• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.274-282
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• 1984

파조시(播條時) 종자일비료(種子一肥料)의 수직거리(垂直距離)가 보리의 출아(出芽)및 초기생육(初期生育)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)코자 올보리를 공시(供試)하여 사토(砂土)와 사양토(砂壤土)를 각각(各各) 적습구(適濕區)(1/10 기압보수력(氣壓保水力)의 80~100%) 건조구(乾燥區)(1/10 기압보수력(氣壓保水力)의 50~60%)로 대별(大別)하여 토양수분(土壤水分)을 조절(調節)한 프라스틱 폿트($54{\times}35{\times}20cm$)에 시비수준(施肥水準)을 표준비(標準肥)($N:P_2O_5:K_2O=6-9-7kg/10a$), 50% 증비(增肥) 및 배비(倍肥)로 하여 종자일비료(種子一肥料)의 수직거리(垂直距離)를 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4cm로 파종(播種)하여 시험(試驗)을 수행(遂行)함과 동시(同時)에 비료농도별(肥料濃度別) 발아력(發芽力)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 근접시비(近接施肥)에 의(依)한 출아(出芽) 및 초기생육(初期生育) 저해(沮害)를 피할 수 있는 종자일비료(種子一肥料)의 수직거리(垂値距離)는 최소한(最小限) 3cm이상(以上)이었다. 2. 근접시비(近接施肥)에 의(依)한 출아율(出芽率) 감소(減少)는 양토(壤土)보다 사토(砂土)에서 심하였고, 토양수분(土壤水分)이 적을수록, 시비량(施肥量)이 많을수록 감소폭(減少幅)이 켰다. 3. 질소농도(窒素濃度)에 따른 보리발아율(發芽率)은 용액농도(溶液濃度) 0.4%를 기점(起點)으로 급속(急速)히 감소(減少)하며 용액농도(溶液濃度) 2.3%일 때 전혀 발아(發芽)되지 않았다. 4. 가리농도(加里農度)에 따른 보리발아율(發芽率)은 용액농도(溶液濃度) 0.5%를 기점(起點)으로 급속(急速)히 감소(減少)하며 용액농도(溶液濃度) 2.4%일 때 전혀 발아(發芽)되지 않았다. 5. 비료(肥料)의 고농도(高濃度) 집적(集積)에 의(依)한 발아장애(發芽障碍)는 증류수(蒸溜水)로 용질(溶質)포텐셜을 증가시킬 경우 발아회복(發芽回復)이 현저(顯著)히 높았다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.655-659
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• 2003

Forty eight lambs (24 each of Malpura and Mutton synthetic breeds) were weaned at 90 days of age and divided into two groups. One group of 12 lambs from each of the two breeds was maintained on low energy (52% TDN) and the other group of 12 on high energy (58% TDN) feedlot ration until 6 of the lambs attained 20 kg and the other 6 attained 25 kg live weight in each of the two groups. Daily feed intake and weekly body weights were recorded. Conventional metabolism trials were conducted on the two breeds and the two rations. The growth rate was found to be higher for lambs on high energy ration (p<0.01). The growth rate was also higher for higher target weight groups (p<0.01). The breed did not significantly affect the live weight gains. Mutton synthetic lambs required less number of days to reach 20 kg live weights but took more time to reach 25 kg target weight as compared to Malpura lambs (p<0.01). The lambs of both the breeds reached 25 kg live weight earlier on high energy than those on low energy ration (p<0.01). The dry matter intake, irrespective of breed, was significantly higher (4.57% or 93.4 g per kgW$^{0.75}$) on low energy than that on high energy ration (4.20% or 87.2 g per kg W$^{0.75}$). The digestibility coefficients of all the nutrients excepting crude fibre were significantly higher on high energy diet irrespective of the breed. Lambs on low energy ration, however, digested the crude fibre more than those on the high energy ration (p<0.05). Although there were no significant differences in the intakes of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus, the balance of nitrogen was higher on high energy ration. The DCP and TDN values were 9.70 and 52.76% for low energy and 9.89 and 57.68 % for high energy ration, respectively. The dressing percentages on live weight basis were 50.2 on low and 51.6 on high energy ration, 50.5 at 20kg and 51.3 at 25 kg slaughter weight and 51.0 in Malpura and 50.8 in Mutton synthetic lambs, respectively. The percent of bones in the carcass was higher on low energy ration in Mutton synthetic lambs at 20 kg slaughter weight than others. It was concluded that the performance of the lambs in respect of mutton production was significantly better on high energy ration fed upto 25 kg slaughter weight with no or little breed differences.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.1464-1469
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• 2006

