• 산경연구논집
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to find out research directions for distribution and fusion and complex field to many domestic and foreign researchers carrying out related academic research by confirming research trends in the Journal of Distribution Science (JDS). Research Design, Data, and Methodology - To do this, I used keywords from a total of 904 papers published in the JDS excluding 19 papers that were not presented with keywords among 923. The analysis utilized word clouding, topic modeling, and weighted frequency analysis using the R program. Results - As a result of word clouding analysis, customer satisfaction was the most utilized keyword. Topic modeling results were divided into ten topics such as distribution channels, communication, supply chain, brand, business, customer, comparative study, performance, KODISA journal, and trade. It is confirmed that only the service quality part is increased in the weighted frequency analysis result of applying to the year group. Conclusion - The results of this study confirm that the JDS has developed into various convergence and integration researches from the past studies limited to the field of distribution. However, JDS's identity is based on distribution. Therefore, it is also necessary to establish identity continuously through special editions of fields related to distribution.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.104-114
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• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to review the effectiveness of fire needling treatment for knee osteoarthritis in comparison with manual acupuncture treatment. Methods : Through four foreign online databases (PubMed, Cochrane library, EMBASE, and CNKI) and five domestic online databases (NDSL, RISS, KISS, OASIS, and KTKP), we searched for clinical studies that performed fire needling treatment for knee osteoarthritis until May 10, 2019. Only randomized controlled trials were selected and we assessed the risk of bias according to the Cochrane RoB criteria. This review examined the selected studies into first author, publication year, sample size, outcome measurements, results, acupoints, treatment time & period and so on. Results : A total of 7 RCTs were selected in this review and all were conducted in China. Treatment period of more than 4 weeks and treatment visits of 10 to 20 times were the most common. EX-LE4 and ST35 (=EX-LE5) acupoints were most frequently selected in treatment. Among the evaluation indexes, a total efficacy rate was used the most. Most of fire needling groups showed more significant results compared with the manual acupuncture groups statistically. Conclusions : All studies showed that fire needling treatments for knee osteoarthritis were more effective than manual acupuncture treatments statistically. Therefore, the results of this study could be utilized as a preliminary data for another clinical research on fire needling treatment for knee osteoarthritis. However, further well-designed randomized controlled trials will be needed to develop sufficient evidence about the effectiveness and safety of fire needling treatment for knee osteoarthritis in the future.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.266-295
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• 1974

The purpose of this study is to make a contribution to the effective management of medical literature in Korean libraries and specifically to help to select medical books and periodicals by determining the value and life of medical literature by means of citation counting and analysis. This report will present methods of calculation and data collection to measure the importance, half life of medical literature and the authority of author for Korean medical libraries. The writer conducted comparative studies based on data covering a two-year period, 1970-1971, using about 16,899 citations in 1,032 articles of the above journals. The references and citations are counted and analyzed by the number of authors, periodicals. books and publication dates. By the following ratio. calculated by the citation counting and analysis, we can decide the rates of medical periodicals to books, foreign literature to domestic literature and literature of the most numerously cited. authors, for the selecting method of Korean Medical libraries. (1) It is disclosed that 61 main authors are cited 9 times. Most of them are Western authors, they are cited 14,374 times which represents 88.6 % of the total citations. (2) The cited medical literature is classified as follows: The ratio of cited medical periodicals to the cited medical books is 82.0%. (The books at a rate of 18.0%.) Therefore, the wnter concentrated the efforts on the analysis of periodicals. (3) Classification of the periodicals by countries indicates that about 11.2% of total citations are made from Korean medical literature. The medical activities in Korea are dependent on the advanced foreign countries at ratio of 88.8%. Of the foreign medical periodicals cited, Japanese literature represents only 4.5% while literature of European countries and America constitutes 84.3%. (4) If medical journals are arranged in order of decreasing productivity of articles on a given subject, they may be revealed that it is necessary to have 98 titles of key journals to cover 60% of information in the field of medical science and 60 titles for an average of 50%. (5) For the purpose of measuring the life of medical literature in Korea, the writer has calculated the half lives of periodicals and books as follows: Kinds of Literature 1. Periodicals 2. Books 3. Whole literature Half-lives 7.75 years 4.11 years 6.37 years (6) The half lives of domestic and Japanese literature in the medical science are comparatively short.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.141-148
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• 2022

한국의 ROTC 제도는 유능한 초급장교 충원과 평시부터 예비전력 확보를 위해 1961년에 미국으로부터 도입되었다. 하지만 2000년대 접어들어 저출산에 따른 학령인구 및 병역자원의 감소, 병 복무기간까지 단축되는 획득환경의 변화로 지원율이 점점 하락하는 심각한 위기에 직면하게 되었다. 따라서 본 연구는 이러한 획득환경의 변화와 그에 따른 지원율 감소의 원인을 분석하여 조직편성 및 운영체계를 중심으로 ROTC 제도 개선방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구방법은 국내‧외 문헌연구를 통해 미국과 한국의 ROTC 제도에 관한 사례 간 비교기법을 적용하였다. 이론적 측면에서는 지식기반사회에서 조직의 성과달성과 비교경쟁우위 확보를 위해 기업경영에 적용하고 있는 전략적 인적자원관리를 이론적 준거로 삼았다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제46권
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• pp.61-104
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• 2010

