• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 1994년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.165-172
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• 1994

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2004년도 제5회 압연심포지엄 신 시장 개척을 위한 압연기술
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• pp.83-90
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• 2004

The drawbead is one of the most important factors in sheet metal forming for automotive parts. So clarifying the friction characteristics between sheets and drawbead is essential to improve the formability of sheet metal. Therefore in this study, drawbead friction test was performed at various panels(cold rolled steel sheets, galvanized steel sheets, electrogalvanized coating steel sheets, electrogalvanized Zn-Fe alloy steel sheets and aluminum alloy steel sheets). Circular shape bead has been used for the test. The results show that friction and drawing characteristics were mainly influenced by the nature of zinc coating.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2023

The study aims to analyze the geometric characteristics of the pointed arches proposed by Al-Kāshī in his book "Miftāḥ al-Ḥisāb" (Key of Arithmetic) and investigate their planning principles, architectural application, and typological characteristics. Al-Kāshī completed this significant work in 1427 and dedicated it to Ulugh Beg, a Timurid Sultan in Samarkand. In the ninth chapter, titled "Al-'Imārāt wa al-Abnīya" (Amīr's Mansion and Building), Al-Kāshī sought to measure the surface areas and volumes of barrel vaults (Azaj) and domes (Qubba). To achieve this, he proposed five kinds of pointed arches (Ṭāq) and analyzed their drawing methods and composition principles. The Īwān and Qubba structures, which are curved architectural elements, hold significant importance in Islamic architecture. However, previous research has predominantly focused on comparing the drawings in Al-Kāshī's book with historical buildings, neglecting the inherent characteristics of the drawings themselves. This study intends to contribute to a deeper understanding of Al-Kāshī's remarkable work and shed light on the geometric aspects of monumental structures in the Timurid Period.

• 동양고전연구
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• 제36호
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• pp.105-134
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• 2009

미술계에서는 오래 전부터 고전 중의 "논어'를 필독서로 여겨왔다. 여기에 나오는 '회사후소(繪事後素)'라는 말은 그림을 그리는 화가는 물론이고 그림을 논하는 사람들까지 모르는 이가 없다. 그러나 그 의미를 "그림 그리는 일은 바탕을 갖춘 뒤에 하는 것이다" 또는 "그림 그리는 일은 나중에 흰색으로 완성한다"라고 해석하여 의견이 분분하다. 그림을 그리는 방법은 시간이 흘러도 잘 변하지 않는다. 학자들은 대개 전문적인 회화를 상투적으로 알고 있으며, 회화적인 기법에서의 흰색의 특수성을 잘 이해하지 못한다. 어떤 경우라도 그림을 그리기 전에 바탕처리를 하는 것이 기본이지만, 그림을 완성할 때 흰색으로 마무리하는 것은 일반적이지 않다. 고대의 채색화라도 오늘날의 비단 그림과 다르지 않다. 삶의 바탕이 되는 소양과 예술적 감각을 키워준 '회사후소'는 화가들의 뇌리에 새겨진 매우 유효한 미학사상이 되었다. '회사후소'에 대한 해석은 예논(禮論)의 시대적인 변화와 관련되지만, 본고에서는 순수하게 미술학적 입장에서 고찰하였다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2007

The welding methods have been applied in the most structural products from multi-field of automobile, ship construction and construction, and so on. The structure steel must have enough strength of structure. In this study, SS400 steel and STS304 steel were used to estimate the corrosion characteristics of the weld thermal cycle simulated HAZ. To evaluate the corrosion characteristics, also, the materials with two conditions were used in 3.5% NaCl. The one is to the drawing with diameter of ${\Phi}10$ and the other is to the residual stress removal treatment. The electrochemical polarization test and immersion test were carried out. From test results, corrosion potential, corrosion current density, weight loss ratio and corrosion rate were measured. In the kinds of SS400 steels, corrosion potential of weld thermal cycle simulated specimens after the heat treatment showed somewhat the direction of noble potential. And in the base metal to be drawing weight loss ratio and corrosion rate occurred higher than the other kinds. In the kinds of STS304 steels, the result of base metal to be drawing was similar to results of SS400 steels, too. Two kinds of $750^{\circ}C$ and $1300^{\circ}C$ of weld thermal cycle simulation after the heat treatment were rather higher than the other kinds in weight loss ratio and corrosion rate.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2016

