• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.12-21
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• 2003

In this study, we evaluated effects of three anastomotic techniques of small intestine on adhesions in the dog. Twenty six healthy mixed dogs were randomly assigned to three groups. Group I(n = 8) was sutured with a simple continuous suture, group II(n = 7) was sutured with a simple interrupted approximating suture and group III(n = 11) was sutured with a single layer continuous Connell suture. On completion of any intestinal anastomosis, a pedicle of greater omentum was wrapped around the suture line in all experimental dogs. One percent sodium carboxymeth-ylcellulose (5ml/kg) was administrated into the abdomen by feeding tube prior to closing the last part of peritoneum in all dogs. Postoperative adhesions were evaluated at 14th day after operation. The adhesions consisted primarily in two dogs in group I, three dogs in group II and group III. There were adhesions between intestinal serosal surfaces in eight dogs in all groups, but there were no intestinal serosa-visceral peritoneum adhesion and intestinal serosa-mesentery adhesion. Mean adhesion scores were less than score 2 in all groups. Between anastomotic site and omental graft, there were 13.13$\pm$4.97 mm (mean$\pm$S.D.) adhesion formation in group I and 17.29$\pm$4.68 mm in group II and 14.64$\pm$3.80mm in group III. A simple continuous suture resulted in the least adhesion formation and a simple interrupted approximating suture resulted in the greatest adhesion formation among the groups. However, there were no significant differences among three suture techniques in the severity of adhesions. Intestinal intussusception only encountered in one dog during the 14 days, the dog operated and survived. Daily monitoring of temperature, activity, appetite, defecation and micturition were done. All of those vital signs were within normal values and there were no obvious differences among the groups. In conclusion, even though there were no significant differences among three groups, a simple continous suture pattern is recommended to prevent adhesions when operating intestinal anastomosis in dogs.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.101-108
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• 1993

To examine the effects of vaccination against Babesia gibsoni(B gibsoni) infection in dogs, 15 normal mixed-breed dogs(5 months to 1 year old) were divided into 3 groups with 5 dogs in each group. One of them was selected as control group(group A) and other were selected as experimental groups(group B and C). The group B was vaccinated with antigen which were mixed 0.2% of formalin treated B gibsoni and sonicated one. The group C was inoculated Theileria sergenti as a non-specific antigen. The results obtained in this experiment were summarized as follows; 1. After first vaccination, antibody titers of group B and C were increased 5 times(1:200) than those of control group(1 : 40). The antibody titers of group C were increased more than that of group B after second vaccination. When challenged with the living protozoa(Babesia gibsoni), the antibody titers of C group were elevated higher than that of B group and maintained steadly. Those were not exceeded over 1 : 5,000 for 4 weeks in all 3 groups. 2. After challenge, the peak time of the parasitemia appeared nearly on the 15th day(12~18 days) in all groups. During this period, the rate of parasitized erythrocytes in control group was $55.0{\pm}5.4$‰. But that of group B and C were $41.3{\pm}38.8$‰ and $15.2{\pm}16.3$‰, respectively. 3. After challenge with B gibsoni, all of the values of PCV, Hb, RBC and total leukocytes counts were decreased in both of the experimental and the control. 4. In all groups, there were increased lymphocytes and monocytes after challenge with the protozoa.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 2014

As Korea is moving toward multicultural society, the number of Muslim, whose religion has a great influence on diet-related behaviors, is increasing in Korea. Since the number of immigrants from Indonesia ranks within top ten in Korea and Indonesia is one of the most representative Islamic countries in Asia, understanding the diet-related behaviors and food preferences of Indonesians is needed. This study was conducted to investigate diet-related behaviors, factors affecting the diet-related perceptions, and food preferences of the Indonesians. The subjects included 500 Indonesians dwelling in Jakarta, Indonesia. About ninety % of the subjects in this study were Muslims. They did not eat pork and dog meat for religious reason and they practiced fasting during Ramadan period. Indonesians avoided pineapple, durian, and hot foods during pregnancy and usually ate vegetables and fruits after birth, which seemed to be due to sociocultural influence. Among the subjects, 21.5% were obese and major health problems reported were hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Their preference for fried food items might have contributed to health problems. Subjects had meals mostly at home (2.3 times/day) and dined out occasionally (1.2 times/week) at Indonesian restaurants (56.6%) or family restaurants (21.0%). In conclusion, Indonesians had home-based and native food-oriented dietary life with strong religious and sociocultural influence on food choices. Further research on specific nutrient intake analysis is needed to better understand and to improve dietary life of Indonesians in Korea.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.245-247
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• 2003

