• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.585-591
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• 2003

Recently, South korea is driving forward the strategy concerning of the logistics center of northeast asia aggressively on the purpose of promoting Busan port & Gwangyang port to the hub-port of northeast asia, In that situation, it is significant that the meaning, construction connecting between south and north railway. Namely, That is the reason why Busan port is satisfied with the combined transport system of not only marine transportation but also railway transportation completely, However, the research and policy is only focused on the connection of north-south railway so far. The ability of Buans railway equipment as the actual role of origin-destination point of TKR(Trans Korean Railway), was not reviewed. Therefore, this research is shown the problem and reality of the railway transport concerning the centralization of Busan port, and the capacity of Busan port railway facility regarding the increase of future container quantity is reviewed and analyzed Moreover, the object, shown the importance of facility expansion such as Gungbu Trans Express between Daegu and Busan and the improvement scheme for railway transportation activation through the analysis of society cost and the logistics cost of the ability of railway facility, is set up.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.35-44
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• 2015

Recently, the government aims to discover and provide services to citizens on the development strategy for activating the U-City. So, this study aims to offer a service discovery direction by analyzing the service issues and trends. The target is newspaper article about U-City Service from 2009 to 2014. Prepared 723 newspaper article for analysis. Next step is frequency analysis of keyword and used that result for Network analysis and measure of information. Network analysis can show result through "Degree Centrality", "Betweenness Centrality" and "Closeness Centrality". As a result, "Information", "IT", "Environment", "Technology", "Center" is higher than another. These 5 keywords are important factors for driving the U-City the past six years. Information measurement results, Already U-City were put an emphasis on building the infrastructure and able to identify a trend that provided the center of the public service. Those Service field are "Tour(2009)", "Crime prevention and Disaster Prevention(2010)", "Facility Management(2011)", "administration(2012)" and "Facility Management(2013, 2014)". Result of this study found implications what on citizen participation. So, services field on the existing infrastructure should be discovered and provided. Finally, this study can expected to be a reference in the local government planning for U-City.

• Journal of National Security and Military Science
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• s.7
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• pp.271-303
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• 2009

"Ubiquitous sensor network" definition is this-Someone attaches electro-magnetic tag everything which needs communication between man to man, man to material and material to material(Ubiquitous). By using attached every electro-magnetic tag, someone detects it's native information as well as environmental information such as temperature, humidity, pollution and infiltration information(Sensor). someone connects it realtime network and manage generated information(Network). 21st century's war is joint combined operation connecting with ground, sea and air smoothly in digitalized war field, and is systematic war provided realtime information from sensor to shooter. So, it needs dramatic development on watch reconnaissance, command and control, pinpoint strike etc. Ubiquitous computing and network technologies are essential in national defense to operate 21st century style war. It is possible to use many parts such as USN combined smart dust and sensor network to protect friend unit as well as to watch enemy's deep area by unmanned reconnaissance, wearable computer upgrading soldier's operational ability and combat power dramatically, RFID which can be used material management as well as on time support. Especially, unmanned watch system using USN is core part to transit network centric military service and to get national defense efficiency which overcome the dilemma of national defense person resource reducing, and upgrade guard quality level, and improve combat power by normalizing guardian's bio rhythm. According to the test result of sensor network unmanned watch system, it needs more effort and time to stabilize because of low USN technology maturity and using maturity. In the future, USN unmanned watch system project must be decided the application scope such as application area and starting point by evaluating technology maturity and using maturity. And when you decide application scope, you must consider not only short period goal as cost reduction, soldier decrease and guard power upgrade but also long period goal as advanced defense ability strength. You must build basic infra in advance such as light cable network, frequency allocation and power facility etc. First of all, it must get budget guarantee and driving force for USN unmanned watch system project related to defense policy. You must forwarded the USN project assuming posses of operation skill as procedure, system, standard, training in advance. Operational skill posses is come from step by step application strategy such as test phase, introduction phase, spread phase, stabilization phase and also repeated test application taking example project.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.77-82
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• 2012

