• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.123-129
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• 2019

Objective : Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt surgery is a common and effective treatment for hydrocephalus and cerebrospinal fluid disorders. Infection remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality after a VP shunt. There is evidence that a deep skin flora microbiome may have a role to play in post-operative infections. In this technical note, we present a skin preparation technique that addresses the issue of the skin flora beyond the initial incision. Methods : The patient is initially prepped, as standard, with. a single layer of 2% CHG+70% isopropyl alcohol. The novel stage is the 'double incision' whereby an initial superficial incision receives a further application of povidone-iodine prior to completing the full depth incision. Results : Of the 84 shunts inserted using the double-incision method (September 2015 to September 2016), only one developed a shunt infection. Conclusion : The double incision approach to skin preparation is a unique operative stage in VP shunt surgery that may have a role to play in reducing acute shunt infection.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.136-143
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• 2006

The relationship between H. pylori(Hp) infection and recurrent abdominal pain(RAP) in children is not clear. Current data in the literature regarding a causal relationship between Hp infection and childhood RAP are conflicting. However, meta-analysis and most of the recently published studies have not supported an association between Hp infection and an increased prevalence of abdominal pain. Most published studies have some problems and have been criticized on methodological grounds. Most of the existing studies have not been designed to include double-blind placebo controls. And, because of the low incidence of Hp infection in children, they have a problem of obtaining sufficient numbers of the Hp infected children. There is also a concern about the heterogeneity of testing methodology in the studies and diagnostic accuracy problems of the non-invasive tests such as low sensitivity of the serology tests and false positive results of the UBT in children. And conflicting results may be explained, in part, by the poor definition of RAP or dyspepsia for the study subjects. To date, no consensus exists for the treatment of Hp-infected children with RAP. Some authors suggest the clinical efficacy of Hp. But others suggest that eradication of Hp is not associated with improvement of RAP. The problem of the most treatment studies is that they had usually no control groups and the number of the subjects was small. In order to make reasonable decisions about treatment of Hp infection in children with RAP, long-term, randomized, double blind, well controlled studies in large numbers of children will be required.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.22-27
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• 2017

The length of hospital stay (LOS) for patients with respiratory virus infections has been reported to depend the virus type and infection severity. However, the impact of co-infections remains unclear. Patients with suspected respiratory virus infections, who visited Dankook University Hospital between December 2006 and February 2014, were included to examine the relationship between co-infections and LOS. Multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions were used to identify the causative viruses. LOS was analyzed with respect to sex, age, virus, and co-infection. During this period, 5,310 out of the 8,860 patients (59.9%; median age, 1.5 years) were respiratory virus-positive. In respiratory virus-positive patients with single, double, and three-or-more infections, the average LOS was 7.3, 6.7, and 6.6 days, respectively. Longer LOS was observed for older patients and those with human coronavirus OC43 infections compared with adenovirus or respiratory syncytial virus A infections. LOS differed significantly according to age, virus type, and co-infection, but not between double and three or more infections.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.71-77
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• 1999

Research results on actual management situation of 16 goat farms and internal parasite infection of 155 goats from January to November in 1997 in southern Kyoungnam area were as follows ; 1. An average number of goats was 93. Among them, 81% were farming the goat as avocation with the income rate less then 50%, Eight-four percent of farms terminated the parasites more than twice a year, and the survey showed the black goats had a high digestive and respiratory disease infection rate. 2. The internal parasite infection rate of the black goat was 96.8% , the goats were infected with 13 types of parasites. Of them, Emeria sp was 87.1%, Ostertagia sp 55.5%, Paraphistanum sp 45.8%, and Moniezia expansa 20%, respectively. 3. On the survey of multiple infection rate, both double and triple infection were 19.4%, more than septuple-infection 15,5%, single infection 13.4%, quintuple infection 12.3 n, sextuple infection 9.0% and quadruple infection 7.7%, respectively. 4. Look over on seasonal infection rate, higher in fall and lower in winter. Especially, Paramishitom sp was higher in summer and winter, both Moniezia expansan and Bonaostom sp were higher in summer. 5. Research on the infection rate of parasites termination period revealed less-than-1-month period had 10-30 infection rate, the infection rate has increased sharply since 3 months passed after the goats were treated with parasite-cid.

