• Asia Pacific Journal of Business Review
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.17-35
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• 2017

This research is a case study that focuses on how conglomerate illegality and corresponding penalty affects corporate performance and strategy. The research aims to provide base information for policy-makers as well as the general public about the corporate environment. The analysis results can be summarized as follows. First, profitability is represented as an M-curve. Profitability falls from indictment to the final pronouncement of the corporate head and increases upon his or her return. The result suggests that the absence of a corporate head could result in low profitability as the firm is exposed to owner risk. Secondly, significant effects on investment were not found. Investment showed a continuous increase from indictment to final judgment. This could have resulted from investment decisions made prior to the indictment, which are generally long-term. Meanwhile, the rate at which investments rose for core subsidiaries were lower, which makes it reasonable to suspect dwindling executive capacity due to the absence of a corporate head. Thirdly, employment showed a slight increase, but the rate was found to be greater during the periods following the final judgment. From a political perspective, this increase can be inferred from a give-and-take tradeoff between corporate employment and the pardon of the corporate head.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.83-100
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• 2015

We analyze a duopoly competition when two firms face input cost increases. The objective of this study is to determine the firms' optimal strategy between a price increase and downsizing under conditions of a spatially differentiated market and consumers' diminishing utility on the product size. We develop a theoretical model of two competing firms offering homogenous products using the standard Hotelling model to determine how firms' optimal strategies change when facing input cost increases. In this paper, there are two types of duopoly competitions: symmetric and asymmetric. In the symmetric case, the two firms have the same marginal cost and are producing and selling identical products. In the asymmetric case, the two firms have different marginal costs. The results show that the optimal strategy decision depends on the size of the input cost increase and the cost differences between the two firms. We find that when two firms are asymmetric (i.e., they have different marginal costs), the two firms might choose asymmetric pairs of strategies in equilibrium under certain conditions. When the cost differences between the two firms are sufficiently large and the cost increase is sufficiently small, the cost leader chooses price increase, and the cost-disadvantaged firm chooses downsizing in equilibrium. This asymmetric strategy reduces price competition between two firms, and consumers are better off. When the cost differences between the two firms are sufficiently large, downsizing is the dominant strategy for the cost-disadvantaged firm. The cost-disadvantaged firm finds it more profitable to reduce the product size than to increase its price to reduce price competition, because consumers prefer downsizing to price increases. This paper might be a good starting point for further analytical research in this area.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.332-364
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• 2010

External linkages affect the performance of small and medium enterprises in diverse ways. This study delves into the impact of inter-organizational collaboration by looking at different facets of performance, such as innovation, sales growth, profit growth, and firm survival. In addition, it explores the influence of informal knowledge spillover from collaborative partners as well as from formal collaborations. The impact is carefully investigated by dividing firm samples into three different sectoral innovation categories: supplier-dominant, production-intensive, and science-based sector suggested by Pavitt (1984). The result highlights the different influence pattern of collaborative relations by partner types according to sectoral categories. The positive results of collaborating with universities and public institutions are identified, and the sales growth by customer linkage is witnessed. The impact is apparent in science-based sectors. The result implies that the risk associated with collaborating with competitors may be moderated by linking performance enhancing collaborative linkages with universities and government institutes.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.239-245
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• 1978

Recently, we experienced a case of rare neurilemmoma originated from intercostal nerve [9th] in the right chest wall in a 25 year old male officer. The tumor was incidentally found in the routine chest X ray, where the round well circumscribed mass tumor the ninth rib with notching and sclerotic margin, suggesting slowly growing benign benign of chest wall was revealed and the tumor mass was easily extirpated in the exploratory thoracotomy, with uneventful recovery. Grossly, the tumor was firm, partly soft and well circumscribed, measuring 4.5X3.0X 3.0 cm with yellowish smooth outer surface, attached with intercostal nerve trunk. Cut surface exhibits partly grayish white and largely hemorrhagic areas. Microscopically, the characteristic palisading arrangement of schwann cells and Verocay bodies are seen but dominant features are cystic degeneration and hemorrhage with organization and fibrosis. The sheath of intercostal nerve and capsule of neurilemmoma were con joined. There is no evidence of malignancy. The tumor was confirmed as neurilemmoma of intercostal nerve, Antony type B.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.58-73
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• 1999

The venture firms originating from the government-financed research institutes of Taeduk Science Town play a dominant role in Taejon. Those venture fm have the following characteristics. First, they are innovative in the growth stage, although not so innovative in the beginning stage. Second, they still largely depend on the domestic market because of their import-substitution strategy. Third, they mostly lack administrative capabilities. Finally, the infrastructure of venture firms is not good in spite of many supporting government policies. The efficient management of the existing business incubators, the establishment of special venture capital, and continuous supports by the incubating organizations should be warranted to encourage the spin-offs from the government- financed research institutes.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.313-317
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• 2014

