• Title/Summary/Keyword: Domain Expert

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Study on Image Distortions and Bit-rate Changes Induced by Watermark based-on $4{\times}4$ DCT of H.264/AVC (H.264/AVC의 $4{\times}4$ DCT기반 워터마크에 따른 영상왜곡과 비트율 변화에 대한 연구)

  • Kim, Sung-Min;Won, Chee-Sun
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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    • v.42 no.5 s.305
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    • pp.115-122
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    • 2005
  • There are some problems in directly applying the conventional MPEG bit-stream based watermarking schemes to the bit-stream of a new compression standard, H.264/AVC. In this paper we analyze the effects of the conventional DCT-based watermarking scheme to H.264/AVC, especially in terms of image distortions and bit-rate changes. It turns out that the intra-frame prediction md CAVLC of H.264/AVC with the watermarking worsen the image distortions and bit-rate changes. The experiment results show on average 28.17dB decrease in PSNR and 56.71% increase in bit-rate over all QPs.

A Study on the Domain Knowledge Development of Expert System for the Project Management in the Defense Information Systems (국방정보체계 사업관리용 전문가 시스템의 도메인 지식 개발에 관한 연구)

  • 김화수;문세진;장호석
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.43-61
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    • 1999
  • 국방정보체계는 종류가 다양하고 대규모로 추진되기 때문에 소프트웨어 개발을 위한 사업관리에 어려움이 많이 따른다. 더구나, 현재 국방정보체계의 사업관리는 자동화시스템을 이용하여 체계적으로 실시하지 않고 수동으로 처리하기 때문에 많은 문제점이 야기되고 있고 현재의 소프트웨어 개발 표준인 ISO 12207을 수정 없이 그대로 대규모 실시간 국방정보체계의 소프트웨어 개발사업에 적용하는 것도 한계가 있다. 따라서 본 논문의 목적은 효율적인 국방정보체계 소프트웨어 개발 사업관리를 위해서 국방정보체계별로 적절한 개발 생명주기 모델을 선정하고, 각 단계별로 사업관리자가 수행할 태스크를 식별하는 등의 도메인 지식을 개발하여 궁극적으로 국방정보체계 사업관리용 전문가 시스템을 개발할 때 활용함과 동시에 국방정보체계 사업관리의 일환으로 최종 산출물에 대한 품질을 높일 수 있도록 체계적인 시험평가 방안에 대한 도메인 지식도 개발하여 사업관리용 전문가 시스템 구축 시에 활용하고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위해서 국방정보체계의 소프트웨어 개발 사업관리에 영향을 미치는 요소들을 식별하고 이를 이용하여 국방정보체계 소프트웨어 개발 사업관리를 위한 전문가 시스템을 구축할 수 있도록 생명주기 모델 선정을 위한 도메인 지식, 생명주기 각 단계별 세부활동을 위한 도메인 지식, 시험평가 방안선정을 위한 도메인 지식을 개발하여 제시하였다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 도메인 지식을 전문가 시스템 개발도구에서 지원되는 각종 에디터에 사용되는 형태나 IF A, THEN B 형태로 개발하지 않고 사업관리용 전문가 시스템의 지식베이스에 포함될 지식들을 식별하는 것을 중심으로 개발하였다. 즉, 본 논문에서는 국방정보체계 사업관리용 전문가 시스템 개발의 필요성과 가능성을 검증하는 용역연구과제로써 프로토타입 혹을 완벽한 사업관리용 전문가 시스템을 개발한 것이 아니며, 전문가 시스템 개발 시 가장 어렵고 중요한 지식베이스 모듈속에 포함될 도메인 지식을 개발하는 것이 이 연구의 목적이다. 이러한 연구는 궁극적으로는 이러한 도메인 지식이 국방정보체계의 사업관리를 위한 전문가 시스템의 지식베이스 모듈 구축 시 기초/기반 및 핵심 지식으로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

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Revisiting to the necessity of programming Knowledge for Non-Computer Major Undergraduates (컴퓨터 비전공 대학생의 프로그래밍 지식에 대한 필요성 재조명)

  • Jung, Hye-Wuk
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.185-190
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    • 2020
  • The programming education of non-computer major undergraduates aims to increase the their problem-solving and coding skills so that the skills can be applied to various fields and motivate them to continuously study computer or programming. However, it difficult for them to recognize the necessity of programming knowledge and to find out how it can be used in their major. Therefore, the professor needs to give students a full explanation of their roles to play. In this paper, we revisit the necessity of programming knowledge for non-computer major undergraduates by looking at the convergence cases of ICT technology and the humanities and social arts fields. And we propose an instruction direction of programming learning for them.