The present study was conducted with twenty-four Korean native (Hanwoo) steers to observe the effect of mixed oil and monensin supplementation and duration of feeding on c9,t11-CLA content in plasma and fat tissues. The steers were randomly assigned to three groups of eight animals each according to body weight. Hanwoo steers in the control group were fed the commercial concentrate for the late fattening stage. The other groups of steers were fed the same diet as control steers, but the concentrate was supplemented with high-$C_{18:2}$ oil mixture (soybean oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil) and fish oil at 6% level of concentrate (DM basis), and monensin (20 ppm). The second and third group of steers was fed the oil mixture supplemented diet with monensin for the last 10 weeks and 20 weeks, respectively, prior to being slaughtered. The oil mixture consisted of 45% soybean oil, 20% sunflower oil, 20% safflower oil and 15% fish oil. Average daily gain (p<0.049) and feed efficiency (p<0.018) of the steers fed the diet supplemented with oil mixture and monensin (OM-M) for 20 weeks were higher than those of the other groups of steers. Dressing percent, fat thickness and longissimus muscle area were not affected by the OM-M supplementation and duration of its feeding. The OM-M supplementation increased the content of total-cholesterol (p<0.0001-0.0007) and HDL-cholesterol (p<0.0001) in the plasma of steers compared to the control diet. The steers fed the OM-M diet had a higher proportion of c9,t11-CLA in plasma (p<0.048-0.044) than the control steers. Feeding the OM-M diet for 20 weeks increased the proportion of CLA in intramuscular (p<0.015), intermuscular (p<0.039) and subcutaneous (p<0.001) fat tissues compared with both steers fed the control diet and the OM-M diet for 10 weeks. Increased (p<0.007) proportion of total unsaturated fatty acids in steers fed the OM-M diet for 20 weeks compared to those in control steers was related to the increased (p<0.001) $C_{18:2}$ and decreased (p<0.001) $C_{18:0}$ proportions in subcutaneous tissue.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.512-515
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• 2009

Purpose: Neurofibromatosis(NF) is an autosomal - dominant systemic disease. Up to fifty percent of patients with NF are reported to have concomitant vascular abnormalities. In the resection of a larger NF, the risk of uncontrolled hemorrhage is much higher due to the difficulty of hemostasis of large vessels within the tumor. We ligated the base of the giant NF with a simple loop - shaped ligation before removal of the giant NF in both buttocks. And then we could successfully reduce the amount of hemorrhage during the operation. Methods: A 46 - year - old female patient presented for giant masses of both gluteal area, which has been growing slowly for the last ten years. Each mass was about $30{\times}20cm$ in size. After designing the elliptical resection margin, we tightened the tumor base by using continuous loop - shaped suture ligation(weaving the thread up and down in a loop - shaped pattern, leaving a space of 2 cm between each loop) with a straight needle and prolene 2 - 0. After skin incision, we proceeded the dissection toward the central and inferior side of the mass obliquely while we avoided breaking large vascular sinuses. We resected the tumor in a wedged - shape. Subcutaneous tissue was sutured layer by layer and skin was closed by vertical mattress and interrupted suture. The loop - shaped ligation of the base was removed and compressive dressing was done with gauzes and elastic bandages. Results: Postoperative complications such as infection, hemorrhage, hematoma, and dehiscense did not occur. Perioperatively the patient was sufficiently transfused with five units of blood and two units of fresh frozen plasma. During the subsequent 1 year follow - up, the functional and cosmetic result was excellent. Conclusion: A continuous loop - shaped suture ligation procedure along the base of the giant NF effectively reduced the amount of hemorrhage during the operation, made dissection and ligation of vessels easily and quickly, and shorten the operating time and postoperative recovery time.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.252-259
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• 2009

본 연구는 아연을 주로 하는 이온수와 규소 성분이 주인 복합광물질을 육성기 교잡종($LY{\times}D$) 음수 및 사료 각각에 첨가하였을 때 생산형질, 도체 형질 및 육질에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하였다. CON(0%), T1(이온수) 및 T2(이온수+복합광물질)로 처리하였으며, 출하 전 66일간 사육하였다. 생산형질면에서 일당증체량, 사료요구량, 사료효율, 위축돈 발생율에서 처리구가 대조구보다 우수한 생산 형질을 나타내었으나, 도체의 도체율, 등지방 두께, 마블링 정도, 육색, 조직감, 육즙손실, 근육 분리 면에서 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 하지만 성별간의 비교에서 암퇘지가 거세돈보다 등지방 및 보수력이 낮고 온도체 등급이 높게 나타났다. 육질 특성의 경우에도 pH, 가열감량, 보수력, 전단력가, 육색, 조직감의 경우 처리구간별 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았으며, 가열육의 관능평가 시에도 연도를 제외한 대부분의 항목에서 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았지만, 연도는 T2>T1>CON으로 나타났다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.70-78
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• 2009