The purpose of this work aims to analyse the principles of good faith under international transaction with CLOUT and UNILEX cases. Article 7(1) CISG sets the stage for the interpretation by promoting a uniform approach using good faith and the international charter of the convention. In other words, article 7(1) defines the purpose and the principle of interpretation and is applied to the Convention as a whole. As such, it also includes article 7(2), which goes beyond the big picture and settles the problems of gap filling. It is also important to understanding that the mandate of the CISG is to look for a solution, which is not only restricted to interpretation but extends to solving a problem. The problem in this work is to find out how gap filling is achieved and, because of the autonomous mandate of interpretation, to explain and understand its relationship with domestic law. The solution to the interpretation of article 7(2) must be found within the four corners of the CISG. To restate, article 7(2) describes two situations where gap filling is needed. First, if the matter is governed by the Convention but not expressly settled, then a gap must be filled in conformity with general principles on which it is based. Second, if the matter is not covered then the gap must be filled taking domestic law into consideration. There are two reasons why a matter may not be covered by the Convention. First and most obviously, it has been specifically exclude from the sphere of Application by the CISG itself, such as validity in article 4. Second, changes in business methods will lead to gaps. The United Nations has established a service known as CLOUT. This contains abstracts of hundreds of selected decisions of both courts and arbitration tribunals. And UNILEX is cosponsored by the Italian Centre for Comparative and Foreign Law Studies and UNIDROIT Contract Principles. The cases are in abstract format, but, when available, the full text of the case in the original language is also supplied.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.226-236
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• 2021

Objectives: Concerns have been raised about the possible health effects of radon on both workers and consumers with the spread of social attention to the impact of radon exposure. Thus, an entire raw material handling workshop was investigated, and standards for radon levels in the workplace were newly established at 600 Bq/m³. However, regulations on the management of workers exposed to radon are still insufficiently developed. Therefore, by comparative analysis of overseas and domestic radon-related regulations for workplaces, this study aims to suggest improvement plans of protection regulations under the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act) for the prevention of health disorders of radon-exposed workers. Methods: For overseas case studies, we consulted radon-related laws and reports officially published on the websites of the European Union (EU), the United States (U.S.) and the United Kingdom (UK) government agencies. Domestic law studies were conducted mainly on the Act on Protective Action Guidelines against Radiation in the Natural Environment and the OSH Act. Results: In Europe, the basic safety standards for protection against risks arising from radon (Council Directive 2013/59/EURATOM of 5 December 2013) was established by the EU. They recommend that the Member States manage radon level in workplaces based on this criterion. In the U.S., the standards for workplaces are controlled by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA). Action on radon in the UK is specified in "Radon in the workplace" published by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE). Conclusions: The Act on Protective Action Guidelines against Radiation in the Natural Environment mainly refers to the management of workplaces that use or handle raw materials but does not have any provisions in terms of protecting naturally exposed workers. In the OSH Act, it is necessary to define whether radon is included in radiation for that reason that its current regulations have limitations in ensuring the safety workers who may be exposed to naturally occurring radon. The management standards are needed for workplaces that do not directly deal with radon but are likely to be exposed to radon. We propose that this could be specified in the regulations for the prevention of health damage caused by radiation, not in Article 125 of the OSH Act.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.353-365
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• 2020