To share the lanes with conventional vehicles, traffic operation strategy is needed for NEV (Neighborhood Electric Vehicle). Because NEV cannot accelerate sharply as fast as common car include gasoline, diesel and LPG cars, they may interrupt traffic conditions and make traffic delay. After green lights turn on, all vehicles run through the street including NEV, but NEV have a maximum speed which is 50km/h. It can be an obstacle for following vehicles and will make traffic delay of the intersection. In this reason, we need to organize traffic systems like queue jump with priority traffic signal. To analyze the necessity for NEV road operations, we simulate three scenarios in congested and non-congested conditions. First is that we examine the condition which is mixed NEV and cars on the road, the second one is that we set up lane only NEV can accepted in simulation and last one is making queue jump lane and providing priority signal for NEV. In conclusion, we can conclude that making lane only for NEV is effective to improve travel speed when rate of NEVs is over 20%. Also queue jump lane and priority signal cannot make good effect to intersection delay and average speed.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.387-407
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• 2005

This paper is to study globalization motives and strategies of Japanese and Korean industries by analyzing the causes and patterns of foreign direct investment (FDI) of the firms of the two countries during the 1980s and 1990s. First we develop a FDI function from the profit maximizing model of firms. Then we use regression analysis to determine internally driving-out factors and externally-inducing factors. Japanese FDI strategy has gone through three different stages; from natural resource-seeking investment in the 1950s and 1960s to market-expansion investment in the 1970s and 1980s and to a combination of cost-reducing (low-cost labor-seeking) investment and market-penetrating investment in the 1990s. On the other hand, Korean FDI behavior has gone through four different stages; from the learning stage with small investments in the 1970s, to natural resource-seeking investment in the early and mid 1980s, to the growth stage in the late 1980s and the early 1990s, to the maturity stage of the mid and late 1990s. The last two stages were characterized by a combination of cost-reducing investment and market-seeking investment. As a late comer, Korea began its FDI two decades later than Japan, but caught up the patterns of Japanese FDI by the mid 1990s and is in a competing position with Japan. Our findings show that both Japanese FDI and Korean FDI in Asia and other developing countries tendto be in labor-intensive sectors where their firms are losing their comparative advantages at home. The main motive for FDI into these regions is low-cost resource seeking. On the other hand, both Japanese FDI and Korean FDI in the U.S. and Europe tend to be knowledge-intensive sectors where Japanese and Korean firms attempt to internalize transaction and information costs by globalizing its production. The main motive for FDI into these regions is market-seeking. Firms in both countries have increased their investments in Mexico and Western and Eastern Europe in order to penetrate large economic blocs such as the EU and NAFTA area. Korean firms are more aggressive in expanding into new and untested markets than are their counterpart in Japan. Evidence of this can be seen in the scarcity of Japanese FDI and abundance of Korean FDI in Eastern Europe and China.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.129-137
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• 2018

With the advent of the 4th Industrial Revolution, destructive technologies have become more frequent and companies are facing difficulties in survival with existing technologies, and companies are pursuing the survival or growth of businesses through business diversification as a countermeasure. There is a lack of research on the effects of perceived possibility of policy finance and management support, which act as a driving force of corporate growth, on firm performance. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effect of business diversification on the performance of SMEs. For this study, data were collected from 525 employees of 20 SMEs. Statistical analysis was performed using regression analysis. First, the product diversification and market diversification, which are independent variables of business diversification of SMEs, have a positive (+) influence on firm performance. Second, it is shown that product diversification, which is an independent variable, is controlled by the possibility of perceiving as a controlling variable in the effect of product diversification, which is a dependent variable, while market diversification during business diversification is not controlled by perception appear. This analysis suggests that SMEs need product diversification to create corporate performance. After discussing the above conclusions and implications, the direction of the research for the follow - up study was suggested.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.39
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• pp.355-386
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• 2014

Current business environment asks the fundamental changes about business security. The essences of these changes are that the security management of today's global business is important task of managers and the security practitioner is professional who needs very specialized education and training with business thinking. Rapid process of globalization of global village tore down the business limit that was restricted on the geological areas' limitation. Rapid business environments' change that is driving depends on development of science and technology with globalization needs new paradigm to keep business continuity. With the process of globalization, Korea, which importance is gradually increasing in the national economy, has trade dependent economic system, which keeps power of national economy through trade, so Korean economic tendency is accelerating. To keep competitiveness in global market, new strategy that is different with existing domestic business management is necessary. That is, capacity of coping with outside risk in domestic business management is established in some degree, but business activities in foreign countries faces at numerous unexpected risks that differ from country to country such as difference with the custom, changes of corporate governance etc. To cope with these new risks effectively, new paradigm for business risk is necessary. Especially, flexibility of thinking like new paradigm is necessary to cope with new security risk effectively. To cope with security risk that occurs in the new business environment effectively and competes against international company in global market, company management and members' changes of cognition about security and innovative changes in security policy is necessary. In the basement of these changes, there is expansion of business security tasks, improvement of report line, enhancement of professionalism and status of security officers, variation of hands-on workers and increasing of investment to the security etc.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.8 no.4 s.30
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• pp.37-47
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• 2006