A Study on the Online Service of Cultural Heritage Contents (문화유산 콘텐츠 온라인 서비스에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Ok Nam
    • Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.195-224
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    • 2019
  • Online service has been emphasized in various studies for content uses and diffusion of cultural heritage domain. This study purports to investigate the status of contents organization and information services for online cultural heritage services and to suggest improvement directions. This study conducted case studies and expert interviews based on contents, search systems, additional services, and expansion services. It also suggested an integrated information retrieval service for cultural heritage contents as well as the provision of high-quality content and various types of contents. The flexibility of the search function through the content hierarchy, the expansion of access points through the construction of controlled vocabulary, and authority data were also focused. As an additional service, the study proposed a curation-based, user-customized service, data sets open and share, and user participation.

Suggestion of RE and TDD-based V&V Development Process for Scientific Software Implementation (과학용 소프트웨어 구현을 위한 RE와 TDD기반 V&V 개발 프로세스 제안)

  • Lee, Jae-Hong;Kim, Duksu;Kim, Seung-Hee
    • The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.79-88
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    • 2021
  • Scientific software requires a development process different from conventional application software due to its unique characteristics, such as expert-level deep domain knowledge requirements. In this study, we proposed a V & V development process based on RE (Reverse Engineering) and TDD (Test-Driven Development) for software development for science. We also configured a virtual scenario for the actual project, applied it, checked the procedure, and refined it. The development process of this study, suggested for the purpose of developing scientific software, will contribute to the development and application of the software that can provide high quality and high reliability. And This study is expected to serve as an opportunity for the development of scientific software and the spread of research.

Development of Online Fashion Thesaurus and Taxonomy for Text Mining (텍스트마이닝을 위한 패션 속성 분류체계 및 말뭉치 웹사전 구축)

  • Seyoon Jang;Ha Youn Kim;Songmee Kim;Woojin Choi;Jin Jeong;Yuri Lee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.46 no.6
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    • pp.1142-1160
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    • 2022
  • Text data plays a significant role in understanding and analyzing trends in consumer, business, and social sectors. For text analysis, there must be a corpus that reflects specific domain knowledge. However, in the field of fashion, the professional corpus is insufficient. This study aims to develop a taxonomy and thesaurus that considers the specialty of fashion products. To this end, about 100,000 fashion vocabulary terms were collected by crawling text data from WSGN, Pantone, and online platforms; text subsequently was extracted through preprocessing with Python. The taxonomy was composed of items, silhouettes, details, styles, colors, textiles, and patterns/prints, which are seven attributes of clothes. The corpus was completed through processing synonyms of terms from fashion books such as dictionaries. Finally, 10,294 vocabulary words, including 1,956 standard Korean words, were classified in the taxonomy. All data was then developed into a web dictionary system. Quantitative and qualitative performance tests of the results were conducted through expert reviews. The performance of the thesaurus also was verified by comparing the results of text mining analysis through the previously developed corpus. This study contributes to achieving a text data standard and enables meaningful results of text mining analysis in the fashion field.

Latent topics-based product reputation mining (잠재 토픽 기반의 제품 평판 마이닝)