• 식물병과 농업
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 1995

Infection rate of witches'-broom disease (WB) was observed yearly in transplanted jujube seedlings for 7 years. Seedlings of‘Hongan’grafted either on the rootstock from seed (RS) or on the rootstock from rooting (RR) were planted in separate farms. Occurrence of the disease was determined 4 years after transplanting with the witches'-broom symptom. Only 1 seedling of RS was infected with WB, while 56 seedlings of RR showed WB. Yearly infection rates of WB were observed in several varieties of jujube including‘Boeun’,‘Keumsung’,‘Moodeung’,‘Bokjo’,‘Koori’(10 trees for each in Cheongjoo), and‘Hongan’(165 trees in Boeun). In most varieties, WB first appeared in the third year from transplanting, and in the seventh year, more than 80% of the total tree showed WB. The yearly infection rate of newly infected trees was almost. stable during the first years. However, the ratio sharply increased from the sixth year. The accumulated infection rate of WB increased double, year by year from the third to seventh year. Between Cheongjoo and Boeun, no difference in infection rates was found.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.232-234
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• 2007

We describe the extrusion of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter from the anus after double perforation of the large bowel in a 3-year-old girl with hydrocephalus. She was admitted because the tip of the peritoneal catheter protruded 10 cm from the anus and clear cerebrospinal fluid dripped from the tip. Emergency laparotomy was performed. The distal peritoneal catheter perforated and penetrated the sigmoid colon and re-perforated into the rectal cavity. The distal peritoneal catheter was removed, the proximal catheter was exposed for external drainage, and intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics were administered for 2 weeks. After control of infection, the shunt system was completely removed. Bowel perforation by a peritoneal catheter is a rare complication. Diagnosis is often difficult, delayed, and its incidence is likely underestimated. Most bowel perforation is the result of infection as opposed to technical errors.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.220-222
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• 1998

In 1995, we collected stock (Matthiola incana) plants causing mosaic symptoms on leaves and color breakings on flowers in Daekwallyong, Korea. Two viruses were isolated from the infected plants, and identified as cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) by experiments of host range, serology and electron microscopy. Each of the virus did not produce the same symptoms on the stock seedlings as naturally infected plants caused. When the viruses were coinoculated to the stock seedlings, however, severe mosaic symptoms were observed on leaves, and then the color breakings were expressed on flowers.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.190-197
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• 1994

In order to monitor the parasites, 303 fecal samples were taken from Korean native goats (n=279) and sheep(n=24) in Chonbuk area. The identification of the parasites were determimed by the fecal examination using the floatation or sedimentation methods and microscopical examination, respectively. The obtained results were summarized as follows ; 1. The detection rate of the parasites from Korean native goats and sheep was 98.2% and 83.3%, respectively. 2. In Korean native goat, mixed infection rate was single 7.5%(21 heads), double 47.3%(132 heads), triple 40.8%(114 heads), quadraple 5.0%(14 heads) and quintuple 2.5%(7 heads). 3. In sheep, mixed infection rate was single 12.5%(3 heads), double 45.8%(13 heads) and triple 16.6%(4 heads). 4. The parasites isolated were identified as Eimeria spp. from 283 heads, Oesophagostomum spp. from 96 heads, Ostertagia spp. from 97 heads, Strongylodes papillus from 97 heads, Heamonchs spp. from 73 heads, Trichostrongylus spp. from 42 heads, Moniezia expenza from 26 heads, Cooperia spp. from 16 heads, Nematodirus spp. from 9 heads, Bonostomum spp. from 9 heads, Paraphistomum spp. from 7 heads, and Fasciola hepatica and Capillaria spp. In 2 heads, in order.

• 식물병연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.28-31
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• 2006

최근 감자 바이러스의 발생 양상은 과거에는 PLRV의 이병율이 높았으나 현재에는 PVY의 발생이 많아지고 있는 추세인데 이는 '대서'와 '추백' 같은 감수성 품종의 재배 면적의 증가와 바이러스 이병율이 높은 재배 환경에서의 채종 때문일 것이다. 특히 2기작 감자 포장에서의 당대 감염율을 보더라도 '대서'와 '추백'의 이병율이 높아 감수성 품종으로 '수미'와 '대지'는 이병율이 비교적 낮아 저항성으로 나타났다. 또한 2기작 감자 재배지대에서 PVY에 감수성인 '추백' 품종의 안전한 씨감자 생산을 위해서 주위에 일반감자 재배가 없는 격리가 양호한 환경에서의 채종과 그렇지 못한 환경에서의 채종을 비교하여 재감염 정도를 조사하였는데 조직 배양후 2세대 걸친 노지 재배에서 바이러스 이병율이 약 3배의 차이를 보여 씨감자 생산에서 채종 환경의 중요성을 입증한 결과로 판명되었다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.357-362
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• 2008

While studies have been carried out on endoparasite infection from feces of Korean indigenous goats in multiple areas around the nation, there is no report in northern areas of Gyeongbuk province. Thus, this study was conducted to examine the rate of parasite infection from the fecal samples of goats raised on grass. From March to July in 2008, 108 fecal samples were taken from goats. Eggs of parasites were identified using flotation or sedimentation methods followed by microscopic examination. Overall infection rate of parasites from feces of goats were 99% (107 out of 108). The infection rates of nematode, cestode, trematode and protozoa were 37%, 23%, 0% and 99%, respectively. Among parasite eggs detected, nematodes included threadworms (20%), strongyles (16%) and whipworms (1%). The only cestode and protozoa detected were Moniezia expansa and Eimeria spp, respectively. In the rates of mixed infection, single was 61%, double 32%, and triple 6%.