A spayed female English sheepdog, 4-year-old 18.2 kg, wat referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Konkuk University due to the 4-day duration of epistaxis and dyspnea. Ingestion of anticoagulant rodenticides can inhibit the recycling of vitamin $K_1$, which reduce the activity of circulating clotting factors. If immediate and appropriate treatment doesn't perform, it may result in depression or death through severe hemorrhage. This report present successful treatment of a 4-year-old spayed female dog with stupor and opisthotonos. Efficient treatment of whole blood transfusion and vitamin $K_1$ improved clinical signs dramatically. The patient is recovered following treatment and healthy now.

• Archives of design research
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• v.9
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• pp.401-418
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• 1994

A fairy tale of information by word of mouth gets to this day with admitting the change of period. A fairy tale reflects the morality of the education of children. The late 17th century, the information by an author of classical literature collects and the literature genre of children begins to fix. In 1697, Perrault publicates and is a volume of eight volumes' tale. Perrault describes that female children guard against male by annexing a figurative allusion. Sara Moon of a photography artist in 20th century expresses this theme by symbolic expression of illustration. Her illustration brings about many questions and becomes conscious of the veiled significance of sentences by author's consideration. She deletes the Perrault's preccept in substitution of bed photography and she substitutes a wolf with a car or a dog and a shadow, etc .. The illustration of Sara Moon gets ready a foundation of early sex education as reflecting a period. Now, an illustrator gets to rebirth a fairy tail as a new dramatizer of today.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.165-173
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of chitosan-calcium sulfate mixture on early bony consolidation in osteodistracted dogs. The experimental group was divided into 3 groups: saline group(Control), chitosan group(Group CH) and chitosan-calcium sulfate mixture group(Group CH+CS). Four dogs were allocated to each group and classified into B week observation subgroups and 5 week observation subgroups, respectively. Two dogs were allocated to each subgroup. The lateral surface of the left mandibular body was exposed in the subperiosteal plane and vertical osteotomy was carried out on the mandibular body. An external distraction device was applied to the mandibular body. Mandibular distraction was started 5 days after the osteotomy at a rate of 1 m per day for a total of 10 w distraction for 10 days. After completion of distraction, chitosan, chitosan-calcium sulfate and saline were injected into the distracted zone of the group CH, group CH+CS and control. The external device was left in place for 3 or 5 weeks to allow for bony consolidation. Serial radiographs were carried out every week. Two dogs of each group, six dogs in total, were sacrificed at 3 weeks, and the other six dogs at 5 week after distraction. Bone specimens of the distracted mandibles were taken for histologic examination. New bone was not noted in the distracted zone of 3 week observation subgroups in the control and group CH. However, new bone was developed in the group CH+CS with a narrow fibrous interzone in the area of the distracted zone. While osteogenesis was mild in the margin of the distracted Bone of 5 week observation subgroup in the control, new bone was noted much in the group CH and group CH+CS. However, osteogenesis was noted more significantly in the group CH+CS than that of group CH. In conclusion, chitosan-calcium sulfate mixture was more effective on early bony consolidation in distraction osteogenesis

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.487-496
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• 1998

