• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2010

방사선 조사된 완제품 조제분유를 포함한 시료 4종의 ESR 스펙트럼 특성을 측정하였다. 조제분유와 전지분유의 비조사 시료는 g=2.0050의 아주 약한 singlet 형태의 스펙트럼을 나타내었다. 조사 시료에서 전지분유는 g=2.0050의 singlet 형태의 스펙트럼, 조제분유는 전지분유와 같은 중심 피크 옆에 g=2.0006의 작은 피크를 가진 비대칭 형태의 스펙트럼을 나타내었고, 두 시료 모두 비조사 시료와 조사 시료의 신호 세기 차이가 명확하여 조사유무 판별이 가능하였다. 포도당과 유당의 비조사 시료는 아무런 시그널을 나타내지 않았으며, 조사 시료는 이미 알려져 있는 결정형 당 유래의 다형 피크를 가진 스펙트럼을 나타내었다. 선량이 증가함에 따라 신호 세기도 증가하였고, 회귀방정식의 상관계수는 0.95 이상의 높은 값을 나타내었다. 감마선과 전자선 조사에 의한 ESR 스팩트럼 간의 유의성 있는 차이는 없는 것으로 확인되었다. 결론적으로 본 실험을 통하여 ESR 분석은 방사선 조사된 조제분유 및 원료의 판별에 유용한 방법으로 적용될 수 있는 것으로 판단되었으며, 온도, 습도 및 전처리 조건 등의 요인에 의한 변화 가능성과 식품 생산 및 장기유통 기간 등을 고려할 때 이에 대한 지속적인 연구와 자료 축적이 요구된다고 할 것이다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2016

Sepsis is the life-threatening response to infection which can lead to tissue damage, organ failure, and death. In the current study, the effect of orally administered D-glucose on the mortality and the blood glucose level induced by D-Galactosamine (GaLN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis was examined in ICR mice. After various amounts of D-glucose (from 1 to 8 g/kg) were orally fed, sepsis was induced by injecting intraperitoneally (i.p.) the mixture of GaLN /LPS. Oral pre-treatment with D-glucose dose-dependently increased the blood glucose level and caused a reduction of sepsis-induced mortality. The oral post-treatment with D-glucose (8 g/kg) up to 3 h caused an elevation of the blood glucose level and protected the mortality observed in sepsis model. However, D-glucose post-treated at 6, 9, or 12 h after sepsis induction did not affect the mortality and the blood glucose level induced by sepsis. Furthermore, the intrathecal (i.t.) pretreatment once with pertussis toxin (PTX; $0.1{\mu}g/5ml$) for 6 days caused a reduction of D-glucose-induced protection of mortality and hyperglycemia. Furthermore, once the hypoglycemic state is continued up to 6 h after sepsis initiated, sepsis-induced mortality could not be reversed by D-glucose fed orally. Based on these findings, it is assumed that the hypoglycemic duration between 3 and 6 h after the sepsis induction may be a critical time of period for the survival. D-glucose-induced protective effect against sepsis-induced mortality appears to be mediated via activating PTX-sensitive G-proteins in the spinal cord. Finally, the production of hyperglycemic state may be critical for the survival against the sepsis-induced mortality.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.347-353
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• 2005

