• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2019

In this study, feedback logic using dual O₂ sensor values were developed to increase the purification capability of a three-way catalyst (TWC) in a compressed natural gas (CNG) engine. A heavy-duty inline 6-cylinder engine was used and the CNG was supplied to the engine through a mixer. This study consists of two main parts, namely, the proportional integral (PI) control with a front O₂ sensor and the feedback control with dual O₂ sensors. In the PI control experiment, effects of various parameters, such as P gain, I gain, and lean delay, on the TWC capability were identified. Based on the results of the PI control experiment, the feedback logic using dual O₂ sensor values were developed. In both cases, the nitrogen oxides (NO_X) emissions were nearly zero. However, the carbon monoxide (CO) emissions were reduced significant in the feedback logic with dual O₂ sensors than in the PI control with the front O₂ sensor.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.616-623
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• 2007

A dual micro gas sensor array was fabricated using nano sized $SnO_2$ thin films which had good sensitivities to CO and combustible gases, or $H_2S$ gas for air quality sensors in automobile. The already existed air quality sensor detects oxidizing gases and reducing gases, the air quality sensor(AQS), located near the fresh air inlet detected the harmful gases, the fresh air inlet door/ventilation flap was closed to reduce the amount of pollution entering the vehicle cabin through HVAC(heating, ventilating, and air conditioning) system. In this study, to make $SnO_2$ thin film AQS sensor, thin tin metal layer between 1000 and $2000{\AA}$ thick was oxidized between 600 and $800^{\circ}C$ by thermal oxidation. The gas sensing layers such as $SnO_2$, $SnO_2$(pt) and $SnO_2$(+CuO) were patterned by metal shadow mask for simple fabrication process on the silicon substrate. The micro gas sensors with $SnO_2$(+Pt) and $SnO_2$(CuO) showed good selectivity to CO gas among reducing gases and good sensitivity to $H_2S$ that is main component of bad odor, separately.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.1641-1647
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• 2006

나노입자 크기를 가진 얇은 $SnO_2$ 박막을 이용하여 CO 및 $H_2S$에 대한 우수한 감도를 가지는 복합 마이크로 가스센서 어레이를 제작하였다. 나노입자의 박막을 만들기 위해서 약 $2500{\AA}$ 두께의 $SnO_2,\;SnO_2(+Pt),\;SnO_2(+CuO)$ 막을 셰도우마스크를 사용하여 형성 한 후, 이를 $600{\sim}800^{\circ}C$의 온도에서 산화하므로서 나노입자의 $SnO_2$ 모물질의 가스감지 박막을 형성하였다. 실리콘 기판의 마이크로센서의 형태로 제작된 $SnO_2(Pt)$ 및 $SnO_2(+CuO)$ 가스센서는 각각 CO 및 $H_2S$ 가스에 대한 매우 우수한 감도를 나타내는 것을 확인하였다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.357-363
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• 2021

We developed a chemiresistive anion sensor using highly conductive carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) functionalized with anion receptors. Mechanically robust CNTFs were prepared via wet-spinning utilizing the nematic liquid crystal properties of CNTs in chlorosulfonic acid (CSA). For anion detection, polymeric receptors composed of dual-hydrogen bond donors, including thiourea 1, squaramide 2, and croconamide 3, were prepared and bonded non-covalently on the surface of the CNTFs. The binding affinities of the anion receptors were studied using UV-vis titrations. The results revealed that squaramide 2 exhibited the highest binding affinity toward AcO^-, followed by thiourea 1 and croconamide 3. This trend was consistent with the chemiresistive sensing responses toward AcO^- using functional CNTFs. Selective anion sensing properties were observed that CNTFs functionalized with squaramide 2 exhibited a response of 1.08% toward 33.33 mM AcO^-, while negligible responses (<0.1%) were observed for other anions such as Cl^-, Br^-, and NO₃^-. The improved response was attributed to the internal charge transfer of dual-hydrogen bond donors owing to the deprotonation of the receptor upon the addition of AcO^-.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.161-164
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• 1997

편광유지 광섬유를 이용한 주파수가 안정화된, 두 개의 서로 수직으로 편광된 종모우드를 갖는 He-Ne레이저 빛을 LoTa $O_{3}$ 위상변조기로 구성된 센서부(sensor head)로 전달해 줌으로써 원격에서 전기장을 측정할 수 있는 hybrid, heterodyne 간섭식 센서를 구성하였다. In/quadrature-phase위상변조풀이 방식을 이용하여 전기광학 효과에 의해 서로 수직으로 편광된 두 모우드 사이에 유도된 위상차이를 측정함으로써 항상 높은 검지율을 유지할 수 있는 전기장 센서를 구성하고, 이를 이용하여 광학 물질에 유도된 복굴절도 측정을 할 수 있었다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1988년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국내학술편); 한국전력공사연수원, 서울; 21-22 Oct. 1988
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• pp.725-728
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• 1988

Image restoration technique using dual sensor is presented in this paper. Digital Radiography image (1024xlO24) is obtained by conventional resolution sensor. We also obtain local DR image data by high resolution sensor. Two dimensional maximum entropy power spectrum estimation (2-D ME PSE) is applied to low resolution image and high resolution image for the purpose of the power spectrum estimation of each image. A class of linear algebraic restoration filter, parametric projection filter (PPF), is derived from the power spectrums of each image. It is shown that the noise energy may be considerably reduced through the PPF.

