• Title/Summary/Keyword: Driving Cycle

Search Result 296, Processing Time 0.028 seconds

Evaluation of Energy Saving with Vector Control Inverter Driving Centrifugal Pump System (벡터 제어 인버터 구동 원심펌프시스템의 에너지 절감 평가)

  • Suh, Sang-Ho;Kim, Kyungwuk;Kim, Hyoung-Ho;Yoon, In Sik;Cho, Min-Tae
    • The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
    • /
    • v.18 no.2
    • /
    • pp.67-72
    • /
    • 2015
  • The purpose of this study is to achieve energy saving effect of inverter driving multistage centrifugal pump. For determining the operation points in the pump system, the system curves should be obtained experimentally. To get the system curves, three pumps combined in parallel and one pump operated with different rotational speeds. But for variable speed pump system, energy saving rates can not be evaluated from operation efficiencies. That is why operation efficiencies, system curves, duty cycles, and input powers of the pump system were measured by the constructed experimental apparatus. The duty cycle segmented into different flow rates and weighting the average value for each segment by the interval time. The system was operated with two different periods. The mean duty cycles were collected from apartment and found that the system operated at 40% and at 50% or below capacity. Measured energy saving rate was 58.16%. Estimating method of energy saving rate could be more effective operation index than that of operation efficiency.

A Study on the Nano-particles Emission Exhausted from Diesel Passenger Vehicle According to Using Biodiesel (바이오디젤 사용에 따른 경유승용차의 나노입자 배출특성 연구)

  • Kwon, Sang-Il;Lee, Chang-Sik
    • Journal of ILASS-Korea
    • /
    • v.12 no.1
    • /
    • pp.65-70
    • /
    • 2007
  • This paper is to investigate the characteristics of exhaust emissions and nano-particle emission from diesel passenger vehicle according to using biodiesel fuel as an alternative fuel. In this work, the particulate matters (PM) of exhaust emissions in diesel engine were investigated by number of particles and mass measurement. The mass of the total PM was measured using the standard gravimetric measurement method, the total number concentrations were measured on a ECE15+EUDC driving cycle using Condensation Particle Counter (CPC). Total PM emission was reduced $2{\sim}38%$ and number concentration was reduced $1{\sim}27%$ according to increasing blended ratio of biodiesel with diesel fuel. Total PM emission was reduced more than particle number emission because volatile particles were measured in total PM but were not measured in particle number emissions.

  • PDF

A Study on Multi Pass Transmission System for a Flywheel Hybrid Vehicle (플라이휘일 하이브리드 차량의 다경로 동력전달장치 연구)

  • 송한림;김현수
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
    • /
    • v.5 no.3
    • /
    • pp.106-116
    • /
    • 1997
  • In this paper, using MATLAB SIMULINK, a generalized design methodology was suggested for multi pass transmission(MPT) by classifying the vehicle power train as prime mover, MPT and vehicle dynamics. This approach enables a designer to investigate the influence of each transmission component by simple combination of system components without changes of overall program. Using the design methodology, a MPT consisting of CVT, 2, clutches and reduction gears was designed for a braking energy regenerative flywheel hybrid vehicle. The CVT is essential in order to connect the engine and flywheel speed with the vehicle speed. For the purpose of smooth clutch operation, control algorithm was suggested by introducing dead zone for the clutch engagement. Using the SIMULINK model, performance of the flywheel hybrid vehicle with MPT was investigated. It was observed from the simulation results that the MPT vehicle showed better fuel economy, 47% than that of AT vehicle, 27% than that of CVT vehicle for ECE-15 driving cycle. Especially destinct fuel efficiency improvement was obtained for city driving cycle requiring more frequent stop and start.

