• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.117-133
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the elementary students' views about lab-based science learning. For the purpose of this study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with thirty sixth grade students in 12 classes from two elementary schools located in Daegu City. The interview contents consisted of three major categories. The first category was related to attitude toward science lab, the second was related to lab-based science learning which had four sub-categories; recognizing lesson object, planning experiment, performing experiment, drawing conclusion in lab-based science learning in which the students had ordinary have views and expectations, and the last category was related to students' difficulties and something need to be improved in lab-based science learning. In-depth interviews were performed individually and the interviews were recorded. From the interviews, we found that students, in first category, do like lab-activities more than lectures or instruction-based activities in textbook. Students, in second category, wanted generally more discussion for their own activities rather than teacher's instruction and they wanted teacher' mediation conflicts within small groups and comments for students' experiment results. In the last, most of students had fears for some dangerous reagents and accidents. Based on the results, the study suggested that teacher need to give their students to autonomous discussion opportunities to design and interpret data through teacher' guided questions in inquiry steps, to produce some intimate atmosphere for active interaction in small groups, and to teach the safety education on some dangerous reagents.

• 생물환경조절학회지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.166-173
• /
• 2005

길이 40m,폭 5.5m의 단일피복 구조의 8연동 무가온하우스 상단부에 설계적설심 19.1 cm의 눈이 쌓인다는 조건과 시설 측면으로 설계풍속 $36.6\;m{\cdot}s^{-1}$의 바람이 분다는 조건 그리고 참고자료로 활용하기 위해 적용한 최대적설심 37.8cm의 눈이 쌓인다는 조건과 순간최대풍속 $60.0\;m{\cdot}s^{-1}$의 강풍이 분다는 조건에서 유동 및 구조강도 해석을 수행하였다. 적설하중 조건에서는 설계적설심 19.1 cm와 최대적설심 37.8cm에서 파이프에 걸리는 최대응력이 각각 $53.8\;N{\cdot}mm^{-2}$과 $107\;N{\cdot}mm^{-2}$으로 재료의 허용응력 보다 작은 것으로 나타나 안전한 것으로 분석되었으나, 설계풍속 $36.6\;m{\cdot}s^{-1}$와 순간최대풍속 $60.0\;m{\cdot}s^{-1}$의 풍하중 조건에서는 파이프에 걸리는 최대응력이 각각 $250\;N{\cdot}mm^{-2}$과 $672\;N{\cdot}mm^{-2}$으로 재료의 허용응력을 모두 초과하여 플라스틱하우스가 불안전한 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.601-613
• /
• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 미디어 환경과 미디어 사용에 대한 아동의 심성모형을 분석하여 제시하고 이를 토대로 교육적 시사점을 제공하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 10명의 초등 4-5학년 연령대 아동과의 인터뷰, 그림 그리기, 연상 단어 제시하기, 문장 완성하기의 네 가지 활동을 통하여 데이터를 수집하였고 연구자 2인에 의해 질적으로 분석되었다. 먼저 문장 완성활동과 연상 단어 활동을 통해 도출된 의미 구성요소는 미디어 기기, 소통성(소외감), 유능함(공급원), 오락성, 역기능, 양면성의 총 6개 요소였다. 두 번째로, 참여자들의 그림에서 추출된 미디어 심성모형의 구성요소는 기능성/유능함, 오락성, 책(종이)과의 갈등/공유, 해악/양면성 등의 4개 요소였다. 세 번째로, 인터뷰를 통해 나타난 심성모형의 의미요소는 갈등(종이책과 전자 미디어), 소통 중심성, 두려움(중독), 그리고 사용자의 자격 등으로 범주화되었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 본 연구는 사이버 소통에 대한 관찰과 인식 강화, 중독예방 교육의 필요성, 학습 미디어와 책 미디어의 적극적 개발과 균형있는 활용, 건강한 미디어 리터러시 교육과 비판적 사고의 강화 등을 교육적 함축으로 제시하였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제13권4호통권56호
• /
• pp.126-136
• /
• 2009

