• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2015

An IP-2 type container is used for the transport of low-level radioactive materials. An IP-2 type metal container was modeled and analyzed for the dropping conditions in normal transport conditions required by NSSC Notice 2014-50, "Regulations on the packaging and transport of radioactive materials." Structural analyses were performed by finite element method, and the acceptability was reviewed by comparing the results with technical standards and maximum allowable stresses of each material. Structural members of the container were modeled as 3D solid elements, and the possible dropping directions were considered in these analyses. Results show that maximum stresses, maximum deformed gaps in the cover, and maximum estimated thickness reduction in structural members were well below the allowable limits; thus, the structural integrity of the container was confirmed.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.925-938
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• 2010

Depending on network conditions, a communication network could be overloaded when media are transmitted. Research has been carried out to lessen network overloading, such as by filtering, load distribution, frame dropping, and other methods. Among these methods, one of the most effective is frame dropping, which reduces specified video frames for bandwidth diminution. In frame dropping, B-frames are dropped and then I- and P-frames are dropped, based on the dependency among the frames. This paper proposes a scheme for protecting copyrights by encryption, when frame dropping is applied to reduce the bandwidth of media based on the MPEG-4 file format. We designed two kinds of frame dropping: the first stores and then sends the dropped files and the other drops frames in real time when transmitting. We designed three kinds of encryption methods using the DES algorithm to encrypt MPEG-4 data: macro block encryption in I-VOP, macro block and motion vector encryption in P-VOP, and macro block and motion vector encryption in I-, P-VOP. Based on these three methods, we implemented a digital rights management solution for MPEG-4 data streaming. We compared the results of dropping, encryption, decryption, and the quality of the video sequences to select an optimal method, and found that there was no noticeable difference between the video sequences recovered after frame dropping and the ones recovered without frame dropping. The best performance in the encryption and decryption of frames was obtained when we applied the macro block and motion vector encryption in I-, P-VOP.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.269-275
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• 2006

Rolling bearings are classified one of the most important machine elements. The various function of bearings are greatly influenced by grease, and higher performance of rolling bearing greases is required to improve bearing lubrication. Three urea/ether oil greases with different composition were synthesized to compare the performance of these greases. The typical grease physical properties were investigated, and life test of these greases was conducted by FE-9 grease life tester. The grease with higher content of the thickener showed higher performance. After these preliminary test, twelve greases were synthesized and evaluated the performance of dropping point and OIT value. And optimized conditions for grease synthesis were selected by SSRED (Six Sigma Robust Engineering Design) using dropping point and OIT value respectively. The optimized grease using OIT value showed longer grease life than that using dropping point. Two greases were synthesized following the optimum synthesis conditions by means of OIT value. Then grease life and other properties of these greases were investigated. These two greasaes showed longer grease life than typical urea/ether oil grease.

• 한국전자파학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전자파학회 2000년도 종합학술발표회 논문집 Vol.10 No.1
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• pp.44-48
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• 2000

In this study was modify the PRMA for supporting various types of traffic classes such as CBR, VBR, ABR and UBR. For uplink, we use reservation slots and so the performance will not degrade in case of over load conditions. For downlink broadcasting slots for informing the status of slot reservations are used so the high priority priority terminal can preempt. And we use almost same size buffer as the frame size. So we can dynamically deal with, the traffic changes of VBR terminals. It makes easy for the terminals to reserve supplementary slots. Each terminal is reallocated by the priority of traffic classes and so we can easily select the dropping packets in case of overload conditions. As a result, using our scheme, we can get high channel efficiency and get low packet dropping ratio and delay.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

One of the most frequently used method for measurement of the degree of sizing (viz., hydrophobicity) is the Stockigt test. However, the Stockigt test was influenced by various factors such as dropping height, dropping amount, dropping speed and viewing angle. The resultant data of the sizing degree on the same specimen also varied according to different testers. Thus, the Stockigt test should be modified to be regarded as a highly reliable and reproducible standard method. For modifying the Stockigt test, it was required to quantify red coloration by reaction between 1％ ferric chloride and 2％ ammonium thiocyante during Stockigt testing. The cameras capturing the serial images during the red coloration process were the CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)-type and CCD (Charge Coupled Device)-type cameras. For measurement based on KS M 7025, the CCD-type camera must be used due to its high resolution, and on the other hand, for measurement based on Tappi Useful Method 429, the CMOS-type camera may be used owing to its low resolution. It was needed to covert the RGB values of a droplet image into HSV(Hue, Saturation, and Value) values because the human eyes are much closer to HSV than RGB. Among HSV values, the Hue value was accepted as the most reliable index consistent with the red coloration process by excluding the surrounding conditions such as light, tester's movement etc.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.118-127
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• 2012

Objectives: This study was undertaken to assess the sanitary conditions in the kitchens of food court/cafeterias and determine seasonal variations. Methods: We measured environmental factors (air temperature, relative humidity, illumination intensity, noise level), and dropping airborne microbes (bacteria and fungi) in the kitchens of eight food court/cafeterias in four seasons (January, April, July, and October). Air temperature and relative humidity were measured with in/out thermo-hygrometers at 1.2-1.5 m above floor level. Illuminance measurement was performed through the multiple point method of Korean Standards (KS). Noise level was measured by the standard methods for the examination of environmental pollution (noise and vibration) of Korea. The estimation of dropping airborne bacteria and fungi was performed through use of Koch's method. Results: The highest kitchen air temperature was in July, and the lowest in January. The average temperature surpassed $21^{\circ}C$ throughout the seasons, suggesting a higher temperature than required for the safe handling of food. Humidity in all the kitchens was measured in the range of 50-60%. Half of the kitchens showed illumination intensities below 300 Lux in April. It was found that the sound pressure level of noise in almost all of the kitchens was higher than 85 dB (A). The highest levels of dropping airborne bacteria and fungi were noted in July. The numbers of airborne bacteria were higher than those of fungi. The levels of dropping airborne bacteria and fungi were affected by air temperature, relative humidity, season, and place. Conclusions: This study indicates that the kitchen environments were unqualified to supply safe food. The hygiene level of the kitchens should be improved.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.60-73
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• 1973