국내·외 무역을 위한 해상운송의 양적증가는 선박 및 해양오염사고 증가의 주요한 원인 중 하나이다. 선박에 의한 해양오염사고 예방 및 경감을 위한 각국의 관련 법·제도 시행에도 불구하고, 선박 종사자에 의한 인적과실(부주의·고의 등)이 해양오염사고 발생의 가장 큰 원인으로 보고되고 있다. 선박 기인 해양오염사고 경감에 가장 효과적인 방법 중 하나는 선박 종사자에 대한 체계적인 교육·훈련을 통해 인적과실을 줄이는 것이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 「해양환경관리법」 등의 국내법령에 근거하여 시행 중인 선박 해양오염방지관리인에 대한 법정 교육·훈련 교육과정의 적절성을 검토하고 개선방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 법·제도가 우리나라와 유사한 일본의 해양오염 및 해상재해 방지 관련 법정교육·일반교육 과정과 비교·분석을 수행하였으며, 우리나라에서 시행 중인 육상오염방지 및 안전관리 담당 전문가에 대한 법정교육 사례를 조사·검토하였다.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.57-81
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to seek ways to improve the competitiveness of Korea's fashion industry by utilizing the source of competitiveness of Japan's fashion industry, which represents the world's leading countries in terms of fashion, so that Korea can better enter the global fashion market. The study shall first compare the competitiveness of the Japanese and Korean fashion industries by utilizing the generalized double diamond model; second, provide an understanding of what the Japanese fashion industry can offer to Korean fashion industry and companies - that is, understand what the Japanese fashion industry's competitive edge is; and third, study the kind of global competitiveness that Korea's fashion industry must achieve. To adopt a generalized double diamond model to compare the competitiveness of the Korean and Japanese fashion industries, we selected 31 sub-variables to act as determinants of the model. That is, we extracted 31sub-variables by doing research of literature to analyze national competitiveness of the fashion industries. To measure these 31 sub-variables, secondary data was gathered. We collected data related to each sub-variable from various sources of Korea and Japan. And to calculate the competitiveness index, we took three steps with reference to previous studies. We found that status of the fashion industry of the two countries as it stands. That is, Japan is an advanced country of which fashion industry is domestic market-oriented while Korea is a small open economy that mainly focuses on the foreign market. Out of 31 proxy variables, Korea's fashion industry shows higher measurements relating to production and export than Japan, but Japan's fashion industry reports higher measurements than Korea in the fields of R&D, design and brand power, the rate of value added, the efficiency of companies and globalization. In order for Korea's fashion industry to achieve competitiveness in the global market, it should pursue the following development direction. First, it is very difficult for Korea to follow the footsteps of the U.S. and Japanese fashion industries that are able to take advantage of economies of scale, because Korea is smaller than those countries. Therefore, in the case of small economies such as Singapore, strengthening of international activities will practically improve domestic determinants that Korea should improve its domestic diamond by enhancing the current competitiveness of its international diamond. In other words, Korea needs to further endeavor to develop and expand global resources and markets as well as improve its competitiveness in terms of R&D, design and brand power, the rate of value-added, and the efficiency of companies. As the Korean fashion industry shows relatively advanced level of information technology and the fashion education system, it has considerable potential to grow. Korea is expected to have a huge growth potential since it has relatively higher level of information technology, fashion education system and activities than those of Japan in both the domestic diamond and international diamond. In particular, a better environment is laid out before Korea to gain competitiveness in the fashion industry due to the recently growing influence of the Korean Wave that Korea is expected to grow as a leader in the Asian market as well as in the global market.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.130-140
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• 2017

Background: With the need for a domestic level 3 probabilistic safety assessment (PSA), it is essential to develop a Korea-specific code. Health effect assessments study radiation-induced impacts; in particular, long-term health effects are evaluated in terms of cancer risk. The objective of this study was to analyze the latest cancer risk models developed by foreign organizations and to compare the methodology of how they were developed. This paper also provides suggestions regarding the development of Korean cancer risk models. Materials and Methods: A review of cancer risk models was carried out targeting the latest models: the NUREG model (1993), the BEIR VII model (2006), the UNSCEAR model (2006), the ICRP 103 model (2007), and the U.S. EPA model (2011). The methodology of how each model was developed is explained, and the cancer sites, dose and dose rate effectiveness factor (DDREF) and mathematical models are also described in the sections presenting differences among the models. Results and Discussion: The NUREG model was developed by assuming that the risk was proportional to the risk coefficient and dose, while the BEIR VII, UNSCEAR, ICRP, and U.S. EPA models were derived from epidemiological data, principally from Japanese atomic bomb survivors. The risk coefficient does not consider individual characteristics, as the values were calculated in terms of population-averaged cancer risk per unit dose. However, the models derived by epidemiological data are a function of sex, exposure age, and attained age of the exposed individual. Moreover, the methodologies can be used to apply the latest epidemiological data. Therefore, methodologies using epidemiological data should be considered first for developing a Korean cancer risk model, and the cancer sites and DDREF should also be determined based on Korea-specific studies.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.437-464
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• 2014

본 연구는 2009 개정 수학과 교육과정과 CCSSM의 초등학교 수학과 교육과정의 비교 분석을 통하여 한국과 미국의 교육과정에 대한 공통점과 차이점을 알아보고, 우리나라 초등 수학과 교육과정의 개발 방향에 대한 시사점을 얻고자 하였다. 이를 위해 한국의 2009 개정 초등학교 수학과 교육과정과 미국의 CCSSM에서 각각의 내용 영역명과 해당 영역의 학년 분포 및 내용 체계, 내용 규준으로 구분하여 분석하였다. 이 분석을 기반으로 첫째, CCSSM 내용 영역명에 따른 2009 개정 초등학교 수학과 교육과정의 해당 내용을 분류하여 학년군별로 취합하였고, 둘째, 한국과 미국의 교육과정 내용을 주제별로 분류하여 비교하였으며, 셋째, 이 과정에서 한국과 미국의 초등 수학교육의 특징을 살펴보았다.