The risk assessment is the qualitative or quantitative evaluation of the risk posed to human health and the environment by the actual or potential presence or release of hazardous substances, pollutants or contaminants. The environmental impact assessment (EIA) is assessed by the environmental criteria, and risk assessment is assessed by the risk rate. Risk rate based on dose-response values may not be easy to apply on regulatory basis like EIA for uncertainty. Internationally there is an example of OECD program. Risk assessment of High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals has started since the OECD Program with the 1990 Council Act on the Co-operative Investigation and Risk Reduction of Existing Chemicals. These HPV chemicals include all chemicals produced or imported at levels greater than 1,000 tonnes per year in at least one Member country or in the European Union region. The SIDS called the Screening Information Data Set is regarded as the minimum information needed to assess an HPV chemical to determine whether any further work should be carried out or not. All the data elements of SIDS including assessment for environment and health are prepared as three formats of the full SIDS Dossier, the SIDS Initial Assessment Report (SIAR), and the SIDS Initial Assessment Profile (SIAP) of an HPV chemical. In 1998 the global chemical industry through the International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) has joined to work with OECD. The OECD has assessed approximately 1,000 chemicals from 1991 through 2004 with ICCA. Till the February of 2005, 592 chemicals of those chemicals completed SIDS reports. Member countries have been targeted the goal of 1,000 new chemicals from 2005 to 2010 and Korea shared 36 chemicals from the 1,000 new chemicals. Currently Korea has completed SIDS reports of 7 chemicals among sponsored 24 chemicals. In conclusion SIDS project will be linked to national program for outputs application with more reliable production. Both the OECD and industry will carry out their commitment to complete assessments for more and the remaining chemicals assessment. The major outputs will contribute to cope with international chemical management.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.146-150
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• 1999

중증근무력증은 수의근을 침범하는 대표적인 자가면역성 질환으로 매우 드물게 발생한다. 흉선종과 중증근무력증이 함께 발생한 환자에서 고식적인 치료방법후 증상의 악화를 보여 전신 방사선치료를 시행한 경험을 보고하고자 한다. 가톨릭대학교 의과대학 성모병원 치료방사선과에서는 1994년 이후 2례의 흉선종을 동반한 중증근무력증 환자에서 흉선절제술, 면역요법과 호르몬치료 등에도 불구하고 증상의 악화를 보여 전신 방사선치료를 시도하였다. 전신 방사선치료는 6MV 선형가속기를 이용하여 10cGy씩, 주 3회로 5$\~$6주에 걸쳐서 150$\~$180cGy 를 조사하였다. 전신 방사선조사 중 구토 이외의 특이한 부작용은 관찰되지 않았다. 증상의 변화를 추적 관찰한 결과, 전신 방사선 치료 후 4$\~$5주부터 증상의 완화를 보이기 시작하여 18개월과 42개월까지 증상의 악화없이 지속적인 증상의 완화를 관찰하였다. 고식적인 치료방법에 효과가 없었던 흉선종을 동반한 중증근무력증 환자에서 전신 방사선치료를 시행하여 비교적 안전하고 좋은 임상 효과를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.190-193
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• 2006

개에서 방사선 검사로 확진한 둔부 골관절염 증례에 대하여 hyaluronic acid의 관절강내 주사 및 caprofen의 경구투여를 2주간 치료를 하였으나, 임상증상이 개선되지 않았다. 봉독 수침요법(5일 간격, 7회)과 압통점 치료를 병용하였다. 수침에 사용된 혈위는 이환 된 우측 환지의 5개 혈위를 사용하였다: GB30(국소혈), ST35, GB33, BL40 및 LIV08(원위혈). 수침재료(0.2 ml/혈위, 전체 1 ml/회)는 apitoxin $100{\mu}g+2%$ 리도카인 (1:1)+생리식염수로 제조하였고, 5개 혈위에 각각 0.2 ml씩 수침하였다. 또한 우측 환지의 대퇴사두근의 압통점에 2% 리도카인(0.2ml/압통점)을 매회 치료 시 각각 수침하였다. 봉침 수침 요법은 임상증상을 급속하게 개선시켰는데, 파행 및 보행실조가 7회 치료(30일) 후 소실되었으며, 우측 후지의 근육 위축이 많이 호전되었고, 치료 종료 2주 후(44일)에 방사선 검사 상 환부는 거의 정상소견을 나타내었다. 본 환축은 봉독 수침 요법과 압통점 치료의 병용으로 양호한 치료반응을 나타난 개의 둔부 골관절염의 증례이었다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.521-532
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• 2006