두개의 검출기를 사용한 상호상관함수법으로 원자로의 잡음을 해석하여 TRIGA MARK-II 원자로의 동특성과 원자로의 안전을 위한 계수율 및 미임계시의 반응도를 측정하였다. 본 실험결과 원자로의 영출력과 전출력시의 임계상태에서 α값은 각각 46.67과 70.04로 얻어졌으며 안전봉낙하에 의한 임계미미상태에서는 79.47, 그리고 조정봉낙하에 의한 임계미만에서는 97.57로 얻어졌다. 이때 l*값은 β가 0.0075때에 107μsec와 160μsec로 나타났으며 Shut down margin의 미임계도는 안전봉낙하시에 -10.03×10-4이었고 조정봉낙하시에는 -29.43×10-4이었다. 본 실험에서는 CDC 3100/MSOS Digital 전자계산기, HITACH 505 Analog 전자계산기와 직접 제작한 Preamplifier, Bandpass filter, FM-Moulator, FM-Demodulator 등을 이용하여 계산 측정하였다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.461-467
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• 2014

AQM은 라우터에서 사용되고 있으며 큐의 순간적 길이나 평균길이를 관찰하여 혼잡을 예측하고 탐지하는 알고리즘이며, 평균 큐길이가 임계 값을 초과하면 혼잡이 발생하였다고 추론하고 라우터로 유입되는 패킷을 미리 폐기시키거나 패킷 전송 노드에게 혼잡을 미리 알림으로써 전송노드에서 전송률을 줄여 혼잡을 피하도록 한다. AQM 알고리즘의 하나인 RED (random early detection)는 패킷을 무작위로 폐기시켜 혼잡제어를 하는 큐 기반의 혼잡 제어기술이다. RED는 TCP의 시간경과 및 큐 지연을 줄이며 링크 활용도를 높이고 버스트한 트래픽이 유입되는 것을 관리하는 기술로써 널리 사용되어지고 있으며 혼잡도의 정도를 큐의 평균 길이로 추정한다. 그러나 파라미터($P_{max}$, $TH_{min}$)값들이 고정되어 있어서 특정한 네트워크 환경에서는 동작을 잘 못한다. 본 논문에서는 네트워크 상태를 지속적으로 감지함으로써 $P_{max}$와 $TH_{min}$의 값을 네트워크 상태에 적합한 값으로 자동적으로 바꾸어줌으로서 다양한 환경에서도 동작을 잘할 수 있는 확장 RED를 제안한다.

• 폴리머
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2010

무전해 니켈 도금법을 사용하여 단분산 폴리스티렌 입자 표면에 니켈이 도금된 고분자 코어/금속 쉘의 복합 입자를 제조하였다. 단분산 입자는 분산중합으로 제조하였는데 사용한 분산매질의 종류에 따라 다양한 크기의 단분산 폴리스티렌 입자를 제조할 수 있었다. 그 중 직경 $3.4\;{\mu}m$ 크기의 단분산 폴리스티렌 입자를 선택하여 무전해 니켈 도금을 시도하였다. 니켈 도금에 영향을 미치는 도금 조건을 파악하기 위하여 활성화제인 $PdCl_2$의 농도, 착화제인 glycine의 농도와 니켈 도금액의 투여 시간에 따른 니켈 도금된 폴리스티렌 복합 입자의 모폴로지를 관찰하였다. 본 연구조건하에서는 $PdCl_2$의 농도 0.4 g/L, glycine 농도 1 M 이상인 경우 폴리스티렌 입자 위에 균일한 두께의 니켈층을 형성하였고 석출되는 니켈도 적었다. 도금 시간 2 시간 중에서 동일양의 도금액을 투여 속도를 달리하며 도금한 경우 모폴로지 상의 뚜렷한 차이는 없었으나 0.15 mL/min 속도로 1시간 동안 투여한 경우가 상대적으로 균일한 도금 특성을 보여 주었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.240-245
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• 1995

기내에서 직접 대량 생산하여 생산된 반하 소괴경을 인공재배할 수 있는 온도, 일장 및 생장조절제 반응 등을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 반하 생육에 알맞은 온도 조건은 항온보다는 변온에서 좋았다. 2. 일장 조건은 6시간/일 단일 조건에서 괴경, 물질생산 및 자구생산에 유리하였다. 3. 반하괴경의 수량은 2.4-D 0. 1ppm, Kinetin 10ppm 및 gibberellin 50ppm에서 양호 하였다. 4. 반하의 자구 형성은 2. 4-D 10ppm 과 gibberellin 10ppm에서 좋았다. 5. 콜히친 침지처리는 반하의 생육억제 효과를 나타냈으나 자구의 형성에는 콜히친 0. 05%에서 48시간 침지처리 하였을 때 가장 좋았다. 6. 콜히친 적하처리에서는 콜히친 0. 1%에서 1일 1회 적하처리할 때 괴경건물 생산량이 가장 높았고 자구형성은 콜히친 0.05%에서 매일 1회씩 5일간 적하처리할 때 가장 좋았다.