $0.07{\sim}4.91mg/m^3$ during the entrance of chicks and $4.37{\sim}9.4mg/m^3$ during shipment respectively. Concentration of ammonia reached approximately 9 ppm during shipment. There was a difference of concentration of total dust in the area sample between shipment and entrance tasks. Conclusions: It was found that the development of a special intervention program by type of task should be considered for reducing respiratory health effects among poultry farmers.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.169-172
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• 2024

Asthma is a chronic lung disease characterized by wheezing, cough, and chest pain. The objective of this study was to examine asthmatic effect due to house dust mite (HDM) according to age and exposure duration. Asthma induction in young (6 weeks) and old (12 months) aged C57BL6/J mice was accomplished by HDM administration. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected. Inflammatory cells in BALF were counted. Mucus production in lung tissues was evaluated by periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) and intranasal (IN) injection of HDM induced infiltration of inflammatory cells into lungs of mice. The increase of total cells was higher in young mice than in old mice. Mucus secretion from goblet cells increased after HDM administration, with young mice showing higher mucus production than old mice. In chronic asthmatic state induced by i.p. and IN (three times) injection, old mice exhibited more inflammatory cells, specifically eosinophils, and mucus production than young mice. Our findings suggest that age and exposure duration are critical factors in different manifestations of asthma. Thus, they should be overarchingly considered in drug development for asthma.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2017

Organic dust generated inside livestock facilities includes toxic organic matters such as bacteria and endotoxin. Dust can cause respiratory disease for worker and livestock, and consequently, degradation of welfare and productivity. Influence of dust on livestock workers has been studied since the 1970s. However, exposure limit for cattle farmer has not been established, unlike exposure limit for pig and poultry farmer. Furthermore, study on air quality inside livestock facility, especially inside dairy farm has been rarely conducted in Korea. In this study, dust concentration of TSP, PM10, inhalable and respirable dust has been monitored in the commercial dairy house according to location and working activities. Bedding material inside the stall was one of the major sources of dust. The amount of dust was related to water content level of the bedding material. Dust concentration was relatively high in leeward location, and the highest concentration was measured during TMR mixing process. The maximum value of inhalable dust concentration was 29.1 times higher than the reference value as fine particles drop to the TMR mixer. Dust generated by TMR mixing was presumed to decrease by adjusting moisture and drop height of feed.