The road sign is one of street furnitures functioning to guide directions for drivers. The road sign should be employed and designed to help drivers find their destinations easily and accurately. It is obvious that the road sign is one of the main components that enhance efficiency and safety of driving environments. The current way of guiding strategy at road signs in Korea is a system for mainly guiding 'points' although a new system guiding 'road names' and 'street numbers' with the introduction of new address system is now being introduced on urban areas. When the regional territory management offices and local governments try to employ current road sign systems, they are supposed to follow the sign regulations which contains standard project processes, selection methods of guiding points, character size and design, and location selection for each road sign. However, the current road sign regulations are very complex to understand and unclear for a person in charge to do tasks described above. Especially, selection process and criteria of guiding points are cumbersome and controversial. Furthermore, non sufficient ways of selecting guiding points considering road functions and geographic characteristics decrease the connectivity of guiding points. This study develops enhanced ways of increasing connectivity of successive guiding points through three case studies. Developed ways will help highway agencies and officials understand how to improve the connectivity of road signs.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.72-72
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• 2012

Lithium rechargeable batteries have been widely used as key power sources for portable devices for the last couple of decades. Their high energy density and power have allowed the proliferation of ever more complex portable devices such as cellular phones, laptops and PDA's. For larger scale applications, such as batteries in plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) or power tools, higher standards of the battery, especially in term of the rate (power) capability and energy density, are required. In PHEV, the materials in the rechargeable battery must be able to charge and discharge (power capability) with sufficient speed to take advantage of regenerative braking and give the desirable power to accelerate the car. The driving mileage of the electric car is simply a function of the energy density of the batteries. Since the successful launch of recent Ni-MH (Nickel Metal Hydride)-based HEVs (Hybrid Electric Vehicles) in the market, there has been intense demand for the high power-capable Li battery with higher energy density and reduced cost to make HEV vehicles more efficient and reduce emissions. However, current Li rechargeable battery technology has to improve significantly to meet the requirements for HEV applications not to mention PHEV. In an effort to design and develop an advanced electrode material with high power and energy for Li rechargeable batteries, we approached to this in two different length scales - Atomic and Nano engineering of materials. In the atomic design of electrode materials, we have combined theoretical investigation using ab initio calculations with experimental realization. Based on fundamental understanding on Li diffusion, polaronic conduction, operating potential, electronic structure and atomic bonding nature of electrode materials by theoretical calculations, we could identify and define the problems of existing electrode materials, suggest possible strategy and experimentally improve the electrochemical property. This approach often leads to a design of completely new compounds with new crystal structures. In this seminar, I will talk about two examples of electrode material study under this approach; $LiNi_{0.5}Mn_{0.5}O_2$ based layered materials and olivine based multi-component systems. In the other scale of approach; nano engineering; the morphology of electrode materials are controlled in nano scales to explore new electrochemical properties arising from the limited length scales and nano scale electrode architecture. Power, energy and cycle stability are demonstrated to be sensitively affected by electrode architecture in nano scales. This part of story will be only given summarized in the talk.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to suggest strategic approach to expand Korean e-government export. Korean e-government was evaluated as a top level by UN electronic government survey 2014. However its export is very limited. This study reviews the literature related to e-government, and analyze existing Korean e-government export. The results of this analysis are as follows: lack of a law related e-government export, decentralized organizations, insufficient export process, lack of e-government solution for sale, limited funds, deficiency of cooperation between large and small enterprises. This study suggests a strategic approach such as to clarify the purpose of e-government export, to decide government or civilian-oriented export, to establish driving strategy, to improve and develop e-government export related areas. There are many ways for improvement and development of e-government export as follows: to enact a basic law or to revise the e-government law, to integrate functions of separated organizations and establish control tower, to improve export process, to build information sharing system, to develop standardized solution module, and to expand fund to support. The author expects that this paper will contribute to enhance Korean e-government export.