  • PDF

The Monitoring Study of Exchange Cycle of Automatic Transmission Fluid (자동변속기유(ATF) 교환주기 모니터링 연구)

  • Lim, Young-Kwan;Jung, Choong-Sub;Lee, Jeong-Min;Han, Kwan-Wook;Na, Byung-Ki
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
    • /
    • v.24 no.3
    • /
    • pp.274-278
    • /
    • 2013
  • Automatic transmission fluid (ATF) is used as an automatic transmission in the vehicle or as a characterized fluid for automatic transmission. Recently, vehicle manufacturers usually guarantee for changing fluids over 80000~100000 km mileage or no exchange. However, most drivers usually change ATF below every 50000 km driving distance when driving in Republic of Korea according to a survey from the Korea Institute of Petroleum Management which can cause both a serious environmental contamination by the used ATF and an increase in the cost of driving. In this study, various physical properties such as flash point, pour point, kinematic viscosity, dynamic viscosity at low temperature, total acid number and four-ball test were investigated for both fresh ATF and used ATF after the actual vehicle driving distance of 50000 km and 100000 km. It was shown that most physical properties were suitable for the specification of ATF, but the foam characteristics of the used oil after running 100000 km was unsuitable for the specification of fresh ATF. Therefore, the exchange cycle of ATF every 80000~100000 km driving distance is recommended considering great positive contributions to preventing environmental pollution and reducing driving cost.

Solar tower combined cycle plant with thermal storage: energy and exergy analyses

  • Mukhopadhyay, Soumitra;Ghosh, Sudip
    • Advances in Energy Research
    • /
    • v.4 no.1
    • /
    • pp.29-45
    • /
    • 2016
  • There has been a growing interest in the recent time for the development of solar power tower plants, which are mainly used for utility scale power generation. Combined heat and power (CHP) is an efficient and clean approach to generate electric power and useful thermal energy from a single heat source. The waste heat from the topping Brayton cycle is utilized in the bottoming HRSG cycle for driving steam turbine and also to produce process steam so that efficiency of the cycle is increased. A thermal storage system is likely to add greater reliability to such plants, providing power even during non-peak sunshine hours. This paper presents a conceptual configuration of a solar power tower combined heat and power plant with a topping air Brayton cycle. A simple downstream Rankine cycle with a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) and a process heater have been considered for integration with the solar Brayton cycle. The conventional GT combustion chamber is replaced with a solar receiver. The combined cycle has been analyzed using energy as well as exergy methods for a range of pressure ratio across the GT block. From the thermodynamic analysis, it is found that such an integrated system would give a maximum total power (2.37 MW) at a much lower pressure ratio (5) with an overall efficiency exceeding 27%. The solar receiver and heliostats are the main components responsible for exergy destruction. However, exergetic performance of the components is found to improve at higher pressure ratio of the GT block.

Application of an Emission Estimation Methodology to Reflect Microscale Road Driving Conditions (미시적 도로주행 조건을 반영한 배출량 산정 방법의 적용 사례 연구)

  • Hu, Hyejung;Yoon, Chunjoo;Yang, Choongheon;Kim, Jinkook
    • International Journal of Highway Engineering
    • /
    • v.18 no.3
    • /
    • pp.115-125
    • /
    • 2016
  • PURPOSES : This study proposes a methodology to collect data necessary for microlevel emission estimation, such as second-by-second speeds and road grades, and to accordingly estimate emissions. METHODS : To ease data collection for microlevel emission estimation, a vehicle equipped with speed- and location-recording instruments as well as equipment for measuring road geometry was used. As a case study, this vehicle and the proposed methodology were used on a 10-km-long highway in Yongin City, Korea. Emissions from the vehicle during driving were estimated in various microscale driving conditions. RESULTS : Differences in the estimated emission under different microscale driving conditions cannot be ignored. Compared with the estimations obtained when second-by-second data were not considered, CO and NOx emissions were more than threefold higher when considering second-by-second speed; similarly, CO and NOx emission estimations were higher by approximately 10% and 3%, respectively, when considering second-by-second road grade. CONCLUSIONS : The proposed method can estimate vehicle emissions under real-world driving conditions in such applications as road design and traffic policy assessments.

