• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.63-70
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• 2014

Process of recognizing objects in binary images consists of image segmentation and pattern matching. If binary objects in the image are assumed to be separated, global features such as area, length of perimeter, or the ratio of the two can be used to recognize the objects in the image. However, if such an assumption is not valid, the global features can not be used but local features such as points or line segments should be used to recognize the objects. In this paper points with large curvature along the perimeter are chosen to be the feature points, and pairs of points selected from them are used as local features. Similarity of two local features are defined using elastic deformation energy for making the lengths and angles between gradient vectors at the end points same. Neighbour support value is defined and used for robust recognition of partially occluded binary objects. An experiment on Kimia-25 data showed that the proposed algorithm runs 4.5 times faster than the maximum clique algorithm with same recognition rate.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.60-67
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of DISC behavioral style on the knowledge and clinical performance of nursing students. The subjects of the study were nursing students in the fourth grade of university and the data collection period was from March 2015 to December 2016. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0. DISC behavioral style analysis showed that 10.6% were dominant, 33.8% were influence, and 48.5% were steadiness and 7.1% were conscientiousness. Knowledge score in accordance with the measured points of DISC behavioral style did not show differences in the first, but did show differences in the second and third. Conversely, clinical performance score in accordance with the measurement points of DISC behavioral style showed differences in the first, second and third.Knowledge and clinical performance scores revealed significant differences in the interactions between the groups, between measurement points and between groups and measurement points. As a result, DISC behavioral style of nursing college students vary, with each having merits and demerits. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an opportunity to understand these points and to develop merits in order to improve the learning outcomes of the curriculum.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.442-449
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• 2016

The goal of this study is to provide basic data to establish a foundation for the provision of safe drinkable water. The raw water of natural mineral water was analyzed to determine the quantities of anions (F^-, Cl^-, NO_3-N^-, and SO₄^2- ) and cations (Ca²⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺, and Na⁺) during the former and latter half of 2016. Analysis of the current quality of the raw water of natural mineral water among domestic manufacturers showed average anions contents of 0.46mg/L of fluorine, 8mg/L of chlorine ion, 1.5mg/L of nitrate nitrogen, and 12mg/L of sulfate ion. While the fluorine content was greater than the water quality criterion of 2.0mg/L at four points, the fluorine level was overall stable. The average cations contents included 21.3mg/L of calcium, 1.0mg/L of potassium, 3.4mg/L of magnesium, and 9.6mg/L of sodium. The chemical characteristics were compared among the major ions, and the results are presented in a piper diagram. The content ratio of cations was in the order of Ca²⁺> Na⁺>Mg²⁺>K⁺, whereas that of anions was in the order of SO₄^2->Cl^->NO_3-N^->F^-. While the cations were slightly scattered, the anions were generally concentrated except for at a few points. The Ca-Na-HCO₃ type was dominant overall in water sources from diorite, gneiss, and granite, while the Na-Mg-Ca-HCO₃-Cl type was dominant in basalt sources. Mineral water manufacturers source their water under various conditions, including in-hole casing, excavation depth, and contact state of bedrock; even within the same rocky area, some differences in the water quality type can occur. When the depth of the water source was taken into account, the mean anions contents of F^-, Cl^-, NO_3-N^-, and SO₄^2- were similar, with no significant differences according to depth. Of the cations, K⁺ and Na⁺ showed no significant differences across all the tubular wells, whereas Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ decreased in content with depth.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TE
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.34-43
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• 2002

In this paper, with the reference of the pulse wave acquired by the pulse-checking device, it is measured the impedance on the key measuring points of the 12 kyungmaks of the human body's left and right by using 24-channels Yangdorak machine. Then, based on the Fuzzy theory, this study diagnosed the each meridian's strength and weakness. After that, both the strengthening and weakening stimulus of magnetic fields are applied to the dominant direction to find out how the degree of strength and weakness of the meridian changed. Ultimately, the magnetic therapy that can stimulate the magnetic field at the time of diagnosis and thereby balancing the interactive of five-system(O-hang) have been materialized. For the stimulation of magnetic fields, a stimulating device which can change the direction and time on a specific part of the key measuring points of the limbs of 24 kyungmaks have been developed and used. The therapeutic methods are as follows. First, the strength and weakness of the meridian have been determined. Second, both the extremely weak meridian of Yin(Shade) and Yang(Shine), and the extremely strong meridian of Yin and Yang were adjusted by applying appropriate ascending and descending stimuli respectively. All these adjusting processes can now be carried out automatically on a personal computer(PC). 

