• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.798-802
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• 2009

시판되는 112점의 생식제품에서 대장균(Escherichia coli), 클로스트리디움 퍼프린젠스(Clostridium perfringens), 바실러스 세레우스(Bacillus cereus) 등의 오염 미생물을 분석하여 식품공전 기준 규격에 적합한지를 알아보았다. E. coli는 모든 생식제품에서 검출되지 않았다. C. perfringens는 11제품(9.8%)에서 검출되었고 $10^2$ CFU/g으로 기준 규격에 적합하였다. B. cereus는 25제품(23.3%)에서 검출되었고, 5제품에서 $10^2$CFU/g 이하, 7품에서 $10^2{\sim}10^3$ CFU/g, 13제품에서 $10^3{\sim}10^4$ CFU/g으로 검출되었다. 이 분리 세균은 전형적인 특성을 보이고 있었는데 TSC agar, MYP agar에서 검출된 균은 그람양성 및 간균이었으며, 생화학 테스트 결과 egg-yolk의 지질을 분해할 수 있는 lecithinase를 가지고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 그러므로 유통되고 있는 생식 제품의 일부는 식품공전의 기준 규격을 초과하는 B. cereus가 검출되어 보다 더 철저한 세균 제어 관리가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.245-250
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• 2019

Newcastle disease (ND) is an infectious poultry disease that caused high mortality and reduced egg production. NDVs are regularly present in the domestic duck population. And ducks play a possible role in the maintenance and transmission of NDVs. While we were monitoring the Avian Influenza, NDVs were isolated from field samples by accident. So we analysed the biological and genetic characteristics of these viruses. Lentogenic NDVs were isolated from two farms among twenty breeder duck farms. The ages of ducks were 39 weeks old in the 'A' farm and 3~72 weeks old in the 'B' farm. And they were not inoculated with the NDVs vaccine. In the biological characteristics, the both viruses which separated from the farm 'A' and 'B' were thermostable. The amino acid sequence of a site from 112 to 119 in the fusion (F) protein was 'GKQGRLIG' which has monobasic motif in the samples of both farms. And this means the separated NDVs are lentogenic. Phylogenetic analysis was performed by entire nucleotide sequence of F protein. The virus strains from the A farm (MN095239) and the B farm (MN095240) belonged to class II genotype I. Using the analysis of whole F protein nucleic acid sequence, the MN095239 (GenBank) had homology with Ulster strain about 99.95% and the MN095239 (GenBank) had homology with KR/CK/KU_LBM255/09 strain about 99.89%. NDV surveillance is needed to investigate epidemiological relationship of domestic breeder duck isolates in Korea.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1562-1569
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• 2004

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs)-enriched diet supplemented with different levels of $\alpha$-tocopherol on the activities of hepatic lipogenic-related enzymes and the contents of liver and plasma lipid fractions in laying Tsaiya ducks. A total of 180 30-wk-old laying Tsaiya ducks, at the beginning of peak production, were allotted into 6 treatments with 3 replicates each. Ducks were fed one of the 6 experimental diets, containing 4% tallow (control), and 4% fish oil supplemented with graded levels of $\alpha$-tocopheryl acetate ($\alpha$-tocopherol) at 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg, respectively, for 6 wks. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum throughout the experimental period. The results indicated that the n-3 PUFAsenriched diet supplemented with different levels of $\alpha$-tocopherol did not affect (p>0.05) egg weight, feed intake, body weight change or liver and abdominal fat weights. Egg production, egg mass and feed efficiency significantly (p<0.05) improved as dietary $\alpha$-tocopherol levels increased. The activities of hepatic lipogenic-related enzymes including acetyl-CoA carboxylase (EC 6. 2. 1. 3; ACC), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1. 1. 1. 49; G-6-PDH), ATP-citrate cleavage enzyme (EC 4. 1. 3. 8; CCE), NADP-malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.40; NADP-MDH) and fatty acid synthetase (FAS) were higher (p<0.05) in birds fed with the tallow diet than in those fed with fish oil diets and increased with increasing dietary $\alpha$-tocopherol levels. None of the dietary treatments significantly affected the contents of triglyceride and total cholesterol in the liver, or total cholesterol, phospholipid and total lipid in the plasma. However, the contents of phospholipid and total lipid in the liver, and triglyceride in the plasma increased as dietary $\alpha$-tocopherol levels increased. Increasing dietary $\alpha$-tocopherol levels decreased the non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) content in the plasma and trended to decrease the cholesterol contents in the egg yolk. The lipid metabolism of laying Tsaiya ducks was influenced not only by the dietary fat but also by the supplementation levels of $\alpha$-tocopherol.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2011

