• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 춘계 학술발표회 제16권1호
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• pp.712-715
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• 2004

Five RC piers were tested under a constant axial load and a cyclically reversed horizontal load to investigate the behavior of RC piers used in the high-strength concrete and the high-strength rebars. Seismic design of piers were conducted under the same design, according to the current Korean Bridge Design Standard. The parameters of the test were concrete compressive strength and steel strength, steel ratio. The test results indicated that RC piers of the high-strength concrete and high-strength rebars exhibited ductile behavior and seismic performance.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2000

The ductility is an important consideration in the design of reinforced concrete structures. In the seismic design of reinforced concrete columns, it is necessary to allow for relatively large ductilities that the seismic energy be absorbed without shear failure of significant strength degradation after the reinforcement yielding in columns. Therefore, prediction of the ductility should be as accurate as possible. This research investigate the ductile behavior of rectangular reinforced high-strength concrete columns like as bridge piers with confinement steel. The effects on the ductility of axial load, lateral reinforcement ratio, longitudinal reinforcement ratio, shear span ratio, and compressive strength of concrete were investigated analytically using layered section analysis. as the results, it was proposed the proper relationship between ductility and variables and formulated into equations.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 1997년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Fall 1997
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• pp.201-208
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• 1997

In most seismic codes such as the Uniform Building Code(UBC), the response modification factor(or the force reduction factor)is used to reflect the capability of a structure in dissipating energy through inelastic behavior. The response modification factor is assigned according to structural system type. Ductile systems such as special moment-resisting steel frames are assigned larger values of the response modification factor, and are consequently designed for smaller seismic design forces. Therefore, structural damage may occur during a severe earthquake. To ensure safety of the structures, the suitability of the response modification factor used in aseismic design procedures shall be evaluated. The object of this study is to develop a method for the evaluating of the response modification factor. The validity of the evaluating method has been examined for several cases of different structures and different earthquake excitations.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.741-771
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• 2007

Tests were conducted on two partially pre-stressed concrete solid beams subjected to combined loading of bending, shear and torsion. The beams were designed using the Direct Design Method which is based on the Lower Bound Theorem of the Theory of Plasticity. Both beams were of $300{\times}300mm$ cross-section and 3.8 m length. The two main variables studied were the ratio of the maximum shear stress due to the twisting moment, to the shear stress arising from the shear force, which was varied between 0.69 and 3.04, and the ratio of the maximum twisting moment to the maximum bending moment which was varied between 0.26 and 1.19. The required reinforcement from the Direct Design Method was compared with requirements from the ACI and the BSI codes. It was found that, in the case of bending dominance, the required longitudinal reinforcements from all methods were close to each other while the BSI required much larger transverse reinforcement. In the case of torsion dominance, the BSI method required much larger longitudinal and transverse reinforcement than the both the ACI and the DDM methods. The difference in the transverse reinforcement is more pronounce. Experimental investigation showed good agreement between design and experimental failure loads of the beams designed using the Direct Design Method. Both beams failed within an acceptable range of the design loads and underwent ductile behaviour up to failure. The results indicate that the Direct Design Method can be successfully used to design partially prestressed concrete solid beams which cater for the combined effect of bending, shear and torsion loads.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to increase the part recovery rate (to more than 70%) during the casting of a ductile cast iron turbo charger housing using a heater around the riser. Before creating a casting mold, various runner and riser systems were designed and analyzed with a casting simulation analysis tool. The design variables were the heater temperature, top insulation, riser location, riser diameter and the riser shape. During the feeding from the riser to the part, the reverse model was better than the forward model. When heating the riser (above $600^{\circ}C$), solidification of the riser was delayed and the feeding effect was suitable compared to that without heating. At a higher heating temperature, less solidification shrinkage and porosity were noted inside the part. On the basis of a casting simulation, eight molds were fabricated and casting experiments were conducted. According to the experimental conditions, external and internal defects were analyzed and mechanical properties were tested. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation outcome were correspondingly more than 540MPa and 5% after a heat treatment. In addition, a maximum part recovery rate of 86% was achieved in this study.

