• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was to ascertain whether there are differences in health care utilization and expenditure for Type I Medical Aid Beneficiaries before and after applying Copayment. Methods: This study was one-group pretest posttest design study using secondary data analysis. Data for pretest group were collected from claims data of the Korea National Health Insurance Corporation and data for posttest group were collected through door to-door interviews using a structured questionnaire. A total of 1,364 subjects were sampled systematically from medical aid beneficiaries who had applied for copayment during the period from December 12, 2007 to September 25, 2008. Results: There was no negative effect of copayment on accessibility to medical services, medication adherence (p=.94), and quality of life (p=.25). Some of the subjects' health behaviors even increased preferably after applying for copayment including flu prevention (p<.001), health care examination (p=.035), and cancer screening (p=.002). However, significant suppressive effects of copayment were found on outpatient hospital visiting days (p<.001) and outpatient medical expenditure (p<.001). Conclusion: Copayment does not seem to be a great influencing factor on beneficiaries' accessibility to medical services and their health behavior even though it has suppressive effects on outpatients' use of health care.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.89-98
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• 2000

Using conventional textile techniques such as weaving braiding knitting and stitching it is possible to produce a wide range two and three dimensional fiber preforms, however so far only a limited attention has been given to knitted fabrics in composite industry. This is mainly due to the opinion that knitted fabric reinforced composites posses low mechanical properties owing to their looped fiber architecture. But it is possible to obtain desired mechanical properties by selecting proper knitted fabric structure, In this paper mechanical characteristics of kevlar plain weft knitted fabrics reinforced plastics(KFRP) are evaluated for th development of intrusion beam of car side door. Tensile bending impact properties of KFRP are measured experimentally and crush demands of Americal Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No.214(FMVSS 214) compared with the bending load and displacement of KFRP by quasi-static test method. The applicability and limitation of bending load and displacement of KFRP according to specimen size has been discussed.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.248-257
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• 2011

Cross docking is a logistics management concept in which items delivered to a terminal by inbound trucks are immediately sorted out, routed and loaded into outbound trucks for delivery to customers. Two main advantages by introducing a cross docking terminal are to consolidate multiple smaller shipment into full truck load and remove storage and order picking processes to save up logistics costs related to warehousing and transportation costs. This research considers the scheduling problem of trucks in the cross docking terminals with multi-door in an inbound and outbound dock, respectively. The trucks sequentially deal with the storage process at the one of inbound doors and the shipping process at the one of the outbound doors. A mathematical model for an optimal solution is derived, and genetic algorithms with two different chromosome representations are proposed. To verify performance of the GA algorithms, we compare the solutions of GAs with the optimal solutions and the best solution using randomly generated several examples.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05b
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• pp.2546-2551
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• 2007

Weather Strip(W/S) is a rubber part to proof water, sound and dust for opening and shutting devices including vehicle doors. And it requires high dimension precision and durability to proof water, noise, vibration and etc. But ironically it itself makes some wind noise because of some protuberance with glasses. The air flow analysis of door part of vehicle makes it possible to calculate and find out the cause of wind noise. In previous analysis, we focus on the numerical air flow analysis of the automobile side part. We do 2D-C.F.D first and 3D second. Through simulations, we can calculate the amount of sound pressure level at the glass run and find out the effects of glass run to make wind noise. Finally we can improve shape of glass run to reduce wind noise although it is small amounts of sound pressure reduction compared with total vehicle noise level.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.238-243
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• 2010

CSD is Active RFID based Container Security Device which is proposed by the U.S Department of Home Security. It is mounted inside the container to sense opening of the container door. ConTracer is the CSD which is developed in this research whose major features are sensing door opening status as well as history inquiring on internal environment and shock to the container by mounting the temperature/ humidity/ shock sensors. Moreover, its RFID frequency bandwidth uses 433MHz and 2.4GHz to correspond actively to the frequency used by different countries. This paper introduces the development trend of CSD, compares the ConTracer which is developed thru this research and other company's CSD, and introduces CSD System which is designed and established using ConTracer. Finally, the implemented CSD System is verified by applying the demonstration service to container distribution between Korea and China.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.360-369
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• 2016