In this study, We investigated the properites of nano-emulsions containing hydrogenated lecithin prepared by high pressure homogenizer. The size of droplet of emulsions prepared by homogenizer at various rpm (rotation per minute) was not measured due to the unstability of emulsions, however, the size of droplet of nano-emulsions prepared by high pressure homogenizer was around 300 nm and the appearance of emulsions was bluish. The stability of emulsions with various lecithin concentration was tested against time. POV (Peroxide value) of emulsions were plotted against time. POVs of emulsions prepared with an egg lecithin and a soy lecithin were increased with time, however, POV of emulsion with Lecinol S-$10^{(R)}$ was kept constant within 60 hours and at $60^{\circ}C$. In consumer test, the nano-emulsion showed higher affinity regardless of skin type. Both of irritation scores of emulsions were similar.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집(II)
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• pp.379-384
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• 2003

DangSan Bridge of Seoul Subway No 2 was rebuilt by safety reason. From Dec 1996 to Dec 1999 we were in charge of permanent way design of this rebuilt project. Especially we applied maintenance free system on the bridge by Cologne Egg alternative (ALT1) base plate and CWR (Continuous Welded Rail) by ZLR(Zero Longitudinal Restraint) for 125m (south approach section), 120m long(north approach section). This thesis generally introduce for CWR by ZLR which was first adapted CWR system in Korea.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.101-115
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• 1986

This study was designed to establish Korean food culture by analizing 17 sets of Jinyounuigue(진연의궤) Jinchanuigue(진찬의궤), and Jinjarkuigue(진작의궤) which were the records of royal party procedures in Yi dynasty. Side dishes were classified into 20 groups in this study ; Tang (場) 19, Jungol (전골) 3, J'im 18, Jun (전) 20, Jock 14, Pyunuk (片肉) 14, Cho 12, Hyae 17, Po 8, Chae 3, Bung 1, Nanri 1, Sooran 1, Sookran 1, Jaban 1, Kimchi 2, etc. all of 140 different kinds of side dishes. There was no tendency in omission or addition of food materials. Food materials were beef, pork, lamb, chicken, duck, peasant meat, dock's egg, fish, shellfishes, mollusca, curstacea, seaweeds, vegetables, fruits, beancurds, muk (a starch jelly), d'ock, muchrooms, etc. Seasonings were soysauce, pepper, sesame oil, ginger, green-onion, garlic, bean paste, ginger powder, red pepper powder, red pepper paste, salts, vinegar, honey, sesame power, etc.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2002

동결된 오리 MDM을 $25^{\circ}C$에서 약 3시간 방치하여 반해동시킨 후 얇게 자르고, 저온의 알칼리액(0.2% NaHCO$_3$와 0.15% NaCl 혼합액)으로 4시간 침지.교반하면서 수세처리한 후 다시 염지액 중에서 4시간 동안 교반하며 염지하였다. 염지가 끝난 육을 수세한 후 수분 80%이하로 탈수하여 silent cutter에 넣고 육만을 10분간 1차 고기갈이하고, 다시 식염을 첨가하여 30분간 2차 고기갈이를 하였다. 나머지 부원료와 첨가물, 즉 0.3% 폴리믹스 GA, 0.3% 폴리믹스 CS, 0.3% 피로인산염, 0.3% 중합인산염, 4.2% 설탕, 8% 전분, 7% 대두분리단백, 0.2% MSG, 0.5% 양파분말, 0.1% 마늘분말, 1.5% 넛멕, 0.1%이하의 솔빈산칼륨, 0.0075% 식용색소 적색 40호 7% 난백, gluten 3% 및 돈지 10%를 넣고 15분간 3차 고기갈이한 후 즉시 PVDC 필름에 공기가 들어가지 않게 충진하여 밀봉한 다음 9$0^{\circ}C$의 증기를 이용하여 80분간 가열하고 실온까지 급냉시켜 오리 MDM 소시지를 제조하였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.223-232
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• 1984

