• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.173-178
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• 2020

Objectives: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent and chronic, pruritic inflammatory skin condition that can influence all age groups. AD is associated with a poor health-related quality of life. This randomized clinical trial was performed to compare the effectiveness of Olivederma (combination of aloe vera and virgin olive oil) or betamethasone regarding disease severity, quality of life, serum IgE and eosinophil count. Methods: Thirty-six AD patients were randomly allocated to topical Olivederma or betamethasone, and were followed for 6 weeks. Results: Total SCORAD severity scores showed significant decrease in both groups, while it was more prominent in Olivederma group (64.5% improvement in Olivederma vs. 13.5% improvement in Betamethasone, p-value < 0.001). Quality of life (DLQI questionnaire) of AD patients was significantly improved after 6 weeks treatment with Betamethasone (22.3%, p < 0.001) and Olivederma (60.7%, p-value < 0.001). Olivederma group showed a significantly lower DLQI score in comparison with Betamethasone treated patients after 6 weeks of therapy (p < 0.001). Improvements in eosinophil count and serum IgE was observed. Conclusion: In summary, this study shows that Olivederma is superior to topical Betamethasone after 6 weeks of therapy with regard to disease severity, quality of life and eosinophil count.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.36-48
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• 2008

This study examines the influence of control algorithms on dimming performance to determine appropriate control setting when direct/indirect lighting is controlled by a daylight dimming system. Computer simulation were performed for a small office with double skin envelope under various daylight conditions. A retractable fabric shading and Venetian blind were applied for internal and external envelopes under three CIE standard sky conditions. Unshielded and partially-shielded photosensors were used, and three control algorithms were applied for the sensors. In general, dimming level was too excessive due to the direct impact of light from lighting fixture to the photosensor. Providing insufficient lighting output, the unshielded photosensor completely failed to secure required illuminance under any daylight condition. When a partially-shielded photosensor was applied under clear sky, three setting points functioned effectively. Less sensitivity for the partially-shielded photosensor was effective to control the dimming system optimally with reasonable energy saving. However, the daylight dimming control system for direct/indirect lighting does not appear to be energy effective when photosensors without enough shielded area is installed on ceiling where light from fixtures reaches directly.

• Medical Lasers
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.146-152
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• 2021

Background and Objectives Although lasers have been widely applied in tissue treatment, the light penetration depth in tissues is limited by the tissue turbidity and affected by its absorption and scattering characteristics. This study investigated the effect of using an optical clearing agent (OCA) on tissue to improve the therapeutic effect of 1064 nm wavelength laser light by reducing the heat generated on the skin surface and increasing the penetration depth. Materials and Methods A diode laser (λ = 1064 nm) was applied to a porcine specimen with and without OCA to investigate the penetration depth of the laser light and temperature distribution. A numerical simulation using the finite element method was performed to investigate the temperature distribution of the specimen compared to ex-vivo experiments using a thermocouple and double-integrating sphere to measure the temperature profile and optical properties of the tissue, respectively. Results Simulation results showed a decrease in tissue surface temperature with increased penetration depth when the OCA was applied. Furthermore, both absorption and scattering coefficients decreased with the application of OCA. In ex-vivo experiments, temperatures decreased for the tissue surface and the fat layer with the OCA, but not for the muscle layer. Conclusion The use of an OCA may be helpful for reducing surface heat generation and enhance the light penetration depth in various near-infrared laser treatments.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.67-81
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• 2022

While the aerodynamics of solid bluff bodies is reasonably well-understood and methodologies for their reliable numerical simulation are available, the aerodynamics of porous bluff bodies formed by assembling perforated plates has received less attention. The topic is nevertheless of great technical interest, due to their ubiquitous presence in applications (fences, windbreaks and double skin facades to name a few). This work follows previous investigations by the authors, aimed at verifying the consistency of numerical simulations based on the explicit modelling of the perforated plates geometry and their representation by means of pressure-jumps. In this work we further expand such investigations and, contextually, we provide insight into the flow arrangement and its sensitivity to important modelling and setup configurations. To this purpose, Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) and Large-Eddy Simulations (LES) are performed for a 5:1 rectangular cylinder at null angle of attack. Then, using URANS, porosity and attack angle are simultaneously varied. To the authors' knowledge this is the first time in which LES are used to model a porous bluff body and compare results obtained using the explicit modelling approach to those obtained relying on pressure-jumps. Despite the flow organization often shows noticeable differences, good agreement is found between the two modelling strategies in terms of drag force.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.724-728
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• 2022