The survey was conducted in July first to 15th, among 463 elementary school students, 4th grade to 6th grade in Chonj. The subjects were 252 male and 211 female students. The mean age of the subjects was 9.8 year The percent of relative body weight of the subjects compared to Korean standard was 100.1%, it almost matched to Korean standard. The percent of relative body weight in male students was 100.4%, where as the female's was 99.7%. Thirty six percent of the subjects have breakfast irregularly. The reason skipping breakfast were 'no appetite' 50.5%, 'get up late' 35.8%,' no delicious food' 18.2%. The reason skipping breakfast was significantly different by sex and obese index. The frequency taking snack was significantly different by sex, 34.6% of female subjects took snack more than twice per day, while 16.7% of male subjects did it. The most frequently taking snack were fruits, the points was 4.0 of 5.0. Ramyun, Sundai were taking more frequently among males than females. Females took fruits more frequently than males. Hot dog, ice cream ,and chocolate intakes were significantly different by obese index. The most preference of snack were fruits and ice cream in all subjects. The preference of ramyun, hamburger, egg, chicken, dried squid, milk, peanut, and soft drink were higher in males than in females. Biscuit, ice cream, and chocolate preference were significantly different in obese index.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.575-579
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• 2005

A 6-month-old male Poodle was referred with chief complaint of dysponea and cough. Cyanosis was not detected. This dog was diagnosed as a case of canine patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) by X-ray and ultrasonography. Diuretics and bronchodialators were administered for 4 weeks. Clinical symptoms were not improved. Thoracotomy was done at right recumbent position. The length of ductus arteriosus was 8 mm and the diameter was 6 mm, respectively. Double ligation was performed in surgery. Continuous cardiac murmur, cough and strong femoral pulsation were disappeared after surgery. The diameters of the pulmonary artery and vein found to normal by X-ray on 10 days after operation. The diameter of the aorta measured to be larger than that of the main pulmonary artery by ultrasonography. The fractional shortening (FS) on 10 days after surgery was 17.32% by ultrasonography. The needle-acupuncture therapy was used in acupoints BL-15 as local point plus PC-6, HT-7 and HT-5 as distant points for 3 days (15 min/once/a day). The FSs were increased to 21.31% and 29.44% at 1 and on 3 days after acupuncture, respectively. The present patient was a case of typical canine PDA that showed favorable therapeutic responses by surgery combined with needle-acupuncture treatment.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.117-120
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• 2010

A 5-years-old 3.7 kg intact female Pomeranian dog was presented with the history of swelling and pain in the distal part of the right forelimb. The swollen lesion was firm as bony material on palpation. On radiographic examination, there was a well-marginated, radiolucent, and expansile bone lesion in the distal metaphysis of the right ulna. Because of very narrow zone of transition, well-defined margins and absence of any periosteal reactivity, benign bone cyst was strongly suspected. The lesion was removed by en bloc resection and packed the space with $Gelfoam^{(R)}$ and aneurysmal bone cyst was finally diagnosed according to histopathological examination. Normal gait was showed on postoperative day 9 and there have been no pain and complication for 1 year since then.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.50-54
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• 2006

To evaluate the effect of punctal occlusion on tear preservation after third eyelid resection, 10 eyes were operated in dogs and observed changes in tear preservation using Schirmer tear test (STT). Punctal occlusion was performed on five healthy dogs with no clinical sings of ocular irritation and no history of dry eye syndrome. The STT was performed for 10 days before surgery, and on the day 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 17, 21, 25, and 30 after third eyelid resection. The mean STT was $17.4{\pm}0.15$ mm/min($mean{\pm}SEM$) for 10 days before surgery. And, it was $11.5{\pm}0.55$mm/min for 30 days after surgery in puntal occlusion(PO) group. The mean STT was $17.3{\pm}0.32$ mm/min for 10 days before surgery. And, it was more decreased to $6.5{\pm}0.60$ mm/min for 30 days after surgery in control group. The paired t-test was performed. Mean STT after the third eyelid resection was higher in PO group than that of control throughout experimental period (p<0.05). In summary, the effect of thermal punctal occlusion significantly increased on the tear preservation by $28.86{\pm}7.96%$. These results suggest that application of thermal punctal occulsion in dry eye syndrome will promote tear preservation.