Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2020.36.3.273

Seismic design rules for ductile Eurocode-compliant two-storey X concentrically braced frames  

Costanzo, Silvia (Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Naples "Federico II")
D'Aniello, Mario (Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Naples "Federico II")
Landolfo, Raffaele (Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Naples "Federico II")
Publication Information
Steel and Composite Structures / v.36, no.3, 2020 , pp. 273-291 More about this Journal
Abstract
Two-storey X-bracings are currently very popular in European practice, as respect to chevron and simple X bracings, owing to the advantages of reducing the bending demand in the brace-intercepted beams in V and inverted-V configurations and optimizing the design of gusset plate connections. However, rules for two-storey X braced frames are not clearly specified within current version of EN1998-1, thus leading to different interpretations of the code by designers. The research presented in this paper is addressed at investigating the seismic behaviour of two-storey X concentrically braced frames in order to revise the design rules within EN1998-1. Therefore, five different design criteria are discussed, and their effectiveness is investigated. With this aim, a comprehensive numerical parametric study is carried out considering a set of planar frames extracted from a set of structural archetypes that are representative of regular low, medium and high-rise buildings. The obtained results show that the proposed design criteria ensure satisfactory seismic performance.
Keywords
concentrically braced frames; two-storey CBF, eurocode 8; capacity design; bracings; seismic design;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Chen, C.H. and Mahin, S.A. (2012), "Performance based seismic demand assessment of concentrically braced steel frame buildings. PEER report 2012/103", Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, Headquarters at University of California, Berkeley, California.
2 Costanzo, S., D'Aniello, M. and Landolfo, R. (2016), "Critical review of seismic design criteria for chevron concentrically braced frames: the role of the brace-intercepted beam", Ing. Sismica: Int. J. Earthq. Eng., 33(1-2), 72-89.
3 Costanzo, S., D'Aniello and M. and Landolfo, R. (2017a), "Seismic design criteria for chevron CBFs: European vs North American codes (part-1)", J. Constr. Steel Res., 135, 83-96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.04.018.   DOI
4 Costanzo, S., D'Aniello, M. and Landolfo, R. (2017b), "Seismic design criteria for chevron CBFs: Proposals for the next EC8 (part-2)", J. Constr. Steel Res., 138, 17-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.06.028.   DOI
5 Costanzo, S. and Landolfo, R. (2017), "Concentrically braced frames: European vs. North American seismic design provisions", Open Civil Eng. J., 11(Suppl-1, M11), 453-463. DOI: 10.2174/1874149501711010453.   DOI
6 Costanzo, S., D'Aniello, M., Landolfo, R. and De Martino, A. (2018), "Critical discussion on seismic design criteria for cross concentrically braced frames", Ing. Sismica: International J. Earthq. Eng., 35(2), 23-36.
7 Costanzo, S., D'Aniello, M. and Landolfo, R. (2019), "Proposal of design rules for ductile X-CBFs in the framework of Eurocode 8", Earthq. Eng. Struct D., 48(1), 124-151. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3128.   DOI
8 Goggins, J.M., Broderick, B.M. and Elghazouli, A.Y. and Lucas, A.S. (2006), "Behaviour of tubular steel members under cyclic axial loading", J. Constr. Steel Res., 62(1-2), 121-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2005.04.012.   DOI
9 EN 1994-1-1 (2004), Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structures - Part 1.1: General rules and rules for buildings.
10 EN 1998-1-1. (2005), Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance - Part 1: General rules, seismic actions and rules for buildings.
11 Hsiao, P., Lehman, D. and Roeder, C. (2012), "Improved analytical model for special concentrically braced frames", J. Constr. Steel Res., 73, 80-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2012.01.010.   DOI
12 Hsiao, P.C., Lehman, D.E. and Roeder, C.W. (2013), "Evaluation of the response modification coefficient and collapse potential of special concentrically braced frames", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 42, 1547-1564. doi:10.1002/ eqe.228.   DOI
13 Khatib, I.F., Mahin, S.A. and Pister, K.S. (1998), "Seismic behavior of concentrically braced steel frames", Report UCB/EERC-88/01. Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA.
14 Longo, A., Montuori, R. and Piluso, V. (2008), "Failure mode control of X-braced frames under seismic actions", J. Earth. Eng., 12, 728-759. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460701572955.   DOI
15 D'Aniello, M., Costanzo, S. and Landolfo, R. (2015), "The influence of beam stiffness on seismic response of chevron concentric bracings", J. Constr. Steel Res., 112, 305-324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.05.021.   DOI
16 Silva, A., Santos, L., Ribeiro, T. and Castro, J.M. (2018), "Improved seismic design of concentrically X-braced steel frames to Eurocode 8", J. Earthq. Eng., DOI: 10.1080/13632469.2018.1528912.