Various flaps are used to reconstruct skin and soft tissue defects of the vulva following resection of malignancies. Whenever possible, reconstruction using local flaps is the standard treatment. Here, we describe vulvar defect reconstruction using keystone flaps. Standard keystone flaps are based on randomly located vascular perforators. However, we designed a keystone flap that includes perforators of three named arteries (the anterior labial artery of the external pudendal artery, cutaneous branches of the obturator artery, and posterior labial artery of the internal pudendal artery) and the pudendal nerve, which accompanies the internal pudendal artery. Four patients with squamous cell carcinoma and extramammary Paget's disease of the vulva underwent radical vulvectomy and keystone flaps including perforators of three arteries. Depending on the morphology of the defects, keystone flaps were used with different designs. For elliptical and unilateral vulvar defects, a standard keystone flap was designed, and for defects on both sides of the vulva, a double opposing keystone flap was used. For oval defects, the omega variant keystone flap was designed, and when the morphology of the defect needed rotation of the flap, a rotational keystone flap was designed. All the patients showed good function and sensation, with an acceptable cosmetic appearance.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.739-744
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• 2023

With the popularization of 5G networks and the development of AI (artificial intelligence) technology, Metaverse, which creates production capacity by combining virtual space and reality, is attracting attention. In this study, we searched for makeup applications with more than 100 million downloads from October 11, 2020 to November 3, 2020 through the Google Play Store. As a result of the search, four applications were found: YouCam Makeup, YouCam Perfect, Beauty Plus, and Sweet Snap. Based on the functions provided by the four applications, we attempted to suggest makeup functions applicable to Zepeto's avatar. Functions for the eyes (eyeliner, eyelashes, mascara, eye shadow, eye shape, eyebrow shape, lenses, double eyelids), functions for the nose (nose shape), functions for the mouth (lipstick, lip shape, smile function) ) Functions corresponding to the facial contour (contour, skin foundation, blusher, shading, highlighter, face painting, theme makeup) and functions corresponding to the body (body adjustment) were proposed. This study is the first in the beauty field to propose a method of applying the functions of the Metaverse platform as the importance of digital platforms is highlighted, and is the first to propose a makeup function applied to the Metaverse so that it can be used as important basic data in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.112-117
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• 2008