Evaluation of Tractor PTO Severeness during Rotary Tillage Operation (로타리 경운작업 시 트랙터 PTO 가혹도 평가)

  • Kim, Yong-Joo;Chung, Sun-Ok;Choi, Chang-Hyun;Lee, Dae-Hyun
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
    • /
    • v.36 no.3
    • /
    • pp.163-170
    • /
    • 2011
  • Analysis of load on major parts of the tractor power drive line is critical for efficient and optimum design of a tractor. The purpose of this study was to evaluate severeness of the tractor PTO driving axle during rotary tillage operation. First, S-N (stress vs. number of cycle) curve of a PTO driving gear was obtained through the fatigue life test using a PTO dynamometer. Second, PTO severeness was evaluated during rotary tillage operation. Torque measurement system was constructed with strain-gauge sensors to measure torque of a PTO axle, an I/O interface to acquire the sensor signals, and an embedded system to calculate severeness. The severeness of PTO was analyzed using measured torque data during rotary tillage. In the PTO gear life fatigue test, breakage time and bending stress of the gear were measured by tooth widths and torque change during the fatigue life test. The S-N curve showed a good linear relationship between bending stress and number of cycle (life) with a coefficient of determination of 0.97. For PTO severenss evaluation, rotary tillage operations were conducted at two PTO rotational speeds (level-1, level-2) under different paddy and upland field sites with different soil conditions. Results of averaged relative severeness for PTO level-1 and PTO level-2 were 1.96 and 3.34, respectively, at paddy field sites, and they were 1.36 and 2.51, respectively, at upland field sites. The results showed that the PTO driving axle experienced more severe load during rotary tillage at paddy fields than at upland sites, and relative severeness was greater at the higher PTO rotational speed under all of the soil conditions.

Study on Fuel Economy Characteristics by Cumulative Distance of Vehicle (차량 누적거리에 의한 연비 특성 연구)

  • Lim, Jae-Hyuk;Kim, Ki-Ho;Lee, Min-Ho
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
    • /
    • v.21 no.4
    • /
    • pp.57-61
    • /
    • 2017
  • The vehicle label fuel economy is used as an energy management indicator nationwide. It induces technology development of automobile manufacturers and plays a role of providing information when purchasing a consumer vehicle. However, consumers who purchase a new vehicle continued to complain that the label fuel economy is different from the mandatory fuel economy rate. The domestic fuel economy measurement method is the same as the North American measurement method. The results of the two test modes (urban (FTP-75 mode), highway (HWFET mode)) are calculated in five test modes reflecting various environmental conditions and driving patterns 5-cycle correction formula is used which is equivalent to the fuel efficiency value. In this study, to solve the consumers' curiosity about the fuel economy of new vehicle, we use domestic fuel economy measurement method to measure the new car condition within 150 km of driving distance and the cumulative driving distance condition of domestic label fuel economy test vehicle. A comparative evaluation of fuel economy was carried out for a durability vehicle of $6,500{\pm}1,000km$. A result, mean value of the fuel economy of the four gasoline vehicles increased by 2.7 % in the city center mode and by 2.5 % in the highway mode in the durable vehicle compared new vehicle. And in the case of the diesel vehicle it increased by 2.5 % and 3.9 % respectively. The harmful exhaust gas emitted from the vehicle also resulted in more emissions of both gasoline and diesel vehicles in new vehicles. It is considered that the increase of the frictional force of the vehicle driving system and the lubricating oil system would have an effect on the reduction of the fuel economy of the new vehicle, and it was found that the fuel economy and the exhaust gas were improved by proper cumulative distance (domesticate) to the new vehicle.

Experimental and Theoretical Studies on the Dynamic Characteristics During Speed Down of Inverter Heat Pump

  • Hwang, Yoon-Jei;Kim, Ho-Young
    • International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
    • /
    • v.8 no.1
    • /
    • pp.29-39
    • /
    • 2000
  • A series of tests were performed to verify the transient characteristics of heat pump in heating and cooling mode when operating speed was varied over the 30 to 102Hz. One of the major issues that has not been addressed so far is transient characteristics during speed modulation. The model for cycle simulation has been developed to predict the cycle performance under conditions of decreasing drive frequency and the results of the theoretical study were compared with the results of the experimental study. The simulated results were in good agreement with the experimental result within 10%. The transient cycle migration of the liquid state refrigerant causes significant dynamic change in system. Thus, the migration of refrigerant was the most important factor whenever do experimental results analysis or develop simulation model.

  • PDF