• 한국가스학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2015

본 연구는 발전용 디젤 엔진을 천연가스/디젤 혼소 엔진으로 개조하기 위한 선행 연구로 1.5MW급 발전용 디젤 엔진을 대상으로 상용 프로그램인 GT-Power를 이용해 수치해석을 진행하였다. 흡기 포트에 천연가스 분사 장치를 추가한 수치해석 모델을 통해 기존 엔진에서 천연가스와 디젤을 혼소시킬 경우 엔진 성능에 미치는 영향과 특성에 대해 분석하였다. 엔진 속도 720RPM, 혼소율 0%~40%까지 5개 조건에서 수치해석을 진행했다. 연구 결과 혼합 연소 시 천연가스의 비율이 증가할수록 출력이 감소하는 경향을 보였으며 혼소율 40%에서 출력이 18.4% 감소하였다. 이에 따라 실험계획법(Design of Experiment)을 통해 연료 분사시기와 연료 분사 기간에 대한 영향을 분석했다. 또한 이러한 영향을 고려해 연료 분사시기와 분사기간을 최적화시켜 혼소 엔진 출력과 디젤 엔진의 출력을 비교하여 혼소엔진으로의 개조에 따른 엔진의 출력과 효율에 대한 변화를 정량적으로 도출하였다. 그 결과 혼소율 40%에서 엔진 출력은 8.55% 감소하여 최적화 이전에 비해 12.5%의 개선 효과를 보였다.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.42-50
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• 1998

The effect of swirl flows un the fuel spray characteristics were investigated for various swillers in a model combustor. The interaction between the flow field and fuel spray in the main combustion tone made by frontal devices including fuel injection nozzles and swirlers. which were characterized by flow velocities, fuel droplet sizes and their distributions which were measured by APV(Adaptive Phase/Doppler Velocimetry) under atmospheric condition at 320cc/min kerosine fuel flow and 0.04kg/sec air supply. A dual swirler with circumferential two-stage swirl vanes of $40^{\circ}\;and\;45^{\circ}$ vanes in different directions and two single-stage swillers of $40^{\circ}$ vanes with 12 and 16 vanes were tested. It was found that the dual swirler has the largest recirculating zone with highest reverse flow velocity. The strongest swirl flow was found at the boundary of recirculation zone. Small fuel droplets were observed in the main axial stream and inside the recirculation zone when swirling flow field were generated by the frontal devices. These findings could give the tips on the optimal design of frontal devices to realize low emissions in gas turbine combustion.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.499-503
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• 2016

배기가스의 배출을 현저하게 저감시켜 강화된 환경규제에 적합한 DF 엔진의 고압 가연성 가스를 공급하기 위한 이중관 가스 벨로우즈의 연구개발에 대한 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 최적화된 이중관 벨로우즈의 개발을 위한 것으로, 내식성재료인 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강에 대하여 이중관으로 벨로우즈화하는 성형방법과 최적화된 용접 조건을 도출하여 다양한 성능평가를 통해 생산된 시제품의 신뢰성을 확보하기 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구의 제1보에서는 최적화된 벨로우즈를 설계하기 위하여 구조설계, 좌굴해석 및 응력해석을 통해 좌굴 발생 하중 및 벨로우즈 응력을 해석하였다. 그 결과 엠보싱 형상을 가진 벨로우즈의 경우 좌굴 발생 하중이 약 1.6배 증가하였으며, 최대 설계압력보다 2배인 30.0 bar에서 어떠한 좌굴 및 스컴이 발생하지 않는다는 것을 확인하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권7호
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• pp.1563-1570
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• 2017

In order to perform dry interim storage and transportation of the spent-fuel assemblies of the Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant, dual-purpose casks can be utilized. The effectiveness of different neutron-shield materials for the dual-purpose cask was analyzed through a set of calculations carried out using the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) code. The dose rate for the dual-purpose cask utilizing the recently developed materials of $epoxy/clay/B_4C$ and $epoxy/clay/B_4C/carbon$ fiber was less than the allowable radiation level of 2 mSv/h at any point and 0.1 mSv/h at 2 m from the external surface of the cask. By utilization of $epoxy/clay/B_4C$ instead of an ethylene glycol/water mixture, the dose rates on the side surface of the cask due to neutron sources and consequent secondary gamma rays will be reduced by 17.5% and 10%, respectively. The overall dose rate in this case will be reduced by 11%.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.68-76
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• 2012

Recently, the important issues of gasoline engine are to reduce the fuel consumption and emission. Thus, many researchers are studying the technology to solve these problems. One approach of these issues is to achieve homogeneous charge combustion and stratified change combustion with various injection strategy. In this study, the combustion characteristics of DISI engine accrding to injection strategy were examined. The effect of injection timing on lean limit A/F were investigated using dual DISI single cylinder. The results show that the engine operation region of dual DISI type engine is larger than that of PFI and DISI type engine cases. Especially, late injection is very effective to extend the operation region more than any other injection timings. In addition, the results show that when the DISI injection ratio is increase, leam limit A/F is improved. It means that the dual injection system car meet with emission regulations and reduce the fuel consumption. Also, combustion pressure of dual injection system is much higher than PFI and DISI injection.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.112-120
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• 2005

