• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.29-41
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• 2004

The patterns of mother-child personality match were investigated in the study. Further, the impact of goodness-of-fit between mother′s and child′s personality on maternal childrearing behaviors, child′s self-esteem, and child′s emotional intelligence was explored. The participants of this study were 1,060 fifth graders and their mothers from four different cities(Seoul. Suwon, Daejon, and Daegu). Six patterns of mother-child personality match were derived through cluster analysis and discriminant analysis. The most harmonious pattern in which maternal childrearing behavior was positive and child′s self-esteem and emotional intelligence were high appeared between mothers and children with high "stability" and "superiority" The least harmonious pattern was shown for the mothers with low "responsibility" and "reflectiveness" and high "dominance′and "sociability", and the children with low "stability" and "superiority".

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.879-889
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• 2008

Community structure of benthic macroinvertebrates was investigated from Gigye stream, Pohang, Korea from May to November, 2007. As results, total of 108 species of macroinvertebrates under 49 families, 15 orders, 5 classes in 3 phyla were identified. The number of species was the most abundantly revealed in aquatic insects (class Insecta) with 86 species (82.6%) under 7 orders. The phylum Mollusca (10 species, 9.2%) and the phylum Annelida (6 species, 5.6%) were followed in order. In the class Crustacea, 6 species (5.6%) were distributed. In aquatic insects, the order Odonata was the most abundant taxon (20 species, 23.3%). Seventeen species (19.8%) of the order Ephemeroptera and 16 species (18.6%) of the Coleoptera were followed. The primary dominant species in the stream was Cloeon dipterum of Ephemeroptera. For community analysis, the values of diversity index (H'), evenness index (J'), dominance index (DI) and richness index (RI) were studied and the average values of them were 5.65, 0.84, 0.13, and 13.18, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.1413-1421
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• 2016

In this paper graphical exploratory data analyses are proposed for ball games in sports. The plot of sequence of scoring points of each team can be used to see how the playing game has been processed until the end of each set or quarter. With the plot of sequential score differences through all the games we can see a dominance of each team and the times of score changes, i.e., turnovers. The ternary plots show the contours of scoring compositions for each player and enable us to compare the scoring patterns of each team if any. Using the score sequence plot we also can see the score pattern distribution of players. For demonstration we use the results of the gold medal match between Russia and Brazil for men's volleyball and between USA and Spain for men's basketball at the London 2012 Summer Olympics.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.205-214
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• 1985

At the Changnyeung natural bod, the flood in the freshwater wetland and the adaptation of the insect at this area were investigated by the species diversity index and the cluster analysis. Most dominant species was Diplonychus esakii collected at the site of the water edge and its dominance index was 0.797. This area had lower species diversity indices with the value of 0.340 to 1.712 than that of the grassland and water stream. The number of the species in this area was not rich. Some ground beetles inhabited at the flooded or wet area were important species for the pair group between the sites by the cluster analysis. The composition of the insect species at this natural wetland affected by the irregular flood was very simple and specific.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.505-515
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• 2015

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of stream nutrient regime, N:P ratios and suspended solids on fish tolerance/trophic compositions and stream ecosystem health, based on multi-metric model, during 2008-2013. Also, stream ecosystem health was evaluated in relation to chlorophyll-a (CHL) as a measure of algal productivity or indicators of trophic state to water chemical parameters. Total number of sampled fish species were 50 and showed a decreasing trend from 2008 to 2013. The minnow of Zacco platypus, based on the catch per unit effort (CPUE), was the most dominant species (25.9%) among the all species. Spatial heterogeneity was evident in the fish tolerance guilds that showed the dominance of sensitive species (89%) in the headwaters (S1) and the dominance of tolerant species (57%) in the urban. These conditions were directly influenced by concentrations of nutrients and organic matter (COD). The N:P ratios, as a barometer of water pollution, had a negative linear function (R² = 0.40, P < 0.01) with CHL, and the ratios had an important role in changes of COD concentration (R² = 0.40, P < 0.01). Under the circumstances, the N:P ratio directly influenced the relative proportions of fish trophic/tolerance compositions. According to the regression analysis of omnivore (O_m) and insectivore sp. (I_n) on total nitrogen and total phosphorus, nitrogen had no significant influences (P > 0.05) to the two compositions, but phosphorus influenced directly the two guilds [slope (a) = -32.3, R² = 0.25, P < 0.01 in the I_n; a = 40.7, R² = 0.19, P < 0.01 in the O_m]. Such water chemistry and fish trophic guilds determined the stream ecosystem health, based on the multi-metric fish model.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.118-128
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• 2005

Surface sediment samples from 31 stations in Jinhae Bay were analyzed to evaluate the pollution by sewage from the spatial distribution of the fecal sterol, coprostanol. The sums of eight sterols (coprostanol, epicholestanol, epicoprostanol, cholesterol, cholestanol, brassicasterol, stigmasterol and $\beta$-sitosterol) were in the range of $2,703-27,154{\cal}ng/{\cal}g$ dry weight. The concentrations of the coprostanol in the sediments, which is a good tracer of sewage-derived organic contamination, were in the range of $76-3,964{\cal}ng/{\cal}g$ dry weight. The levels of coprostanol were much higher (almost one order of magnitude) at stations close to the big cities such as Masan and Jinhae. However, those levels were comparable to or lower than those previously reported in other foreign locations. Some ratios of coprostanol to other sterols and multivariate analysis could provide us with the information on the origin of the sterols being from sewage, plankton, and/or benthos. Those showed sewage dominance at the stations near the cities Masan and Jinhae, plankton dominance at the center of Jinhae Bay and mainly marine fauna origin at the mouth of Jinhae Bay. These results suggest that the contents of sterols and some ratios of these components are quite powerful tracer for the detection of the origin of the organic contaminants in the coastal environments.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.33-40
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• 2012