Purpose: Double-bundle reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) has the advantage of restoring the isometry and original function of ACL. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical results following double-bundle reconstruction of ACL using autogenous hamstring grafts through an accessory anteromedial portal. Materials and Methods: From January 2005 to July 2006, sixty patients(52 males, 8 females) underwent double-bundle ACL reconstruction using autogenous hamstring tendons..The mean age was 31.7 years($20{\sim}51$ years). The mean follow up period was 13.4 months($12{\sim}16$ months). We made a horizontal-oblique skin incision just medial to tibial tuberosity and harvested semitendinosus and gracilis tendon. Tibial tunnel for posterolateral bundle was made near its anatomical position. By modifying an anatomic reconstruction of ACL by Yasuda et al., we made a femoral tunnel for posterolateral bundle through accessory anteromedial portal. Tunnels for anteromedial bundle were made with conventional method. We reconstructed anteromedial bundle with semitendinosus tendon and posterolateral bundle with gracilis tendon. Clinical results at last follow up were evaluated by range of motion, extent of anterior displacement(KT-1000 arthrometer), pivot-shift test. Functional evaluation of clinical outcomes were evaluated by Lysholm score and modified Feagin Scoring System. Results: There was no limitation of motion of knee joint at last follow up. Mean side to side difference of anterior displacement of tibia by KT-1000 arthrometer was improved from 8.4 mm preoperatively to 1.7 mm postoperatively(p<0.05). Average Lysholm score was improved from 64.1 preoperatively to 92.2 postoperatively(p<0.05). In modified Feagin Scoring System, 90% of cases were rated as good or excellent. Conclusion: Double-bundle reconstruction of ACL using autogenous hamstring grafts through accessory anteromedial portal results in good clinical outcomes.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.255-260
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate the enhancement of UV-protection activities and skin-whitening effects from Angelica gigas Nakai extracts on ultra high pressure extraction process. Extraction at $60^{\circ}C$ treated by ultra high pressure for 15 minute and associated with ultrasofication (HPE15) was showed more than double yield, compare conventional extraction, as 12.24% (w/w) from A. gigas. Extracts of HPE15 reduced expression of MMP-1 on UV-irradiated CCD-986sk cells as 122.2% and revealed high inhibitory potency on tyrosinase as 69.4% by adding samples. Extracts of HPE15 from A. gigas showed strong inhibition effect on melanin production test by Clone M-3 cells as 82.4% by adding extracts. From the preliminary observations, we considered that the extracts from A. gigas could be potent natural materials for skin-whitening agent, and could be used as a potential anti-aging agent for the photo-damaged skin.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical result of intra-articular fractures of the distal humerus (AO type C) in elderly osteoporotic patients treated with double tension band osteosynthesis. Materials and Methods: From January 2006 to December 2010, 10 elderly osteoporotic patients(1 male, 9 females) with intra-articular fractures of the distal humerus (AO type C) were treated with double tension band osteosynthesis. The mean age of patients at the time of surgery was 74.6(66~84) years and the mean follow-up period was 39.2(20~74) months. The fracture union and complications were assessed and the functional result was evaluated by the rating system of Jupiter et al. and the Mayo elbow performance index. Results: Bone union was achieved in all patients with no secondary displacement. The mean time for union was 16.6(13~22) weeks. The average postoperative arc of elbow flexion was 119(100~140) degrees with a mean flexion contracture of 8.5(0~15) degrees. The recovery in two patients was rated as excellent, in 7 as good, and in 1 as fair in terms of the Mayo elbow performance index with average value of 82(70~90) points. Seven patients were rated as excellent, 1 as good, and 2 as fair in terms of the rating system of Jupiter et al. Changing tension band wiring was performed in one patient as skin irritation was noticed due to tension band knots. Heterotopic ossification developed in one patient but had no symptom. Conclusion: Double tension band osteosynthesis in intra-articular fractures of distal humerus (AO type C) in elderly osteoporotic patients can provide sufficient and secure stability to allow early rehabilitation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.965-973
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• 2017

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a group of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid with conjugated double bonds at C9,C11 and C10,C12 positions. Of possible CLA isomers, a naturally occurring CLA isomer is c9,t11-CLA which is produced from linoleic acid by linoleate isomerase from various rumen and lactic bacteria, and mushroom mycelia. Meanwhile, synthetically prepared CLA contained an equal amount of c9,t11-CLA and t10,c12-CLA isomers, and other isomers as minor constituents. CLA was firstly mentioned in 1939 during the elaidinization reaction of linoleic acid. Thereafter, CLA was not an attractant to scientists because it was not scientifically interested any more. However, since the anticarcinogenic action was driven from 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mouse skin carcinogenesis in 1987, CLA-related researches were drastically elevated, resulting in approximately 6,100 research papers in literature, so far. CLA exhibited the significant biological activities: anticarcinogenic, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, antiatherosclerotic, body-fat reducing, antioxidative, antiinflammatory, testosterone producing and other activities. Interestingly, two major CLA isomers, c9,t11-CLA and t10,c12-CLA, exhibited different biological activities. Meanwhile, t,t-CLA isomers which is minor constituent of chemically synthesized CLA from linoleic acid exhibited more potent anticarcinogenic activity in carcinogen-induced animal models and cancer cell lines than other CLA isomrs. In the present review, the significant biological activities of CLA were discussed along with historical studies of CLA since 1939.