분사식 FRP 보강 공법은 섬유(Fiber)와 수지(Resin)를 외부에서 혼합하여 요철이 많은 콘크리트 표면에 고속의 압축 공기로 랜덤하게 분사하여 기존 콘크리트 구조물을 보강하는 공법이다. 새로운 분사식 FRP 공법을 이용하여 구조물의 보강 성능을 평가하였다. 콘크리트 보 실험체에 대한 휨강도 실험을 수행하여 분사식 FRP의 최적물성치를 찾고 이 결과를 이용하여 PSC I형 거더 표준단면을 1/5로 축소한 구조물에 적용하여 실험을 하였다. 손상된 프리스트레스트 콘크리트에 적용한 결과 무보강보에 비하여 휨강도가 49.8% 증가하였고 사용상태의 거동이 개선되었으며, 보강에 의해 처짐 및 균열 제어에 효과적이었다. 결론적으로 분사식 FRP 공법의 보강 적용은 구조물의 성능 향상에 효과적이라고 할 수 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.161-184
• /
• 1986

An experiment was made in order to analyze the growth characteristics and productivity of Zoysia japonica under control, mowing and TIBA treatment conditions at the experimental farm of Kyung Hee univ. from May 26 to Oct. 1 in 1985. The field was planned by the randomized block design method and each treatment was given to three plots (2${\times}$2, 4${\times}$4 and 10${\times}$10 cm) and was replicated three times. Each plot was 1$m^2$ for Zoysia japonica. The sampling of each plot was taken once a week after sowing. In order to know the dry matter of total standing crops, kept 9$0^{\circ}C$ and weighted each organ of the plants. Total leaf area of a plant was measured by drawing method. The author adopted the growth analysis of English School. The increasing rates of numbers of leaf and stem were remarkably high in each plot between 10th and 12th weak after sowing and it was highest in TIBA treated plot. The increasin rate of leaf area in each plot was remarkably high beween 10th and 12th week and the maximum value of leaf area was 274.00c$m^2$ in TIBA treated plot of 100 plants/$m^2$. The increasing rate of standing crop was remarkably high between 10th and 12th week and the high increasing tendency in TIBA plot resulted from TIBA. The positive correlationship was founded between standing crop and leaf area. The evaporation rather than temperature acted as a main factor of negative correlation with standing crop during the experiment period. Solar radiation had a high positive correlation in the lower density of plot. C/F ratio was low, during the growth period, from 10th to 12th week after sowing and was low in the higher density under each treated plot. T/R ratio was not constant during the sampling period but was high in the lower density. The increasing rates of RGR and NAR were high between 11th and 12th week after sowing. Leaf area ratio was high in higher density in each plot and not constant in all treated plot.

• 영어어문교육
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.263-291
• /
• 2003

This paper is to help the students in elementary schools develop and improve their English listening and speaking skills by presenting effective teaching and learning techniques using puppetry. It is absolutely obvious that listening and speaking are very important skills for most EFL students. Using puppets in the classroom is a creative English teaching technique which can involve authentic, communicative language situations. Moreover, puppets appeal to children and can aid in lowering affective filters thereby creating a more comfortable learning environment. The study clearly showed that using puppets is feasible and enjoyable in elementary English classes. However, caution must be exercised in drawing and generalizing conclusions from this experience. The results of the experiment are as follows: First, using puppetry in the English class was found to have positive influence on students' affective domains (interst, attitude). Second, using puppets in the English classes was found to be efficient for improving students' English listening and speaking skills. Third, appropriate materials should be selected and well thought-out plans should be made to be successful English class using puppetry. Perhaps the most interesting line of future research is to use qualitative research to examine the effect of this technique on the teacher variable. Further research is recommended, especially on using puppetry for speaking proficiency and creating affectively comfortable learning atmospheres.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제23권9호
• /
• pp.1210-1218
• /
• 2020