  • Park, Sang-Min;On, Byung-Won
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.39-70
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    • 2017
  • Data-drive analytics techniques have been recently applied to public surveys. Instead of simply gathering survey results or expert opinions to research the preference for a recently launched product, enterprises need a way to collect and analyze various types of online data and then accurately figure out customer preferences. In the main concept of existing data-based survey methods, the sentiment lexicon for a particular domain is first constructed by domain experts who usually judge the positive, neutral, or negative meanings of the frequently used words from the collected text documents. In order to research the preference for a particular product, the existing approach collects (1) review posts, which are related to the product, from several product review web sites; (2) extracts sentences (or phrases) in the collection after the pre-processing step such as stemming and removal of stop words is performed; (3) classifies the polarity (either positive or negative sense) of each sentence (or phrase) based on the sentiment lexicon; and (4) estimates the positive and negative ratios of the product by dividing the total numbers of the positive and negative sentences (or phrases) by the total number of the sentences (or phrases) in the collection. Furthermore, the existing approach automatically finds important sentences (or phrases) including the positive and negative meaning to/against the product. As a motivated example, given a product like Sonata made by Hyundai Motors, customers often want to see the summary note including what positive points are in the 'car design' aspect as well as what negative points are in thesame aspect. They also want to gain more useful information regarding other aspects such as 'car quality', 'car performance', and 'car service.' Such an information will enable customers to make good choice when they attempt to purchase brand-new vehicles. In addition, automobile makers will be able to figure out the preference and positive/negative points for new models on market. In the near future, the weak points of the models will be improved by the sentiment analysis. For this, the existing approach computes the sentiment score of each sentence (or phrase) and then selects top-k sentences (or phrases) with the highest positive and negative scores. However, the existing approach has several shortcomings and is limited to apply to real applications. The main disadvantages of the existing approach is as follows: (1) The main aspects (e.g., car design, quality, performance, and service) to a product (e.g., Hyundai Sonata) are not considered. Through the sentiment analysis without considering aspects, as a result, the summary note including the positive and negative ratios of the product and top-k sentences (or phrases) with the highest sentiment scores in the entire corpus is just reported to customers and car makers. This approach is not enough and main aspects of the target product need to be considered in the sentiment analysis. (2) In general, since the same word has different meanings across different domains, the sentiment lexicon which is proper to each domain needs to be constructed. The efficient way to construct the sentiment lexicon per domain is required because the sentiment lexicon construction is labor intensive and time consuming. To address the above problems, in this article, we propose a novel product reputation mining algorithm that (1) extracts topics hidden in review documents written by customers; (2) mines main aspects based on the extracted topics; (3) measures the positive and negative ratios of the product using the aspects; and (4) presents the digest in which a few important sentences with the positive and negative meanings are listed in each aspect. Unlike the existing approach, using hidden topics makes experts construct the sentimental lexicon easily and quickly. Furthermore, reinforcing topic semantics, we can improve the accuracy of the product reputation mining algorithms more largely than that of the existing approach. In the experiments, we collected large review documents to the domestic vehicles such as K5, SM5, and Avante; measured the positive and negative ratios of the three cars; showed top-k positive and negative summaries per aspect; and conducted statistical analysis. Our experimental results clearly show the effectiveness of the proposed method, compared with the existing method.

Export Control System based on Case Based Reasoning: Design and Evaluation (사례 기반 지능형 수출통제 시스템 : 설계와 평가)

  • Hong, Woneui;Kim, Uihyun;Cho, Sinhee;Kim, Sansung;Yi, Mun Yong;Shin, Donghoon
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.109-131
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    • 2014
  • As the demand of nuclear power plant equipment is continuously growing worldwide, the importance of handling nuclear strategic materials is also increasing. While the number of cases submitted for the exports of nuclear-power commodity and technology is dramatically increasing, preadjudication (or prescreening to be simple) of strategic materials has been done so far by experts of a long-time experience and extensive field knowledge. However, there is severe shortage of experts in this domain, not to mention that it takes a long time to develop an expert. Because human experts must manually evaluate all the documents submitted for export permission, the current practice of nuclear material export is neither time-efficient nor cost-effective. Toward alleviating the problem of relying on costly human experts only, our research proposes a new system designed to help field experts make their decisions more effectively and efficiently. The proposed system is built upon case-based reasoning, which in essence extracts key features from the existing cases, compares the features with the features of a new case, and derives a solution for the new case by referencing similar cases and their solutions. Our research proposes a framework of case-based reasoning system, designs a case-based reasoning system for the control of nuclear material exports, and evaluates the performance of alternative keyword extraction methods (full automatic, full manual, and semi-automatic). A keyword extraction method is an essential component of the case-based reasoning system as it is used to extract key features of the cases. The full automatic method was conducted using TF-IDF, which is a widely used de facto standard method for representative keyword extraction in text mining. TF (Term Frequency) is based on the frequency count of the term within a document, showing how important the term is within a document while IDF (Inverted Document Frequency) is based on the infrequency of the term within a document set, showing how uniquely the term represents the document. The results show that the semi-automatic approach, which is based on the collaboration of machine and human, is the most effective solution regardless of whether the human is a field expert or a student who majors in nuclear engineering. Moreover, we propose a new approach of computing nuclear document similarity along with a new framework of document analysis. The proposed algorithm of nuclear document similarity considers both document-to-document similarity (${\alpha}$) and document-to-nuclear system similarity (${\beta}$), in order to derive the final score (${\gamma}$) for the decision of whether the presented case is of strategic material or not. The final score (${\gamma}$) represents a document similarity between the past cases and the new case. The score is induced by not only exploiting conventional TF-IDF, but utilizing a nuclear system similarity score, which takes the context of nuclear system domain into account. Finally, the system retrieves top-3 documents stored in the case base that are considered as the most similar cases with regard to the new case, and provides them with the degree of credibility. With this final score and the credibility score, it becomes easier for a user to see which documents in the case base are more worthy of looking up so that the user can make a proper decision with relatively lower cost. The evaluation of the system has been conducted by developing a prototype and testing with field data. The system workflows and outcomes have been verified by the field experts. This research is expected to contribute the growth of knowledge service industry by proposing a new system that can effectively reduce the burden of relying on costly human experts for the export control of nuclear materials and that can be considered as a meaningful example of knowledge service application.