Backgrounds and Objectives: A major goat in asthma therapy isto reduce or prevent the inflammatory response associated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness, reversible airway obstruction and airway remodelling. Many studies have shown that eosinophilic infiltration is a prominent feathure in the pathophysiology of asthma. The importance of the Presence of eosinophils in the airways of asthmatics has long been recognized, but the mechanism by which these cells are recruited and retained in the lung are only now being elucidated Production of chemotactic cytokines by bronchial epithelial cells may contribute to the local accumulation of eosinophils in Patients with bronchial asthma. This study was designed to investigate the inhibitory effect of extraction of herbal dicoction, Gamichungsangbohatang(GMCSBHT) on eosinophil chemotactic cytokines. Material and Methods:We used water and 70% ethanol extracts of GMCSBHT and pulmonary epithelial cell lines A549(human type II -like epithelial cells). We estimated cytotoxic effects of GMCSBHT, and estimated the effects of water and 70% ethanol extracts of GMCSBHT on chemokines from prestimulated A549 cells by sandwich ELISA. Results: Chemokines of eotaxin, IL-8 were inhibited by GMCSBHT in dose-dependent manner. And ethanol extract of GMCSBHT has more inhibitory effects on eotaxin, IL-8 than hot water extract. Conculusions: These findings indicate that the supression of the expression of chemokines can be accomplished by GMCSBHT treatment, so GMCSBHT may inhibit the iuflammatory process by eosinophils in asthma.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.130-148
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• 2008

Objective : This study was designed to investigate the effect of the water extract of Gamisamgibopae-tang(GMSGBPT), an oriental herbal formulation, on the growth of NCI-H460 and A549 human non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines. Methods : Cytotoxicity and cell morphology were evaluated by MTT assay and inverted microscope, respectively. Apoptosis was detected using agarose gel electrophoresis and flow cytometer. The expression levels of mRNAs and proteins of target genes were determined by RT-PCR and western blot analyses, respectively Result and Conclusion : We found that exposure of A549 cells to GMSGBPT resulted in the growth inhibition in a dose-dependent manner as measured by MTT assay, but GMSGBPTdid not affect the growth of NCI-H460 cells. The anti-proliferative effect of GMSGBPT treatment in A549 cells was associated with morphological changes, formation of apoptotic bodies and DNA fragmentation, and flow cytometry analysis confirmed that GMSGBPT treatment increased the populations of apoptotic-sub G1 phase. Growth inhibition and apoptotic cell death by GMSGBPT were connected with a up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 (WAF1/CIP1) mRNA and protein in a tumor suppressor p53-independent fashion. However GMSGBPT treatment did not affect other growth regulation-related genes such as early growth response-1 (Egr-1), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-activated gene-1 (NAG-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenases (COXs), telomere-regulatory factors in A549 orNCI-H460 cells. Taken together, these findings partially provide novel insights into the possible molecular mechanism of the anti-cancer activity of GMSGBPT.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.299-306
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• 2013

In the present study, we investigated the effect of ethanolic extract of the seed of Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa (EEZS) on cholinergic blockade-induced memory impairment in mice. Male ICR mice were treated with EEZS. The behavioral tests were conducted using the passive avoidance, the Y-maze, and the Morris water maze tasks. EEZS (100 or 200 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly ameliorated the scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in our present behavioral tasks without changes of locomotor activity. The ameliorating effect of EEZS on scopolamine-induced memory impairment was significantly reversed by a sub-effective dose of MK-801 (0.0125 mg/kg, s.c.). In addition, single administration of EEZS in normal naive mouse enhanced latency time in the passive avoidance task. Western blot analysis was employed to confirm the mechanism of memory-ameliorating effect of EEZS. Administration of EEZS (200 mg/kg) increased the level of memory-related signaling molecules, including phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase or cAMP response element-binding protein in the hippocampal region. Also, the time-dependent expression level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor by the administration of EEZS was markedly increased from 3 to 9 h. These results suggest that EEZS has memory-ameliorating effect on scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment, which is mediated by the enhancement of the cholinergic neurotransmitter system, in part, via NMDA receptor signaling, and that EEZS would be useful agent against cognitive dysfunction such as Alzheimer's disease.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.84-106
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• 1994