This study attempted to identify the effect of the panel stiffness on the customers' affect, which was not addressed in the research field of affective engineering. For this, this study derived four affects related to the panel stiffness from literature and pre-experiment : hardness, deform consistency, thickness and satisfaction and prepared a questionnaire to evaluate the affects of the panel. In the experiment, 54 adults in the age of 20~50 participated and evaluated the affects of hood, front and rear door for nine full size and luxury sedans by pressing the panels with their hands. As results, participants' affect for the panels were significantly different depending on the force-deflection curves of them, and the subjects' satisfaction of the panels increased as the slope of the curve (stiffness) increases. In addition, it was found that the subjects evaluated the panel with the pressing force up to 14kgf. The findings of the study can be used to increase and control the affective quality of exterior panels on passenger cars.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.7-10
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• 2001

The development of information communication technology leads the growth of logistic industry including delivery service as well as electronic commerce. The researchers predict that it will be still improving for the next several years. The logistic information system of railroad courier has been growing for a long time with small-package delivery transportation which is similar to the land-road delivery system. Despite of the long-time growth, it is recently in pain of the great loss since the 1990's, due to the failure to satisfy the customer's need for door-to-door delivery service. But the logistic information system of railroad still has the great potential. There are so many benefits such as timeliness, Punctuality, speed, multi-node storage base, transportation efficiency, energy frugality, environmental sociability, and so on. If the railroad logistic system plays a role of a portion of the nation-wide logistic with other logistic system, the synergy through the balancing logistic will also get much of international competitive advantages. So the objective of this research is to design the model and prototype of the web-based logistic system from which railroad service provider(Korean National Railroad), delivery service providers, and the customers can share the best effective delivery information.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2020

Getting on and off an elevator is one of the most important parts for multi-floor navigation of a mobile robot. In this study, we proposed the method for the pose recognition of elevator doors, safe path planning, and motion estimation of a robot using RGB-D sensors in order to safely get on and off the elevator. The accurate pose of the elevator doors is recognized using a particle filter algorithm. After the elevator door is open, the robot builds an occupancy grid map including the internal environments of the elevator to generate a safe path. The safe path prevents collision with obstacles in the elevator. While the robot gets on and off the elevator, the robot uses the optical flow algorithm of the floor image to detect the state that the robot cannot move due to an elevator door sill. The experimental results in various experiments show that the proposed method enables the robot to get on and off the elevator safely.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.1139-1145
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• 2008

A robust position sensing system is proposed in this paper for a ubiquitous mobile robot which moves indoors as well as outdoors. The Differential GPS (DGPS) which has a position estimation error of less than 5 m is a general solution when the mobile robot is moving outdoor, while an active beacon system (ABS) with embedded ultrasonic sensors is reliable as an indoor positioning system. The switching from the outdoor to indoor or vice versa causes unstable measurements on account of the reference coordinates and algorithm changes. To minimize the switching time in the position estimation and to stabilize the measurement, a robust position sensing system is proposed. In the system, to minimize the switching delay, the door positions are stored and updated in a database. Using the database, the approaching status of the mobile robot from indoor to outdoor or vice versa has been checked and the switching conditions are prepared before the mobile robot actually moves out or moves into the door. The reliability and accuracy of the robust positioning system based on DGPS and ABS are verified and demonstrated through the real experiments using a mobile robot prepared for this research.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.745-750
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• 2010

Since the implementation of the LMO Law in Korea, the importance of the design qualification of BSL3 lab. is emphasizing. In this study, multizone simulation for three kind of biohazard scenarios using CONTAM is performed for design qualification of BSL3 lab. Also, in the case of unexpected spread of contaminants such as Influenza A virus(H1N1) in BL3 zone, the design qualification is carried out for diffusion and decontamination of contaminants according to differential pressure of BSL3 anteroom and door area of BSL3 lab. Also, in this study, appropriateness of laboratory room differential pressure and air flow rate to maintain pressure difference between laboratory rooms, and energy consumption due to air change rate variation according to door area in BL3 lab. Simulation results show that these approach methods are used as a tool for the design and verification of BL3 lab.