사실성을 미적 특성으로 하는 컴퓨터 그래픽스의 활용은 디지털 애니메이션에 있어서도 이미지와 움직임 묘사의 사실성을 강화하였다. 그러나 디지털 애니메이션의 사실성은 실제를 있는 그대로 모사하지 않고 변형을 통한 물리적 제한의 극복과 상상의 실현이라는 애니메이션의 전통적 미적 의의를 계승하고 있다. 즉, 이처럼 강화되는 사실성 사이에 간헐적으로 삽입되는 카툰적 과장은 현실과 상상의 교차라는 대조와 충돌을 이루어 변증법적 합(合)으로 유희를 창출하게 된다. 즉, 디지털 애니메이션에서 사실적인 표현들과 충돌하는 비합리적 카툰적 변형들의 충돌과 대치로 서로를 보강한다. 사실적인 표현으로 관객이 실제를 마주하듯 몰입하게 하다가도 어느 순간 물리적 제약을 극복하는 행위들은 상상의 실현 내지 정신적 해방감을 준다. 결국 사실적 표현은 현실로써 전제가 되며 카툰적 변형은 그러한 제약을 극복하는 것이 되어 관객에게 유희로 작용한다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.783-794
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• 2001

This research focuses its study on the expressions of the visual images of the fashion illustration as a part of visual art and utilizes it to formulate the theoretical basis. Main findings of our research are as follows: The structure of communications in the fashion illustration is based on the four elements. They are the expression of the texture, drawings, composition, and the human body and dress. The characteristics in expression of texture level in fashion illustration can be the expression of creative texture in pattern or crease, and also can be expressed as various collage and photomontage by computer graphics. Secondly, the analysis on the characteristics of the drawings show that the drawing skills are imagination and sequential drawings. Thirdly, the characteristics of composition method are mainly shown as the application of plane composition which was previously used in avant-garde arts. Fourthly, most of the human body in the fashion illustrations are shown as the results of simplification, exaggeration and deformation in human body and also expressed or analyzed by the method of the body modification. Based on the above findings of this research we conclude that the way of expression in the fashion illustration is very similar in its composition as in visual art. However, they also show differences between the two in expression method or the method for the image development in specific expressions.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2010

This study will establish the transformal characteristics of architectural visual information by investigating: how contemporary architects perceive and process multifaceted architectural information via the expression media since 1970s. The purposes and results of this study are summarized as follows: This study established the contemporary transformal characteristics by comparing the expression methods of traditional architects with the transformal characteristics of visual information derived from the contemporary architectural expression media. In a pluralistic information society, the expression methods of the past, which recognize space as a stationary, unidimensional visual point on a drawing surface, is now changing to the mixed, multidimensional expression methods that connect various visual points on a limited drawing surface. Furthermore, the rapid advancement of digital media is changing, from a method which simply arranges visual information, to a flexible visual tool which can process architecture sequentially and simultaneously. As the communication structure of architecture is moving toward an individual-centered two-way communication type, the information delivery method is used to visualize conceptual, inferential information, rather than visualizing realistic information which simply records facts. In the past, multidimensional, non-linear forms could not be processed by the conventional design processes and sketch work, but now they can be expressed via digital media.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2006

The subject of this study is to find out the characteristics of spacial expression in 'Le Carceri' of Giovannibattista Piranesi. Piranesi was the classicist from using classical motif. But for using itself he was not absolute canon of classical but playing tool. Because his etchings of perspective were presented the modernity not fixed the frame. The etchings of Le Carceri were characterized the dark, deep, heavy and devastating. In conclusion, the characteristics of spacial composition in his etchings were presented the simultaneity of time both classic and contemporary time. And it could represented the nonexistent of structurality for visual rationality. Architectural & de-architectural elements of his drawing were become in fragments. So the fragmented elements, his etchings have shawn the off-center to cast off the classical concept. And also the body of human was become the thing of object in his drawing. That is, it was inverted the subject and the object and the function of prison depicted in canvas is disappeared. This is the point of evocation in Piranesi' idea.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.232-240
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• 2006

Magnesium alloys are expected to be widely used fur the parts of structural and electronic appliances due to their lightweight and EMI shielding characteristics. While the die casting has been mainly used to manufacture the parts from the magnesium alloys, the press forming is considered as an alternative to the die casting for saving the manufacturing cost and improving the structural strength of the magnesium alloy parts. However, the magnesium alloy has low formability at room temperature and therefore, in many cases, forming at elevated temperatures is necessary to obtain the required material flow without failure. In the present study, square cup deep drawing tests using the magnesium alloy AZ31 sheet were experimentally conducted at various elevated temperatures as well as room temperature, and the corresponding finite-element simulations, which calculated the damage evolution based on the Oyane's criterion, were conducted using the stress-strain relations from the tensile tests at various temperatures. The formability predictability by the finite-element analysis was investigated by comparing the predicted damage distributions over the deformed AZ31 sheet at elevated temperatures with the corresponding experimental deformations with failures.