A bitch was presented for investigation of the mass in left 5th mammary gland. The partial mastectomy was performed and submitted for the histopathological diagnosis. The mammary mass was firm and white colored. The cut surface was separated with several lobules and developed vessels. The central area of the mass formed the cavity filled with inflammatory exudates. The dominant component of the tumor was the bundles of spindle-shaped cells. Some tumor cells possessed atypical nuclei and were arranged in a solid nest. Cysts were microscopically composed of hemorrhage, necrosis, and exudates, partially surrounded by tumor cells and granulation tissues. Histopathologically, the mammary mass revealed spindle cell carcinoma. The bitch made a complete recovery following the mastectomy. This case was a rare mammary spindle cell carcinoma in a dog.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.145-173
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• 2016

This study aims to develop strategic diagnosis framework of performance by identifying and analysing the dynamics of the technology commercialization ecosystem in innovative region. To achieve the purpose of this study, the systems thinking approach is used. The systems thinking approach connects feedback structure and behavior more explicitly to diagnosis vicious feedback loop in the regional technology commercialization ecosystem. In terms of an ecological point of view, it will be possible to explore dominant feedback structure and find leverages to overcome the limitations of regional technology commercialization performance. The diagnosis of reenforcing and balancing feedback structure is based on the statistical analysis of the survey data which has been collected in a cluster random sampling method, targeting on the 200 firm located in the Pangyo and Daeduk region. The results from this research showed that the regional technology commercialization ecosystem was immature and faced limit to the growth. An important finding of this study was that regional technology commercialization ecosystem need to activation of startups and reinforcement of virtuous feedback structures of technology commercialization market systems.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.12-19
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• 2020

Purpose - Strategic causes for the failure include unrealistic growth, overexpansion, unfamiliar new markets, volume obsession, unrealistic promises and poor project selection. Organizational causes are insufficient capital and profits, lack of business knowledge, poor financial management, poor sales skills, inadequate marketing, poor leadership, poor leadership transfer, project losses, poor field performance and owner bankruptcy. Uncontrollable causes include industry and economic weakness and banking and surety changes. While helpful, the list provides insufficient clarity regarding the causal roots of failure. Research design, data and methodology - The research framework to organize the information involved with many of the recent and large failures in the industry. Results - This research then identified five dominant root causes - excessive egoism, poor strategic leadership, too much change, loss of discipline and inadequate capitalization. Conclusion - Finally, additional input from external forces may accelerate the firm's pace to failure. It is important on the development of diagnostic tools that are based on this model and that will provide new ways to assess a conglomerate's level of risk for incurring a financial crisis.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.27-42
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• 2015

The aim of this research is to investigate the difference in the capturing opportunities for each type of venture companies in the industry undergoing competition of a dominant design and then figure out the reason why they can be successful. Existing studies on venture companies are focused on the way to enhance a firm's competencies by acquiring and combining its resources. However, it is important for startups which have a lack of resources and capabilities to capture the opportunity to survive by understanding a changing environment. This study is focused on opportunity capture and strategic response to a changing environment and attempts to select and observe startup companies which are able to capture the opportunity and enter the market in the industry undergoing dominant design competition. In order to find out its difference in different types of business, we select one case from hardware startups and the other from software startups. According to the result of this study, the hardware startup focuses on market extension by lowering their prices and the software startup strives to induce more users to participate by the universalization of enabling technology so as to extend and standardize their technology in the environment undergoing dominant design competition. This feature of environment leads the difference in the approach for successfully capturing opportunity and thus hardware firms need to recognize the opportunity with profit potential from relationship with a number of cooperative firms while software firms need to identify the opportunity for extension of enabling technology which can be used by many users.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.509-526
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• 2008

This paper aims to examine the evolutionary dynamics of the Korea's footwear industry by adopting evolutionary perspectives. To explain the evolutionary dynamics of an industry, evolutionary perspectives have paid a particular attention to exploring a variety of factors for influencing the evolution of the industry, such as the selection and imitation of the firm, the mechanism of firm's entry and exit, technological characteristics and innovation processes. The majority of existing research tend to explain that the decline of the Korea's footwear industry since 1990 was mostly due to the rapid rising of wage and the structural changes in labor-intensive industries. On the contrary, this paper attempts to explain the decline of the Korea's footwear industry, in terms of the path of selection and imitation, the dominant technological paradigm, regulatory frameworks and the meso trajectory of industry evolution. This paper concludes that the decline of the Korea's footwear industry since 1990 was appeared as a result of the evolutionary selection processes of the firms in order to adapt to changes in the environment of competition and the regime of market selection in the global footwear industry.