The injector, which is used in a 4-valve gasoline engine, is required to be maintained the dual stream because of the design of dual intake port. In addition, the spray characteristics of fuel injector have strong influence on engine performance, exhaust emission, fuel consumption, and especially the cold start condition for the port injection. So, commercial gasoline injectors off different type were inspected. Those are 2 hole,4 hole, air shroud 4 hole, and air shroud 4 hole injector with separator. The spray behavior of dual stream was researched by the visualization system and PDPA system was employed to measure the droplet size. Atomization is one of the most important characteristic, so droplet size distributions and SMD are investigated. And the spray characteristics of each injector are also analyzed such as the spray tip penetration, spray angle, and separation angle.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.132-144
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• 2003

Numerical analysis of the spray angles of Dual swirl injector were investigated to obtain basic design data and to predict the combustion performance. Using the commercial thermal hydraulic program, discharge coefficients and spray angles were numerically analyzed with recess length, pressure drop, velocity ratio, mixture ratio and back hole length. Water was used as simulants for oxidizer and fuel, respectively to compare the experimental results. Swirl injectors were designed to inject oxidizer of 70.5g/s and fuel of 29.5g/s at the pressure drop of 1MPa and two recess lengths were considered. In addition, the effect of injector geometry coefficient and velocity ratio on the discharge coefficient was studied.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.447-452
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• 2016

The use of gas as fuel, particularly liquefied natural gas (LNG), has increased in recent years owing to its lower sulfur and particulate emissions compared to fuel oil or marine diesel oil. LNG is a low temperature, volatile fuel with very low flash point. The major challenges of using LNG are related to fuel bunkering, storing, and handling during ship operation. The main components of an LNG fuel system are the bunkering equipment, fuel tanks, vaporizers/heaters, pressure build-up units (PBUs), and gas controlling units. Low-pressure dual-fuel (DF) engines are predominant in small LNG-powered vessels and have been operating in many small- and medium-sized ferries or LNG-fueled generators.(Tamura, K., 2010; Esoy, V., 2011[1][2]) Small ships sailing at coast or offshore rarely have continuous operation at constant engine load in contrast to large ships sailing in the ocean. This is because ship operators need to change the engine load frequently due to various obstacles and narrow channels. Therefore, controlling the overall system performance of a gas supply system during transient operations and decision of bunkering time under a very poor infrastructure condition is crucial. In this study, we analyzed the fuel consumption, the system stability, and the dynamic characteristics in supplying fuel gas for operating conditions with frequent engine load changes using a commercial analysis program. For the model ship, we selected the 'Econuri', Asia's first LNG-powered vessel, which is now in operation at Incheon Port of South Korea.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.326-335
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• 2017

It is known that diesel engines have the disadvantage of high emission levels of NOx and PM. Therefore, many combustion strategies have been developed to reduce these harmful NOx and PM emissions in a diesel engine. Among these strategies, HCCI(Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) and PCCI(Premixed Charge Compression Ignition) are the most popular as these can reduce NOx and PM simultaneously. However, when a single fuel like diesel is applied, it is difficult to control the combustion phase and this can lead to power reduction. In this study, premixed gasoline and pilot diesel were used to overcome the problems of controllability of the combustion phase and harmful emissions. We injected gasoline directly into the combustion chamber and the gasoline/air mixture was ignited with a pilot diesel fuel near the top dead center. The results showed that the combustion and emission characteristics of dual-fuel combustion were comparable to those of conventional diesel combustion. When we applied the dual-fuel PCCI combustion concept, more than 90 % of NOx and PM emission was reduced simultaneously without significant degradation of efficiency compared to conventional diesel combustion.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.435-443
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• 2016

본 논문은 국내 원전의 습식저장조에 저장 중인 경수로형 사용후핵연료를 금속겸용용기를 이용해 건식으로 운영하기 위한 운영공정을 개발하는 것이다. 국내 경수로형 원전의 사용후핵연료는 1990년대 초부터 습식으로 소내에서 운반을 한 경험은 많으나 건식으로 운전한 경험은 전혀 없는 실정이다. 이에 따라 금속겸용용기를 운영할 수 있는 세부 운영공정을 개발하였으며 주요 운영공정에서 금속겸용용기의 주요 구성품 및 사용후핵연료의 안전성이 유지됨을 확인하였다. 단기운영공정은 총 21시간 내에 이루어지도록 절차를 수립하였고 단계별로 허용운전 시간(15시간 습식공정, 3시간 배수공정, 그리고 3시간 진공공정)도 제시하였다.