17 Abramowitz, M. and Stegun, I.A. (1964), Handbook of Mathematical Functions, National Bureau of Standards, Applied Math. Series
18 AISC Seismic Design Manual. 3rd Ed. Chicago, USA. American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc; 2018
19 American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc. (AISC). (2016), Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings. ANSI/AISC Standard 341-16. AISC, Chicago, Illinois
20 CSA. 2014. Design of Steel Structures, CSA-S16-14, Canadian Standards Association, Toronto, ON.
21 D'Aniello, M., La Manna Ambrosino, G., Portioli, F. and Landolfo, R. (2013), "Modelling aspects of the seismic response of steel concentric braced frames", Steel Compos. Struct., 15(5), 539-566. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2013.15.5.539.   DOI
22 D'Aniello, M., La Manna Ambrosino, G., Portioli, F. and Landolfo, R. (2015b), "The influence of out-of-straightness imperfection in Physical-Theory models of bracing members on seismic performance assessment of concentric braced structures", Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build., 24(3), 176-197. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.1160.   DOI
23 Dicleli, M. and Calik, E.E. (2008), "Physical theory hysteretic model for steel braces", J. Struct. Eng.- ASCE, 134(7), 1215-1228. ttps://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2008)134:7(1215).   DOI
24 Elghazouli, A.Y. (2010), "Assessment of European seismic design procedures for steel framed structures", Bull. Earthq. Eng., 8, 65-89. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-009-9125-6.   DOI
25 Uriz, P. and Mahin, S.A. (2008), "Toward earthquake-resistant design of concentrically braced steel-frame structures". PEER rep no. 2008/08 Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Centre, College of Engineering, Univ. of California, Berkley.
26 Longo, A., Montuori, R. and Piluso, V. (2015), "Seismic design of chevron braces coupled with MRF fail safe systems", Earthq. Struct., 8(5), 1215-1239. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2015.8.5.1215.   DOI
27 Longo, A., Montuori, R. and Piluso, V. (2016), "Moment frames - concentrically braced frames dual systems: analysis of different design criteria", Struct. Infrastruct. Eng., 12(1),122-141. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2014.996164.   DOI
28 Silva, A., Castro, J.M. and Monteiro, R. (2019), "Practical considerations on the design of concentrically-braced steel frames to Eurocode 8", J. Constr. Steel Res., 158, 71-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2019.03.011.   DOI
29 Spacone, E., Ciampi, V. and Filippou, F.C., (1996), "Mixed formulation of nonlinear beam finite element", Comput. Struct., 58(1), 71-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(95)00103-N.   DOI
30 Tremblay, R. and Tirca, L. (2003), "Behavior and design of multi-story zipper concentrically braced steel frames for the mitigation of soft-story response", Proceedings of the conference on behaviour of steel structures in seismic areas.
31 Whitmore, R. (1952), "Experimental Investigation of Stresses in Gusset Plates", University of Tennessee, Tech. Rep. No. 16
32 Wijesundara, K.K., Nascimbene, R. and Rassati, G.A. (2018), "Evaluation of the seismic performance of suspended zipper column concentrically braced steel frames", J. Constr. Steel Res., 150, 452-461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2018.09.003.   DOI
33 Yoo, J.H., Roeder, C.W. and Lehman, D.E. (2009), "Simulated behavior of multi-story X-braced frames", Eng. Struct., 31(1), 182-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.07.019.   DOI
34 Bosco, M., Brandonisio, G., Marino, E.M., Mele, E. and De Luca, A. (2017), "$\Omega$* method: An alternative to Eurocode 8 procedure for seismic design of X-CBFs", J. Constr. Steel Res., 134, 135-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.03.014.   DOI
35 Astaneh-Asl, A., Cochran, M.L. and Sabelli, R. (2006), "Seismic Detailing of Gusset Plates for Special Concentrically Braced Frames", Structural Steel Educational Council- Steel TIPS.
36 Barbagallo, F., Bosco, M., Marino, E.M. and Rossi, P.P. (2019), "Achieving a more effective concentric braced frame by the double-stage yield BRB", Eng. Struct., 186, 484-497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.02.028.   DOI
37 Bosco, M., Ghersi, A., Marino, E.M. and Rossi, P.P. (2014), "A capacity design procedure for columns of steel structures with diagonals braces", Open Constr. Build. Technol. J., 8, 196-207. DOI: 10.2174/1874836801408010196.   DOI
38 EN 1993:1-1 (2005), Eurocode 3: design of steel structures - part 1-1: general rules and rules for buildings.
39 EN 1990 (2001), Eurocode 0: Basis of structural design.
40 EN 1991-1-1 (2002), Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-1: General actions -Densities, self-weight, imposed loads for buildings.
41 Seismosoft (2011), SeismoStruct - A computer program for static and dynamic nonlinear analysis of framed structures. Available from URL: www.seismosoft.com.
42 Marino, E.M. (2013), "A unified approach for the design of high ductility steel frames with concentric braces in the framework of Eurocode 8", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 43(1), 97-118. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2334.   DOI
43 Menegotto, M. and Pinto, P.E. (1973), "Method of analysis for cyclically loaded R.C. plane frames including changes in geometry and non-elastic behaviour of elements under combined normal force and bending", Symposium on the Resistance and Ultimate Deformability of Structures Acted on by Well Defined Repeated Loads.
44 Metelli, G. (2013), "Theoretical and experimental study on the cyclic behaviour of X braced steel frames", Eng. Struct., 46, 763-773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.08.021.   DOI
45 Shen, J., Wen, R., Akbas, B., Doran, B. and Uckan, E. (2014), "Seismic demand on brace-intersected beams in two-story X-braced frames", Eng. Struct., 76, 295-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.07.022.   DOI
46 Shen, J., Wen, R. and Akbas, B. (2015), "Mechanisms in Two-story X-braced Frames", J. Constr. Steel Res., 106, 258-277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2014.12.014.   DOI
47 Shen, J., Seker, O., Akbas, B., Seker, P., Seyedbabak, M. and Faytarouni, M. (2017), "Seismic performance of concentrically braced frames with and without buckling", Eng. Struct., 141, 461-481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.03.043.   DOI