Analysis of the 2015 Revised and 2022 Revised Elementary School Science Achievement Standards Using the TIMSS 2023 Scientific Cognitive Domain Analysis Framework (TIMSS 2023 과학 인지 영역 분석틀을 활용한 2015 개정 및 2022 개정 초등 과학과 성취 기준 분석)

  • Sungchan Shin
    • Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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    • v.44 no.3
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    • pp.249-262
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    • 2024
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the achievement standards of the 2015 revision and 2022 revision of the science curriculum using the TIMSS 2023 science cognitive domain analysis framework. The subject of the study is the achievement standards for all elementary school areas in the 2015 and 2022 revised science curriculum. Three field teachers and one elementary science education expert who majored in elementary science education participated in the research analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, in the 2022 revised movement and energy field, the ratio of the 'knowing' area was about 16% higher than the 2015 revision, and the ratio of the 'reasoning' area also increased by about 5.8%. Second, in the material field, the proportion of TIMSS 2023 cognitive domains was in the order of 'knowing', 'applying', and 'reasoning' regardless of grade group and curriculum revision period. Third, in the field of life sciences, the proportion of TIMSS 2023 cognitive domains differed depending on grade group and curriculum revision period. Fourth, in the Earth and Space field of the 2022 revision, similar to the other three fields, the proportion of the 'Knowing' field increased and while the 'Applying' field decreased. However, in the 2022 revision, the 'reasoning' area in all three other fields increased, but decreased only in the earth and space fields. Fifth, the 2015 revised integrated unit and the 2022 revised science and society field only covered the elements of 'recognizing' and 'presenting examples' in the 'knowing' area, 'making relationships' and 'explaining' in the 'applying' area and 'Synthesize' in the 'reasoning' area. In the 2022 revised elementary school science field, the proportion of the 'knowing' section was 52.5%, the proportion of the 'applying' section was 33.8%, and the proportion of the 'reasoning' section was 13.7%. In conclusion, in the 2022 revised elementary science achievement standards, the ratio of the 'applying' and 'reasoning' areas was low because the reliance on the 'knowing' area was too high.

A Meta-Analysis of the Variables Related with Social Support for Female Marriage Immigrants (여성결혼이민자의 사회적 지지와 관련 변인 메타분석)

  • Lee, Eun-Joo;Jun, Mi-Kyung
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.31 no.5
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    • pp.125-141
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    • 2013
  • This research aims to integrate study results through a meta-analysis of previous studies on the variables related with social support for female marriage immigrants. Based on the results, this study established the foundation of an integrated social support system for female marriage immigrants which considers both the functional perspective and structural perspective of social support, and suggested plans for an efficient support system. All social support was positively associated with female marriage immigrants marriage life, child-rearing behavior and attitude, reduction of stress and depression and psychological stability. In relation to the effect size of each variable related with all social support, the marriage variable had the biggest relationship with it, followed by the parenting variable, the psychological variable and the stress variable in that order. With reference to the relationship with related variables according to the sub-domain of social support, from the structural perspective, spousale support showed a high relationship with the marriage variable and the stress variable. It was also especially, very highly related with the marriage variable. In addition, a married woman's family support and expert support had an intermediate relationship with the marriage variable, and the husband's family support and friend support had a low relationship with it. From the functional perspective, material support had a very high relationship with the marriage variable, whereas it had a low relationship with the stress variable and the psychological variable. Emotional support was also highly related with marriage variable, but showed an intermediate or low relationship with the psychological variable and the stress variable. On the other hand, informational support displayed an intermediate relationship with the stress variable and the psychological variable, and a high relationship with the marriage variable. Lastly, evaluative support had a high relationship with the marriage variable and the psychological variable. Based on these results, this study proposed plans for an integrated social support system as follows. First, education ought to be provided for the spouses, and support for marital adjustment should be offered. Second, there plans should be made for continuous bonding with the family of origin, and support should be given to address changes in awareness of the relationship with the husband's parents. Third, it is required to revitalize the local community and self-help groups, and provide the female marriage immigrants with opportunities to participate in social activities.