Glucose oxidase에 의(依)한 건조용(乾燥用) 난백(卵白)의 탈당반응(脫糖反應)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)하기 위(爲)하여 난백중(卵白中)의 glucose함량(含量) 측정법(測定法)과 효소(酵素)의 활성(活性)에 미치는 최적조건(最適條件)을 검토(檢討)하였으며 효소(酵素)의 농도(濃度), pH, 온도(溫度) 및 효소(酵素)의 공급(供給)에 의(依)한 난백(卵白)의 탈당속도(脫糖速度)와 난백(卵白)의 기포력(氣泡力)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. Dianisidine법(法)은 glucose $100{\mu}g$ 범위내에서의 glucose 정량법(定量法)으로 적합하다고 인정(認定)되었다. 2. Glucose oxidase활성(活性)의 glucose에 대(對)한 최적(最適)pH는 약(約) 5.0 부근이었으며, pH안정성(安定性)은 pH 4.0~5.5의 범위에서 $50^{\circ}C$로 30분(分) 처리(處理)했을 때 안정(安定)했다. 3. Glucose에 대(對)한 glucose oxidase 반응(反應)의 최적온도(最適온度)는 약(約) $20^{\circ}C$ 부근이었으며, 그 활성(活性)은 $50^{\circ}C$까지 안정(安定)하였다. 4. Glucose oxidase에 의(依)한 난백(卵白)의 탈당(脫糖)은 효소농도(酵素濃度), pH 및 산소(酸素)의 공급(供給)등에 의(依)하여 영향(影響)을 받았으며, 0.1% 효소농도(酵素濃度), pH 7.0, $26^{\circ}C$ 및 30% $H_2O_2$ 5.0ml의 반응조건(反應條件)에서 탈당(脫糖)은 10시간(時間)이 소요되었다. 5. 공시(供試) 난백(卵白)의 기포력(氣泡力)은 90.0ml(control)에서 103.4ml(trypsin+glucose oxidase)의 범위였으며, 단백질분해효소(蛋白質分解酵素)로 처리(處理)했을 때 대조구(對照區)에 비(比)해 기포안정성(氣泡安定性)이 낮았다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.217-224
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• 1992

The study was undertaken to determine the effect of dietary magnesium on the eggshell quality and other performance in laying Tsaiya ducks and Leghorn hens. Twenty-five Tsaiya ducks and 25 Leghorn hens were raised in individual cages. The basal diet was mainly consisted of corn starch and isolated soybean protein. At the beginning of the experiments, birds were fed for 10 days with the basal diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg Mg (1070 mg/kg in total by analysis) in order to allow the birds adapting to the new diet. Both Tsaiya ducks and Leghorn hens were then each randomly divided into five groups and each group of five birds were fed with the experimental diets containing 690, 1070, 1690, 2150 or 2380 mg/kg Mg, respectively for 21 days. Eggs were collected in order to measure eggshell quality, Mg and Ca content of the eggshell. At the end of the experiments, blood samples of all birds were taken from their brachial veins for measuring the concentration of Mg and Ca in the plasma. Experimental results appeared that the dietary Mg content did not significantly affect egg production, egg weight, eggshell breaking strength and thickness in both Tsaiya ducks and Leghorn hens. In Tsaiya ducks, however, the plasma Mg concentration was affected by the dietary Mg content, but the plasma Mg almost reached a plateau (4.66 mg/dl) as long as the dietary Mg level was over 1070 mg/kg. In Leghorn hens, the plasma Mg level was significantly increased from 1.66 mg/dl to 4.03 mg/dl when the dietary Mg content in the diet had been increased from 690 mg/kg to 2380 mg/kg, suggesting that the plasma Mg concentration seems to be directly influenced by the Mg absorbed in the intestine. In the Tsaiya ducks, however, the dietary Mg level did not significantly affect the eggshell Mg content (from 0.113% to 0.123%). Whereas, there was a negative correlation between the eggshell thickness and eggshell Mg content (r = -0.50, p<0.01), revealing that the increase in eggshell Mg content probably associated with the impairment of eggshell quality in Tsaiya ducks. In Leghorn hens, however, there was no significant correlation between eggshell quality and eggshell Mg content, although the Mg content in the eggshell was also increased from 0.279% to 0.427% when the dietary Mg had been elevated from 690 mg/kg to 2380 mg/kg.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.66-73
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 닭, 오리, 말, 염소, 사슴 및 양으로부터 발생되는 분 뇨 및 폐수의 오염물 부하를 조사 및 분석함으로써 축사로부터 발생 및 배출되는 오염물 부하 원단위를 산정하였다. 그 조사 결과는 다음과 같다. 닭의 오염물질 배출량 및 농도분석 원단위를 통하여 산출된 배출부하 원단위는 사육두수 및 사료의 종류, 분의 처리방법의 상이함에 의해 산란계에서 높게 나타난 것으로 판단된다. 배출부하 원단위 중 사슴의 경우 기존의 문헌보다 높게 측정된 것은 사슴의 축종별 체중과 오염물질 발생량의 차이에 의한 것으로 판단된다. 양의 경우 뇨의 발생 부하량 원단위가 분에 비해 2배 정도 높게 측정되었는데 문헌자료에서는 분이 뇨보다 높게 측정되어 현 연구에서의 측정결과와 많은 차이를 나타내었다.