This study selected brand logos of six South Korean and Chinese banks including KB, IBK, SH, ICBC, ABC, and SISB, conducted Eye Tracking experiment among 36 South Korean and Chinese university students(Nine male and female students, respectively), and analyzed the difference of visual attention of consumers on bank brand logo, symbol, Korean/Chinese character logo types as well as the difference of visual attention of these consumers on English logo types. Results were represented by using statistics and visualization including GAZEPLOT, HEATMAP, and visual expression. Results showed that most generally gazed logo types more often and longer than symbols when they watched bank brand logos. A slight difference was observed between both groups in terms of gazing English logo types. This study has a implication that it proposed the possibility of drawing quantitative and reliable outcomes by utilizing eye tracking device and approaching in an objective standpoint beyond a methodological aspect on bank brand logo primarily leaning over the analysis of case research or design development. Moreover, findings are expected to serve as basic data for proposing the direction of special bank brand logo design and marketing strategies.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.82-88
• /
• 2006

The study investigated how an adaptive cruise control system induced behavioral adaptation in drivers using a full-scale driving simulator. Forty drivers with different driving styles participated in the study to compare headway-time, vehicle lateral position variation, and head and eye movement when driving with and without the adaptive cruise control system. Results showed that system induced positive behavioral adaptation by drawing consistency in driving speed and headway-time regardless of the driving styles. However, the results also showed that the drivers' reliance on the system induced negative adaptation including reduced lane keeping ability and reduced attention during driving. As a strategy to prevent negative adaptation, the study proposed information service to drivers with the adaptive cruise control system status and driving environment, and investigated effectiveness of the service. Twelve drivers participated in the experiment to compare headway-time, vehicle lateral position variation and subjective ratings when driving with and without the information service. Results showed that the information service assisted the drivers to maintain safer and more comfortable headway-time without impairing drivers' steering ability.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.55-65
• /
• 1998

This study was intended to suggest the desirable direction in the 7th national curriculum revision through the analysis of the elementary science textbooks in the 6th national curriculum. The analysis system was composed of three categories, (1)knowledge (2)inquiry process and (3)attitude. And knowledge was divided into fact, concept and rule. And inquiry process was divided into thirteen subcategories such as manipulating experimental apparatus, observing, measuring, recording data, classifying, interpreting/ predicting, determining relationship/ causal explanation, extrapolating/ interpolating, drawing conclusions/ formulating a generalization or model, evaluating, formulating a problem, generating a hypothesis and designing an experiment/ controlling variables. Each sentence in the textbooks was considered as an analyzing unit. The frequency and percentage of each category were counted and the ratios were calculated. The findings could be summarized as follows: 1. The content of the elementary science textbooks was composed of knowledge 10.3%, inquiry process 88.8%, attitude 0.8% respectively. 2. As increasing the grades, the ratio of knowledge showed high frequency, but that of attitude showed low frequency. 3. In All the grades, the ratio of observing was the highest in inquiry process. 4. In the domain of physics and chemistry, the manipulating experimental apparatus showed high frequency. In the domain of biology and earth science, the role of observing was emphasized.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
• /
• 제13권8호
• /
• pp.626-636
• /
• 2003

The beat distribution property of the King Seong-deok Divine Bell is investigated by experiment and analysis. The beat map method is proposed to explain the beat distribution property on the circumference of the bell. For the analytical investigation, an analytical model of the vibration beat is derived on a slightly asymmetric shell of revolution by using the modal expansion method. In the analytical method, the beat map can be drawn only if the modal parameters of the bell are obtained. The analytical beat model is applied to draw the beat map of the King Seong-deok Divine Bell. The validity of the analytical method is verified by comparing the analytical beat maps with the experimental results. This paper proposes a visualization method of the beat and theoretically identifies the reason why the clear and unclear beats repeat periodically along the circumference of the bell and how the striking position influences the beat distribution property.