• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.19-22
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• 2006

Desirable substrates for $YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}$ coated conductor are highly cube textured Ni or Ni-alloy tapes, which can be produced by cold rolling and recrystallization annealing. We have fabricated hi-axially textured pure Ni tapes for the application of coated conductors. The sintered Ni rod was cold-rolled into the thin tapes of $50{\mu}m$ thickness and the tapes were heat-treated for texture development with line-focused infrared heater. The temperature was maintained at $800\sim1050^{\circ}C$, using 1kW double ended linear halogen lamp in $96%Ar-4%H_2$ atmosphere The biaxially tortured Ni tapes were successfully formed by line-focused infrared heat treatment The texture of the annealed Ni tapes was analysed using the GADDS (general area detector diffraction system). The full width at half maximum values of phi and omega scan for the Ni tapes were less than $10^{\circ}$ and the grain size was $20-50{\mu}m$.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.88-91
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• 2018

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the simultaneous dual isotope (SDI) myocardial perfusion scan that can be performed in a short time using a semiconductor gamma camera. Materials and Methods Of the 86 patients who underwent Rest/Stress $^{99m}TC$-sestaMIBI 1-day myocardial perfusion scan and Rest $^{99m}TC$-sestaMIBI/Stress $^{201}Tl$ simultaneous dual isotope myocardial perfusion scan using a heart-only gamma camera, the test results were the same, 36 patients who did not show any change in the clinical outcome. Quantitative values were statistically analyzed using a QPS program to confirm the correlation between the images of the two examinations. Results Rest/Stress $^{99m}TC$-sestaMIBI simultaneous dual myocardial perfusion scans and $^{99m}TC$-sestaMIBI/Stress $^{201}Tl$ double-isotope myocardial perfusion scans were analyzed for Summed score. The $R^2$ value of the Rest summed score (RSS) was 0.91 and the $R^2$ value of the stress summed score (SSS) was 0.71. Conclusion The $^{99m}TC$-sestaMIBI/Stress $^{201}Tl$ simultaneous dual isotope scan confirmed its correlation with the previous day's test. The $^{99m}TC$-sestaMIBI/Stress $^{201}Tl$ simultaneous dual isotope scan can be completed in approximately 30minutes. It maybe clinically useful for patients who need short examination time such as emergency patients or elderly patients.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.509-517
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• 2008

DNA damage accumulates in cells as a result of exposure to exogenous agents such as benzopyrene, cigarette smoke, ultraviolet light, X-ray, and endogenous chemicals including reactive oxygen species produced from normal metabolic byproducts. DNA damage can also occur during aberrant DNA processing reactions such as DNA replication, recombination, and repair. The major of DNA damage affects the primary structure of the double helix; that is, the bases are chemically modified. These modification can disrupt the molecules'regular helical structure by introducing non-native chemical bonds or bulky adducts that do not fit in the standard double helix. DNA repair genes and proteins scan the global genome to detect and remove DNA damage and damage to single nucleotides. Direct reversal of DNA damage, base excision repair, double strand break. DNA repair are known relevant DNA repair mechanisms. Four different mechanisms are distinguished within excision repair: direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, and mismatch repair. Genetic variation in DNA repair genes can modulate DNA repair capacity and alter cancer risk. The instability of a cell to properly regulate its proliferation in the presence of DNA damage increase risk of gene mutation and carcinogenesis. This article aimed to review mechanism of excision repair and to understand the relationship between genetic variation of excision repair genes and head and neck cancer.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.638-644
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• 2017