• 센서학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 1997

La가 첨가된 $PbTiO_{3}(PLT)$ 박편을 이용하여 압전효과에 대한 보상이 이루어진 고감도 초전형 적외선 센서를 제작하였다. 센서는 두 개의 $1{\times}2\;mm^{2}$의 cell을 인접하게 나란히 설치하고 적절히 전극을 배열한 이중소자 형태로 제작하였으며, 제작된 센서는 단일 소자형 센서에 비하여 잡음 특성이 향상되어 신호대 잡음비가 350에 이르렀다. 나아가 2400 V/W 이상의 전압감도, $4.6{\times}10^{-8}\;C/cm^{2}K$의 초전계수 및 $4.2{\times}10^{-11}\;Ccm/J$의 전압 성능지수와 8.7 msec의 작은 열시상수 특성들을 보였다. 제작된 초전형 적외선 센서는 적절한 매치를 통하여 인체의 이차원적 이동방향의 감지에 응용할 수 있음을 실험을 통하여 확인하였다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.40-45
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• 1994

SAW 가스센서의 기판으로 $112^{\circ}$ rot. x-cut $LiTaO_{3}$ 기판을 사용하였고, 사진식각법으로 reference delay line과 sensing delay line으로 구성된 dual delay line SAW소자를 제작하였다. 각각의 IDT는 전극의 폭이 $10{\mu}m$이고, 10 개의 전극쌍을 갖는다. 각각 두개의 delay line 중에서 reference delay line은 감지막을 증착시키지 않고, sensing delay line은 유기물 반도체의 일종인 Pb-프탈로시아닌을 shadow mask로써 $10^{-5}$torr의 진공하에서 선택적으로 증착시켰다. 제작된 SAW소자로 rf amp.와 AGC(Auto Gain Control)를 사용하여 dual delay line oscillator를 만들었다. 이때 발진주파수는 $87{\sim}$89 MHz였다. 온도와 $NO_{2}$ 가스농도의 변화에 따른 발진주파수의 변화를 조사하였다.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2002

Increasingly stringent emission regulations of EU and CARB (California Air resource Board) require mandatory OBD (On Board Diagnostics) far the catalytic converters of a vehicle. It demands that MIL(Malfunction Indication Light) should be tuned on to inform the driver of catalytic converter failures. Currently dual oxygen sensor method Is widely used for the converter OBD. However, since it works only alter converter light-off, it has a serious limitation when applied to TLEV or more stringent emission regulations where more than 85% of total emission is coming out before converter light-off. In addition, a recent development in catalyst material. coating technology and additive catalysts leads to a much improved OSC (Oxygen Storage Capacity) after converter light-off, current methods are very difficult to determine levels of converter aging. Therefore, it is desired to develop an OSC detecting method before converter light-off to diagnose converter failures with higher reliability. In this study, OSCs of converters are measured by an absolute measuring method and a dynamic measuring method, and some of fundamental ideas are suggested about converter OBD before converter light-off. The converters are aged with two different aging methods; those are a furnace aging and an engine bench aging: to represent aging conditions in actual field applications. Dual oxygen sensor method at the lower temperature than light-off is also studied at a model gas bench with the converters. It is fecund that there is a certain point in temperature lower than light-off where difference due to aging level becomes maximum, thus a proper dynamic method to effectively monitor catalytic converters could be implemented fur the range lower than light-off temperatures. With this result, the aging level of converters is examined at an engine bench.

• 센서학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.108-114
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• 1999

표면 탄성파 가스센서는 소자의 크기가 작고, 값이 싸며, 가스에 대한 감도가 매우 높고 소자의 신뢰도가 높은 장점을 갖고 있다. 본 연구에서는, $LiTaO_3$ 단결정 압전기판 위에 이중지연선을 갖는 표면 탄성파 $NO_2$ 가스센서를 설계 및 제작하였다. 제조된 IDT의 커패시턴스는 79.3MHz의 주파수에서 326.34pF였다. 임피던스 매칭이 된 IDT의 반사손실은 79.3MHz의 주파수에서 최대인 -16.74dB로 나타났다. SAW 발진기를 성하여 고주파증폭기의 이득을 적절히 조정함으로써 안정된 발진이 이루어짐을 확인하였다. SAW 발진기의 $NO_2$ 가스에 대한 발진주파수의 변이는 28Hz/ppm으로 나타났다.