질소 스트레스 조건에서 재배된 연초 (Nicotiana tabacum L.)의 생체량 및 질소영양 상태와 원격측정센서 반사율 지표의 상호관계로부터 센서의 반사율 지표를 활용한 연초의 질소 덧거름 시비량 결정 및 수량 예측을 위한 도구로서의 활용 가능성을 평가하였다. 이식 후 30일째의 rNDVI와 gNDVI, 그리고 40일째의 반사율 지표들은 건물중 및 질소흡수량과 밀접한 정의 상관(P<0.05)을 보였다. 40일째 분광방사계의 gNDVI와 Crop Circle passive 센서의 aNDVI는 각각 건물중을 85%와 84%, 질소흡수량을 85%와 92% 설명하였다. 수량 및 수확기 질소 흡수량은 정식 후 35일, 40일, 45일, 50일, 수확기에 측정된 엽록소 측정값 및 반사율 지표와 고도로 유의성 있는 정의 상관을 보였다. 정식 후 40일째 분광방사계에 의한 gNDVI 지표는 연초 수량변동의 72% 설명 가능한 관계를 나타냈다. 따라서 연초의 경우 이식 후 40일째에 측정한 gNDVI 반사율 지표는 실시간에 비파괴적으로 수량을 예측할 수 있음을 시사하였다. 그리고 40일째 gNDVI로 계산한 충족지수는 질소시비수준의 73%를 설명할 수 있었다. 따라서 반사율 지표를 이용한 충족지수는 연초의 질소영양상태를 추정하여 위치별 변량시비가 가능한 방법으로 활용 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.81-94
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to identify levels of activity of daily living, self-efficacy. stroke specific quality of life and need for self-help management program for patients with hemiplegia in the home. Data were collected from June to November, 2000 and subjects were 88 poststroke patients who lived in Seoul and Kyunggi-do. The questionnaire consisted of 5 scales: activities of daily living, self-efficacy, stroke specific qulaity of life and need for a self-help management program. Data were analyzed using frequencies, percent, paired t-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient with the SAS(version 6.12) program. The results are as follows ; 1) Most of subjects were Partially independent in ADL, but they needed assist once to do dressing, bathing meal preparation and house keeping work. 2) The mean self-efficacy score was 54.89(range : 1 to 80) and the individual differences were large. 3) Subjects responded that they were satisfied on the stroke specific quality of life scale totaled 65.8%. This value is comparatively low, especially for social role(51.4%), family functioning(58.3%) and mood (62.2%). 4) The highest needs for self-help management programs were for physical therapy, stress management, and range of motion exercise and the lowest needs were for elimination management and training, family counseling, and speech therapy. 5) On the demographic variables, sex showed significant differences for the dependent variables. Females had higher scores than males for IADL, self-efficacy, stroke-specific quality of life, and need for self-help management. 6) Age had high negative correlation with ADL, self-efficacy and stroke specific quality of life. Age was also correlated with need for self-help management. In conclusion, there was a high correlation for ADL, Self-efficacy and Quality of life in poststroke patients of home. The patient with a stroke also had a strong need for self-help management programs especially physical therapy and stress management. Therefore rehabilitation programs based on self-efficacy enhancement need to be developed in order to promote independent living for patients with hemiplegia.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.57-72
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• 2005

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of nutrient density diets and sex on carcass and pork quality characteristics in finishing pigs. A total of 96 pigs(58.04 $\pm$ 6.85 kg) were divided into 2 groups(gilts and barrows), each sex group was assigned to 3 nutrient density(high : 18.5%, middle : 16.0% and low: 14.0% CP, respectively) and raised up to 1l0kg live weight. Each treatment had four replicates with three or five pigs per replicate. The treatments comprised the feeding regimes of 1) the low density diet for 60 days, 2) the middle nutrient density diet for the 30 days followed by a low nutrient density diet for the remaining 30 days and 3) the high nutrient density diet for the 30 days followed by a middle nutrient density diet for the remaining 30 days. Pigs were conventionally slaughtered, and then chilled overnight. Carcass characteristics and grades were determined on those carcasses, and pork loin muscle was removed from each left side at 5th to 13th rib for quality evaluation were evaluated. There were no differences in the carcass weight between sex and nutrient density. Dressing percent of L-L(gilts) treatment was significantly higher than that of other treatments(P< 0.05). Barrows showed a thicker back fat thickness than gilts. There were no difference in intramuscular fat, subcutaneous fat and springiness between sex and nutrient density. Intermuscular fat of barrows groups was significantly higher than the gilts groups(P < 0.05). In the meat quality characteristics, there were no difference in general composition, meat and fat color between sex and nutrient density. pH of L-L(gilts) treatment was significantly higher than that of other treatments(P < 0.05). Cooking loss and shear force value of H-M(barrows) treatment were significantly higher than those of other treatments(P< 0.05). Purge loss of barrows groups was significantly higher than the gilts groups(P < 0.05). Myoglobin content of H-M treatment was significantly lower than L-L and M-L treatments(P< 0.05). Texture of H-M treatment was higher than L-L and M-L treatments. The content of myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic and oleic acid were significantly higher in the barrows groups(P< 0.05). However, stearic, linoleic and arachidonic acid were significantly higher in the gilts(P < 0.05). Amino acid content of L-L treatment was significantly higher than M-L and H-M treatments(P < 0.05). In conclusion, carcass and pork quality characteristics were affected by sex and nutrient density.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권3호
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• pp.545-562
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• 2021