Pitch based activated carbon fibers for electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) electrodes were treated by oxyfluorination via varying the ratio of fluorine and oxygen gases to improve high power property. As the partial pressure of fluorine increased, the oxyfluorinated activated carbon fibers showed an increase of linear fluorine functional groups. While the oxygen functional groups increased, no changes was observed with respect to the partial gas pressure. The specific surface area and pore volume decreased due to the etching reaction on the activated carbon fiber surface through oxyfluorination, but the mesopore volume increased about 4.5 times. In the case of activated carbon fibers treated with 50% of the fluorine gas partial pressure, the specific capacitance increased to about 29% and 61% at scan rates of 5 and 50 mV/s, respectively. The improvement of the specific capacitance was believed to be due to the introduction of oxygen and fluorine functional groups on the activated carbon fiber surface and the increase of mesopores through oxyfluorination.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.127-131
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• 2013

Urinomas can occur after renal trauma or perforation of the collecting system during an endosurgical procedure. However, spontaneous urinomas are very rare. Here we report a case of a spontaneous perinephric urinoma following the removal of a Foley catheter in an 18-year-old girl with acute kidney injury caused by septic shock. The patient had been treated for septic shock, acute kidney injury, and acute respiratory distress syndrome, and had a Foley catheter in place for seven days. After Foley catheter removal, the patient complained of consistent voiding difficulty. An abdominal computed tomography scan showed a large amount of left perinephric fluid, and the aspirated fluid included urothelial cells, confirming the diagnosis of a urinoma. The urinoma was successfully treated by insertion of a double-J stent into the left ureter. This report discusses the available literature on urinomas, and their clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2022

To increase biomass utilization, rice husk-based activated carbon (RHAC) followed by nitrogen plasma surface treatment was prepared and the electric double-layer capacitor performance was investigated. Through nitrogen plasma surface treatment, up to 2.17% of nitrogen was introduced to the surface of RHAC, and in particular the sample reacted for 5 min with nitrogen plasma showed dominant formation of pyrrolic/pyridine N functional groups. In addition, mesopores were formed on the RHAC material by the removal of silica, and the surface roughness of the carbon material increased by nitrogen plasma surface treatment, resulting in the formation of many micropores. As a result of cyclic voltammetry measurement, at a scan rate of 5 mV/s, the specific capacitance of the RHAC treated with nitrogen plasma increased up to 200 F/g, showing an 80.2% improvement compared to that of using untreated RHAC (111 F/g). This is attributed to the synergetic effect of the introduction of pyrrolic/pyridine-based nitrogen functional groups and the increase of the micropore volume on the surface of the carbon material. This study has a positive effect on the environment in terms of recycling waste resources and using plasma surface treatment.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.1219-1227
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• 2014

For development of the surface acoustic wave bandpass filter(SAW-BPF), we fabricated the high quality ZnO thin films through the step-by-step(double) deposition using two different deposition methods which are pulsed laser deposition(PLD) and RF sputtering techniques. The second growth of ZnO thin films was completed by RF sputtering method on the first ZnO thin films pre-deposited by PLD method. The characteristics of ZnO thin films were analyzed by XRD, SEM and AFM systems. The FWHM of ${\omega}$-scan analysis and the minimum RMS value of surface roughness of step-by-step grown ZnO thin films were $0.79^{\circ}$ and 1.108 nm respectively. As a result, the crystallinity and the preferred orientation of the grown ZnO thin films were kept good quality and the surface roughnesses of those were improved by post-annealing process as comparison with ZnO thin film fabricated by the conventional PLD technique only. Using these proposed ZnO thin films, we demonstrated the RF device such as SAW-BPF, built by the proposed ZnO thin films, shows that it has the bandwidth of 2.98 MHz and the insertion loss of 36.5 dB at the center frequency of 260.8 MHz, respectively.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.195-200
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• 2003