The major purpose of this study is to examine the moderating role of affect intensity, an important individual difference variable, upon affect formation based upon PAD framework from the experience of some dimensions of tavel aency or company. Research findings from the analysis of empirical data are as follow. First of all, four factors of customer's experience of travel agency(Resposiveness; Courtesy; Competency; Differentiation) are related to three affect represented by PAD framework(Pleasure; Arousal; Dominance). Moreover factors of experiences have differential influence upon formation of affective responses. Secondly, customers' Affect Intensity has moderating effects upon the formation of affects by the experience from dimensions of travel agency. The third finding is that the affect induced by travel agency has differential influence upon the formation of attitude toward travel agency and the formation of intention of repurchase of the travel service from that agency.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.126-132
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• 1992

This experiment was conducted to examine estimates of heterosis, degree of dominance, heritability and phenotypic and genotypic correlation for several mutant characters in flue-cured tobacco variety. Significant heterosis was noted, recording 2.73 and 6.16% for leaf width, -6.86 and -4.72 for leaf shape index, 19.8 and 23.4% for bacterial wilt disease index in Fl an4 F2 generation, respectively, and -1.44 for days to flower in F2 generation. And also leaf width was appeared partial dominance in Fl, and leaf shape index in Fl and F2, Leaf width in F2 was appeared overdominance. Estimated heritabilities in the broad sense ranged from 0.77 to 0.87 for plant and stalk height and days to flower, while those of leaf number, leaf length and width, leaf shape index and bacterial wilt disease index ranged from 0.50 to 0.65. And the heritabilities in the narrow sense were appeared 0.64 and 0.72 for stalk and plant height, respectively, and the others were ranged from 0.32 to 0.47 Positive genotpic correlations appeared among plant height, stalk height, leaf length and leaf width, and between leaf shape index ands day to flower. And negative genotypic correlations appeared between leaf shape index and plant height and stalk height and leaf width, and between bacterial wilt disease index and leaf length.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.111-123
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• 2012

To understand the phytoplankton community in the eastern part of the Yellow Sea (EYS), in the summer, field survey was conducted at 25 stations in June 2009, and water samples were analyzed using a epifluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry and HPLC method. The EYS could be divided into four areas by a cluster analysis, using phytoplankton group abundances: coastal mixing area, Anma-do area, transition water, and the central Yellow Sea. In the coastal mixing area, water column was well mixed vertically, and phytoplankton was dominated by diatoms, chrysophytes, dinoflagellates and nanoflagellates, showing high abundance ($>10^5\;cells\;l^{-1}$). In Anma-do coastal waters characterized by high dominance of dinoflagellates, high phytoplankton abundance and biomass separated from other coastal mixing area. The southeastern upwelling area was expanded from Jin-do to Heuksan-do, by a tidal mixing and coastal upwelling in the southern area of Manjae-do, and phytoplankton was dominated by benthic diatoms, nanoflagellates and Synechococcus group in this area. Phytoplankton abundance and biomass dominated by pico- and nanophytoplankton were low values in the transition waters and the central Yellow Sea. In the surface of the central Yellow Sea, high dominance of photosynthetic pigments, 19'-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin and zeaxanthin implies that haptophytes and cyanobacteria could be the dominant group during the summer. These results indicate that the phytoplankton communities in the EYS were significantly affected by the formation of tidal front, thermal stratification, and coastal upwelling showing the differences of physical and chemical characteristics during the summer.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.157-164
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• 2013

Depending on season, mixed wastewater can show great deviations in terms of the influent ratios of tannery and seafood-wastewater. Increases in the ratio of tannery wastewater in influent water also result in increases in the concentration of chromium, which decreases the ratio of BOD/T-N so that the removal efficiency of organic and nitrogen pollutants in biological wastewater treatment deteriorates. No substantial differences occur in the ratios of Eubacteria/total bacteria as the ratio between tannery wastewater and seafood wastewater changes in the influent water. In contrast, the cell numbers and activities of Eubacteria and total bacteria significantly decline with increasing ratios of tannery wastewater in the influent water. Stable removal of organic and nitrogen pollutants by biological wastewater treatments leads to dominance of Proteobacteria groups in all biological treatment basins. In aeration and oxic basins, ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria account for approximately 21% of the Eubacteria groups, at $1.9{\times}10^9{\sim}2.0{\times}10^9$ cells/mL, while in an anoxic basin, ${\beta}$-Proteobacteria account for approximately 19% of the Eubacteria groups, at $1.3{\times}10^9$ cells/mL. However, a substantial decline in dominance of approximately 11% occurs for ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria in aeration and oxic basins and about 1% for ${\beta}$-Proteobacteria in an anoxic basin. Mixed wastewater that undergoes extensive property changes of the influent water shows an efficiency of biological treatment that is greatly influenced by the ratio of dominant Proteobacteria groups.