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy for carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning eventually inducing the hypoxia-reoxygenation condition, may produce oxygen free radicals, which forms 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) by attacking C-8 position of deoxyguanosine (dG) in DNA. Effects of oxygen partial pressure or duration of HBO therapy with or without CO poisoning on the tissue 8-OH-dG formation were investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were grouped and exposed to air (control group), 4000 ppm of CO for 10 to 30 minutes (CO only group), air for 30 minutes after 30 minute exposure to 4000 ppm of CO(CO-air exposure group), HBO after 30 minute exposure to 4000 ppm of CO(CO-HBO group), or HBO therapy fo. $10{\sim}120$ minutes(HBO only group). The 8-OH-4G concentrations in the brain and the lung tissues were measured with high performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detector (ECD). Average concentrations of the 8-OH-dG of each group were statistically compared. In the brain tissues, 8-OH-dG concentrations of the CO only group, the CO-air exposure group, and the CO-HBO group did not significantly differ from those of the control group. Similar insignificance was also found between the CO-HBO group and the HBO only groups. No appreciable dose-response relationship was observed between the 8-OH-dG concentration and the oxygen partial pressure or the duration of HBO. However, the 8-OH-dG concentrations of the 30 minute CO only group were higher than those of the CO-air exposure group (p-value<0.05). In the lung tissues, there were no significant differences between the 8-OH-dG concentrations of the control group and those of the CO only group, the CO-air exposure group, and the CO-HBO group. However, mean 8-OH-dG concentration of the CO-air exposure group was significantly higher than that of the CO only group under the same CO exposure condition(p-value<0.05). With the duration of CO exposure, the 8-OH-dG concentrations of the lung tissues decreased significantly (p-value<0.05). The concentrations of 8-OH-dG in the lung tissues proportionally increased with the duration of HBO, but no such relation was observed with the oxygen partial pressure. These results suggest that the brain may be more resistant to oxygen free radicals as compared with the lungs, and that oxygen toxicity following HBO may be affected by factors other than oxygen free radicals.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.85-102
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• 1973

In the event a population of animals is exposed to ionizing radiation, proper disposition of animals will minimize loss to the farmer and protect the public from unwholesome meat and dairy products. Clinical response is an important factor in considering salvage of animals for food following exposure to ionizing radiation whether the dose is lethal or not. It is the purpose of this report to present the discussions of blood picture and growth of y ung growing rabbits exposed to cobalt-60 gamma-irradiation. The experimental animals were Hyrnalayan rabbits of 65 days old. The body weight for all animals of the time of irradiation was approximately 450g. The 96 rabbits used in the experiment were allotted t groups of eight. Rabbits in one group served as controls and the others were exposed to single doses of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 Roentgens (R). The exposure does rate averaged 15 R per minute. Central blood was obtained by heart puncture. Erythrocyte and leukocyte enumerations and, determinations of hemoglobin in blood and hematocrit value were made in the usual manner. Erythrocyte counts, concentrations of hemoglobin in blood, and hematocrit readings dropped to the lowest value between 1 and 4 weeks postirradiation, returning towards the control values. But recovery was not complete at the time of the last determination on 6 weeks postirradiation. There was a progressive decrease with increasing radiation does in the above values. Mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were not affected by the irradiation. After irradiation of each does the numbers of total leukocyte and the absolute numbers of various types of white cell began to decrease rapidly, and reached a minimum after 2 weeks, returning towards normal levels. But recovery was not complete at the time of the last determination on 6 weeks postirradiation. The reductions in total leukocyte and differential counts as the radiation does increases were apparent. Relative neutrophilia was observed in each irradiated group because of more expense of lymphocytes after irradiation. Growth rate of the rabbits was not affected by 100 R of whloe-body irradiation, while rabbits irradiated with 200, 300, 400 and 500 R showed marked depression of growth rate. As the radiation does increases, a depression of growth rate was apparent. The rabbits exposed to 600 and 700 R ceased from growing and recovery was not recognized during the experimental period.