Purpose: Advancement of computed tomography (CT) hardware and software has allowed thin section scanning and reconstruction of fascinating 2-dimentional (2D) and 3- dimentional (3D) images. Especially, the reconstruction of 3D images of gastrointestinal tract has been used in the detection and diagnosis of pre-malignant and malignant diseases. To compare the efficacy of CT gastrography with conventional upper gastrointenstinal series (UGIs) in gastric cancer patients. Materials and Methods: During Nov. 2002 and Mar. 2003, twenty-seven patients who had gastric cancer received both double contrast upper GI series and CT gastrography prior to radical surgery. Among these patients, nineteen had early gastric cancer (EGC) and 8 had advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Fifteen patients were male and 12 were female. The mean age was 54 yrs (range, $27\∼75$ yrs). The patients were placed on NPO and Stomach was distended with gas in fasting state prior to CT scanning. Double contrast upper GI series were performed as routine manual. CT scan was conducted in all patients using 8 or 16-channel multidetector CT in this study. The collimation and reconstruction for CT scanning were set at 2.5 mm and 1.25 mm, respectively. CT scanning was performed in the supine position. For image processing, CT gastrography, in which raysum and surface rendering images were constructed, virtual and 2D image in coronal and sagittal images were performed. The detectability of gastric cancer was assessed between UGIs and CT gastrography. Results: In AGCs, the detection rate of cancer using CT gastrography and virtual gastroscopy was higher than EGC cases. However, CT gastrography and virtual gastroscopy showed less favorable results than UGIs. Even though only a small number of cases had been studied, we might conclude that CT gastrography and virtual gastroscopy could replace UGIs in the detection of AGC cases. Conclusion: The detection rate used with CT gastrography and Virtual gastroscopy is not better than that of UGIs in early gastric cancer, however, in advanced gastric cancer cases, it is nearly equal to that of UGIs.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.129-137
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• 2013

From the cooked-rice as a raw material, activated carbons throughout a hydrothermal synthesis and vacuum soak of KOH for chemical activation were obtained. Activated carbon electrodes for electric double layer supercapacitors were prepared and electrochemical characteristics were examined. Including the specific surface area by BET method and pore size distribution by NLDFT method, physical properties of activated carbons were investigated by means of SEM, EDS, XRD, and TG analyses. Cycle voltammetry and AC-impedance measurements were conducted to confirm the electrochemical characteristics for the electrodes. From hydrothermal synthesis, $5{\sim}7{\mu}m$ diameters of spherical carbons were obtained. After the activation at $800^{\circ}C$, it was notable for the activated carbon to be the specific surface $1631.8cm^2/g$, pore size distribution in 0.9~2.1 nm, and micro-pore volume $0.6154cm^3/g$. As electrochemical characteristics of the activated carbon electrode in 6M KOH electrolyte, it was confirmed that the specific capacitances of 236, 194, and 137 F/g at the scan rate of 5, 100, and 500 mV/s respectively were exhibited and 91.2% of initial capacitance after 100,000 cycles at 200 mV/s was maintained.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.492-498
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• 2012

A hyper branched 10-butylphenothiazine with in-situ thermally curable methacrylate (1,3,5-tris-[$\{$10-Butyl-3-(4-(2-methyl-acryloyloxy)-phenyl)-7-yl-10H-phenothiazine$\}$]-benzene, (tris-PTMA)) was synthesized successfully. From the TGA thermogram of tris-PTMA was thermally stable up to $336^{\circ}C$. In the first heating scan of DSC thermogram, tris-PTMA showed glass transition temperature (Tg) at $140^{\circ}C$ and broad endothermic process in the region of $144-179^{\circ}C$, which is thermally curing temperature. In the second heating process, $T_g$ exhibited at $158.7^{\circ}C$ and endothermic process was not observed. Thermally cured tris-PTMA showed no big change in the UV-visible spectrum after washing with organic solvent such as methylene chloride, chloroform, toluene, indicating that thermally cured film was very good solvent resistance. Thermally cured tris-PTMA was electrochemically stable and the HOMO energy level of tris-PTMA was -5.54 eV. The maximum luminance efficiency of double layer structured polymer light-emitting diode based on in-situ thermally cured tris-PTMA was 0.685 cd/A at 16.0 V, which was higher than that of the device without thermally cured tris-PTMA (0.348 cd/A at 15.0 V).