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.82-92
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• 2004

Farm working also needs most of the labor on the weed management of the levee. Then, the research which controlled the weed in the weed was promoted in order to reduce this weed management. Required conditions for the levee vegetation from the viewpoint of the weed management are the following 4 points. (1) the prevention of erosion and landslide, (2) the improvement in the workability at the mowing, (3) the improvement and maintenance of the rural landscape, (4) the accessibility. Next, the plants becoming dominant species in devastated land and slope of river banks were compared through these 4 conditions, and the utility was examined. As the result, Imperata cylindrica Beauv., Shibataea kumasaca Nakai, Sasaella kogasensis Nakai var. gracillima S. Suzuki and Hedera canariensis Willd, seemed to be usable. Finally, weed management method for connecting for the reduction in the mowing work using these plants was presented.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 2007

This study examined the effects of hold-relax with agonist contraction (HR-AC) on the symptoms of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) induced by intensive eccentric exercise of the non-dominant biceps brachii. Ten men (mean age=26.7 yrs, mean height=172.1 cm, mean weight=66.2 kg) and ten women (mean age=27.4 yrs, mean height=165.9 cm, mean weight=60.7 kg) who had not participated in a regular exercise program for the upper extremities in the previous six months were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups: the HR-AC group, or the control group. We measured joint range of motion (ROM), maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), and muscle soreness before eccentric exercise, and 24, 48, and 72 hours after eccentric exercise. The subjects in the HR-AC group received the HR-AC technique in the non-dominant biceps brachii. The HR-AC technique was applied 24 and 48 hours after eccentric exercise. There was no significant difference between the HR-AC and the control group. However, the HR-AC group, compared to the control group, had a significant difference between the time points of the various parameters. Increased ROM (p<.05), decreased muscle soreness (p<.05), and reduced MVIC (p<.05) were found in the HR-AC group after 72 hours. Decreased ROM (p<.05) and MVIC (p<.05), and increased muscle soreness (p<.05) were observed in the control group. These findings suggest that the HR-AC technique effectively reduces muscle soreness and increases ROM 72 hours after eccentric exercise.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.621-628
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• 2008

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate changes of gastric vagal nerve activity and pyloric valve function after execution of combination treatments of both electroacupuncture at Zusanli(ST36) and manual acupuncture at other acupoints in patient with functional dyspepsia. Methods : Bowel sounds of 49 patients (18 male, 31 female) were recorded and their % of bowel sound (%BS) and ratio of dominant frequency (DF) were analyzed. Postprandial %BS was used to indicate the gastric vagal activity after eating. Ratio of postprandial/fasting dominant frequency was used to present the degree of pyloric valve function. According to values of %BS and DF ratio, each patient was classified into normal or abnormal (<6 %BS, hypoactivity: <1 DF ratio, dysfunction) group. For 2 weeks, patients received a treatment consisting of both electroacupuncture stimulation at Zusanli (ST36) and acupuncture at other meridian points. Variation of parameters shifting normal to abnormal or abnormal to normal was observed, and total cure rate was calculated. Results : Total cure rate of %BS was 16%, and that of DF was 37%. Patients who improved to normal value from abnormal or aggravated to abnormal level showed both significant difference in both vagal nerve hypoactivity and pyloric valve dysfunction, respectively. Conclusions : Analysis of bowel sound might be useful to evaluate both gastric vagal nerve activity and pyloric valve function. Combination effects of Zusanli (ST36) electroacupuncture and manual acupuncture of other acupoints showed a bidirectional effect in which their activity and function were in general improved. sometimes from aggravated to abnormal level.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.14
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• pp.5673-5679
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• 2014