A 3 yr experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of diet and feeding location on animal performance, carcass characteristics, whole blood counts, and internal parasite burden of lambs assigned to 1 of 4 treatments: 1) confinement fed 71% alfalfa, 18% barley pellet, 5% molasses, 0.013% Bovatec, 6.1% vitamin/mineral package diet (CALF), 2) confinement fed 60% barley, 26% alfalfa pellet, 4% molasses, 2.5% soybean-hi pro, 0.016% Bovatec, 7.4% vitamin/mineral package diet (CBAR), 3) field fed 71% alfalfa, 18% barley pellet, 5% molasses, 0.013% Bovatec, 6.1% vitamin/mineral package diet (FALF), and 4) field fed 60% barley, 26% alfalfa pellet, 4% molasses, 2.5% soybean-hi pro, 0.016% Bovatec, 7.4% vitamin/mineral package diet (FBAR). A year × location interaction was detected for ending body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), and dry matter intake (DMI); therefore results are presented by year. In all years, cost of gain and DMI were greater for CALF and FALF than for CBAR and FBAR feed treatments (p ≤ 0.03). In yr 2 and 3 field treatments had greater ending BW and ADG than confinement treatments. For all years, diet did not affect ending BW or ADG. In yr 1 dressing percent and rib eye area were greater for field finished lambs than confinement finished (p ≤ 0.02) and Warner-Bratzler shear force was greater for CALF and FALF (p = 0.03). In yr 2 lambs in FALF and FBAR treatments had greater leg scores and conformation than CALF and CBAR (p = 0.09). In yr 1, FALF had a greater small intestine total worm count than all other treatments. In yr 1, ending Trichostrongyle type egg counts were greater for FALF (p = 0.05). In yr 2, ending Nematodirus spp. egg counts were greater for FALF and lowest for CBAR (p < 0.01). Abomasum Teladorsagia circumcinta worm burden was greater in CALF than all other treatments (p = 0.07) in yr 2. While field finishing lambs with a grain- or forage-based diet we conclude that it is possible to produce a quality lamb product without adverse effects to animal performance, carcass quality or increasing parasite burdens.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.44.1-44.17
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• 2023

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a significant public health concern around the globe. Antimicrobial peptides exhibit broad-spectrum and efficient antibacterial activity with an added advantage of low drug resistance. The higher water content and 3D network structure of the hydrogels are beneficial for maintaining antimicrobial peptide activity and help to prevent degradation. The antimicrobial peptide released from hydrogels also hasten the local wound healing by promoting epithelial tissue regeneration and granulation tissue formation. Objective: This study aimed at developing sodium alginate based hydrogel loaded with a novel antimicrobial peptide Chol-37(F34-R) and to investigate the characteristics in vitro and in vivo as an alternative antibacterial wound dressing to treat infectious wounds. Methods: Hydrogels were developed and optimized by varying the concentrations of crosslinkers and subjected to various characterization tests like cross-sectional morphology, swelling index, percent water contents, water retention ratio, drug release and antibacterial activity in vitro, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected wound mice model in vivo. Results: The results indicated that the hydrogel C proved superior in terms of cross-sectional morphology having uniformly sized interconnected pores, a good swelling index, with the capacity to retain a higher quantity of water. Furthermore, the optimized hydrogel has been found to exert a significant antimicrobial activity against bacteria and was also found to prevent bacterial infiltration into the wound site due to forming an impermeable barrier between the wound bed and external environment. The optimized hydrogel was found to significantly hasten skin regeneration in animal models when compared to other treatments in addition to strong inhibitory effect on the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α). Conclusions: Our results suggest that sodium alginate -based hydrogels loaded with Chol-37(F34-R) hold the potential to be used as an alternative to conventional antibiotics in treating infectious skin wounds.