• 접착 및 계면
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2006

The single lap joint is the most studied joint in the literature in terms of both theory and practice. It is easy to manufacture and the lap shear strength is a useful value for strength assessment and quality control. Simple design rules exist such as the one present in standard ASTM 1002 or in a recent paper by Adams and Davies. The main factors that have an influence on the lap shear strength are the type of adhesive, i.e. ductile or brittle, the adherend yield strength and the overlap length. The overlap increases the shear strength almost linearly if the adhesive is sufficiently ductile and the adherend does not yield. For substrates that yield, a plateau is reached for a certain value of overlap corresponding to the yielding of the adherend. For intermediate or brittle adhesives, the analysis is more complex and needs further investigation. In order to quantify the influence of the adhesive, the adherend and the overlap on the lap shear strength, the experimental design technique of Taguchi was used. An experimental matrix of 27 tests was designed and each test was repeated three times. The influence of each variable could be assessed as well as the interactions between them using the statistical software Statview. The results show that the most important variable on the lap shear strength is the overlap length followed by the type of adherend.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.492-502
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• 2002

게르버보의 댑단부는 PCI와 CPCI 배근방법에 의하여 설계하였고, 남은 두 단부는 본 연구에서 고려한 배근방법으로 배근하였다. 본 실험에서 고려한 댑단부의 깊이는 프리캐스트 콘크리트의 깊이 77 cm와 토핑콘크리트의 깊이 18.2 cm를 합한 전체 보깊이의 1/2에 해당한다. 실물크기 게르버 U형보 2개에 대하여 4회의 전단실험을 수행하였다. PCI와 CPCI 설계방법에 의한 모든 시험체는 사용하중의 32 % 이전에 댑 모서리 요각부위에서 초기균열이 발생하였으며, 예상 공칭강도에는 못 미치나 설계강도를 상회하여 종국 파괴되었다. 걸이 철근량을 PCI 요구량보다 증가시킬수록 초기균열 제어에 효과적이었으며, 폭 넓은 균열을 발생시키며 연성적으로 파괴되었고 강도도 증가하였다. CPCI 설계방법에 의한 시험체는 PCI시험체에 비하여 보다 연성적으로 파괴되었다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 원전 구조물 내 철근 콘크리트 구조와 강판 콘크리트 구조가 이질접합된 경우를 모사하기 위하여, 상하부 표면강판 간에 타이바를, 상하부 리브재 간에 타이형강을 구성한 보형 실험체를 제작하여 실험체의 면외 휨 거동특성을 확인하고자 하였다. 실험결과, 실험체의 연성거동을 검증하였으며, 타이바와 타이형강이 콘크리트 및 강판의 분리를 방지함으로써 접합부의 취성파괴를 막아주고 있음을 확인하였다. 또한, #14 주철근으로 구성한 강판 콘크리트 구조 접합부에 대하여 두 가지 형태의 기계적 정착이음 방식에 따른 인장실험을 수행함으로써 본 방식의 설계 적정성을 평가하였다. 실험결과, 두 실험체 모두 주철근이 항복에 도달할 때까지 철근의 정착 및 연결 기능을 탄성한도 내에서 건전히 수행하고 있음을 확인하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.273-291
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• 2020

Two-storey X-bracings are currently very popular in European practice, as respect to chevron and simple X bracings, owing to the advantages of reducing the bending demand in the brace-intercepted beams in V and inverted-V configurations and optimizing the design of gusset plate connections. However, rules for two-storey X braced frames are not clearly specified within current version of EN1998-1, thus leading to different interpretations of the code by designers. The research presented in this paper is addressed at investigating the seismic behaviour of two-storey X concentrically braced frames in order to revise the design rules within EN1998-1. Therefore, five different design criteria are discussed, and their effectiveness is investigated. With this aim, a comprehensive numerical parametric study is carried out considering a set of planar frames extracted from a set of structural archetypes that are representative of regular low, medium and high-rise buildings. The obtained results show that the proposed design criteria ensure satisfactory seismic performance.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.308-315
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• 2005

The capacity protection is normally related with slenderness effect of the columns, force transfer in connections between columns and adjacent elements, and shear design of columns. It is intends to prevent brittle failure of the structural components of bridges, so that the whole bridge system may show ductile behavior and failure during earthquake events. For bridge systems, this means it is necessary to assess the overstrength capacity of columns prior to proceeding with the design of foundation and superstructure. The objective of this paper is to develop a capacity design approach that applies an overstrength factor for determination of possible maximum shear force in the plastic hinge zone of reinforced concrete bridge columns. In order to estimate and determine overstrength factor, material strength was developed to investigate for actual material strength total 3,407 steel and 5,405 concrete by domestic product. Based on actual material strength, this paper was conducted on moment overstrength factors using moment-curvature analysis program. And also design recommendations for capacity design are presented to revise the annual report, KEERC 2002.