Background: Previous published data on the association between CYP1A2 rs762551, rs2069514, rs2069526, and rs2470890 polymorphisms and lung cancer risk have not allowed a definite conclusion. The present meta-analysis of the literature was performed to derive a more precise estimation of the relationship. Materials and Methods: 8 publications covering 23 studies were selected for this meta-analysis, including 1,665 cases and 2,383 controls for CYP1A2 rs762551 (from 8 studies), 1,456 cases and 1,792 controls for CYP1A2 rs2069514 (from 7 studies), 657 cases and 984 controls for CYP1A2 rs2069526 (from 5 studies) and 691 cases and 968 controls for CYP1A2 rs2470890 (from 3 studies). Results: When all the eligible studies were pooled into the meta-analysis for the CYP1A2 rs762551 polymorphism, significantly increased lung cancer risk was observed in the dominant model (OR=1.21, 95 % CI=1.00-1.46). In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, significantly increased risk of lung cancer was observed in Caucasians (dominant model: OR=1.29, 95%CI=1.11-1.51; recessive model: OR=1.33, 95%CI=1.01-1.75; additive model: OR=1.49, 95%CI=1.12-1.98). There was no evidence of significant association between lung cancer risk and CYP1A2 rs2069514, s2470890, and rs2069526 polymorphisms. Conclusions: In summary, this meta-analysis indicates that the CYP1A2 rs762551 polymorphism is linked to an increased lung cancer risk in Caucasians. Moreover, our work also points out the importance of new studies for rs2069514 associations in lung cancer, where at least some of the covariates responsible for heterogeneity could be controlled, to obtain a more conclusive understanding about the function of the rs2069514 polymorphism in lung cancer development.

• Archives of design research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.85-94
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• 1999

It is very signigicant to study a dominant drift of the contemporary formative art. And it's research not only gives us a great pleasure of study but also will be a big help for designers to study how the dominant drift of the contemporary art has developed thereafter, and what it has influenced upon the following formative movement of it. In this sense I think I cannot emphasize it too strong that I gave a subtitle 'Especially analyzed in War and Peace' do my paper because we can find a real aspect of the formative movement rather by sociological point of view than by formative art itself. In this sense, 1 selected Art Deoo as a thesis of research among other things because Art Deco developed socially in respond to general pressure to adapt to modem World, specially, was a stage in an already burgeoning revolution in the decorative arts. Through this sociological point of view on Art Deco I found lots of things worthwhile to research it Art Deco, which I think shows us a special aspect of the sandwich culture between both world wars in Europe, played the important role of a bridge likning its peculiar style with those of contemporary arts in Europe. In this paper the sociological research of Art Deco style will reveal what the European's emotions meant in the socio-psychological circumstances of Deco between both world wars, and where the peculiarity of Art Deco style came from, and especially why the colors of Art Deco was so gorgeous as called 'color for color's sake'. I tried to put the importance of research of Art Deco largely on the sociological or socio-psychological points of view not on the only formative viewpoints. I could draw a conclusion that Art Deco has a contradictive duplicity in its style that can be expressible in a word like 'naivety in gorgeousness, simplicity in complexity, orderliness in confusion, and peacefulness in noisiness'.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.220-230
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• 2006

Fracture behavior of a monolithic PZT and a plate-type piezoelectric composite actuator (PCA) has been investigated under a bending load at three points by an acoustic emission (AE) monitoring. AE signal from a monolithic PZT at the maximum bending load shows the characteristics of high amplitude and long duration with a low frequency band of $100{\sim}230kHz$ which is confirmed by fast Fourier transform (FFT). For a PCA, it is concluded that AE signals with high amplitude over 80dB and low dominant frequency band of $170{\sim}223kHz$ emitted in the stage I are due to the brittle fracture in the PZT layer and the delamination between the PZT layer and the adjacent fiber composite layer. Based on the above analysis of AE behavior and damage observations with an optical microscopy and a scanning electron microscopy, AE characteristics related to fracture behavior of asymmetrically laminated PCA have been elucidated.